特朗普政府周四宣布暂停八家科技公司为外籍工人申请绿卡的担保资格，副总统JD·万斯特别点名微软，声称该公司用持有H-1B工作签证的员工取代了2025年裁掉的6000名员工。
As the Trump administration announced Thursday that it suspended eight tech companies from sponsoring foreign workers for green cards, Vice President JD Vance singled out Microsoft, claiming it replaced the 6,000 workers it laid off in 2025 with people on H-1B work visas.
劳工部PERM项目的暂停——该项目用于向移民授予永久居留权——不影响H-1B签证，后者是临时工作许可，但H-1B批准数据显示，这些公司对外籍工人的依赖程度有多高。
The suspension of the Labor Department's PERM program for green cards, which grant permanent residency to immigrants, doesn't affect H-1Bs, which are temporary work permits, but H-1B approval data shows how heavily these companies rely on foreign workers.
美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）H-1B雇主数据中心的数据还显示，亚马逊和Meta是H-1B签证的最大担保方，且两者均未被暂停。
Data from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services' H-1B Employer Data Hub also shows that Amazon and Meta were the biggest sponsors of H-1B visas, and neither was suspended.
此次打击不仅限于科技行业。周四同场新闻发布会上，劳工部监察长安东尼·D'Esposito宣布，将对涉嫌涉及九所主要美国高校的J-1签证欺诈行为展开调查。特朗普的支持者长期认为，这些项目通过激励雇主从国外招聘，削弱了美国工人的利益。
The crackdown went beyond tech. At the same news conference Thursday, the Labor Department's inspector general, Anthony D'Esposito, announced an investigation into alleged J-1 visa fraud involving nine major American universities. Trump supporters have long argued that these programs undercut American workers by incentivizing employers to hire from abroad.
谁在名单上？所有八家被暂停的公司均位列全国前50大H-1B担保方。其中大多数是IT服务和咨询公司。Adobe是其中规模最小的，排名第45。
Who's on the list All eight suspended companies rank among the nation's top 50 H-1B sponsors. Most are IT services and consulting firms. Adobe is the smallest, at No. 45.
最大的担保方未被暂停：亚马逊在2025财年获得19,178份H-1B批准，Meta获得6,294份，两者均位列前二，且均未被暂停。根据USCIS数据中心的数据，微软以6,258份批准紧随其后，排名第三。微软曾多年超过亚马逊担保H-1B签证数量，但亚马逊在2017年超越微软，如今其获批数量约为微软的三倍。
The biggest sponsor wasn't suspended Amazon, with 19,178 H-1B approvals in fiscal 2025, and Meta, with 6,294, were the top two sponsors, and neither was suspended. Microsoft was a close third with 6,258, according to the USCIS data hub. Microsoft out-sponsored Amazon for years. Amazon passed Microsoft in 2017 and now gets about three times as many approvals.
如果你来算算看：微软裁掉每一名员工，就用一名半外籍“契约劳工”来取代。……微软是一家伟大的美国公司，我们与他们保持着良好的关系。
If you do the math, for every worker that Microsoft laid off, they replaced that worker with one and a half foreign indentured servants. ... Microsoft is a great American company, and we have a great relationship with them.
JD·万斯，美国副总统。数据呈现出的情况较为复杂。正如万斯所言，微软去年确实获得了超过6000份H-1B签证批准。不过，其中三分之二的签证都发给了已经在该公司工作的员工。而亚马逊虽然新聘用的H-1B签证持有者人数几乎是微软的四倍，却并未被列入签证暂停名单。
JD Vance Vice President of the United States What the numbers show The numbers cut both ways. Microsoft did receive more than 6,000 H-1B approvals last year, as Vance said. But 2 in 3 went to people already working there. Amazon, which brought in nearly four times as many H-1B workers new to the company, was not on the suspension list.