西班牙国王费利佩六世和王后莱蒂西亚将于10月13日访问塞乌塔，次日访问梅利利亚，这是费利佩自2014年登基以来首次作为国王访问这两座城市。
Spain’s King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia are due to visit Ceuta on October 13 and Melilla the following day, in Felipe’s first visit to either city as king since he ascended the throne in 2014.
此次访问发生在7月塞乌塔边境发生重大移民危机之后，而西班牙与摩洛哥长期争夺北非海岸两座城市的争端至今仍未解决。
The trip comes after a major migration crisis at the Ceuta border in July and as the long-running dispute between Spain and Morocco over the two cities on the North African coast remains unresolved.
西班牙认为塞乌塔和梅利利亚是其领土的一部分，而摩洛哥则认为这两座城市以及北非的其他几个西班牙控制领土属于其自身领土。
Spain considers Ceuta and Melilla part of its territory, while Morocco regards both cities and several smaller Spanish-held territories in North Africa as part of its own territory.
位于直布罗陀海峡南侧的这座城市在西班牙语和阿拉伯语中有不同的名称。
The city that sits on the southern side of the Strait of Gibraltar also has different names in Spanish and Arabic.
在西班牙，它被称为塞乌塔。在阿拉伯语中，它被称为塞卜塔，通常用拉丁字母拼写为Sebta。
In Spain, it is Ceuta. In Arabic, it is Sabta, commonly written as Sebta in Latin script.
那么，为什么同一座城市会有两个名称？以及位于北非海岸的城市为何会处于西班牙的主权之下？塞乌塔这个名字从何而来？这个名称比现代西班牙或摩洛哥都要古老得多。
So why does the same city have two names? And how did a city on the North African coast come under Spanish sovereignty? Where does the name Ceuta come from? The name is much older than either modern Spain or Morocco.
这座城市在阿拉伯语中被称为塞卜塔。西班牙文化部将塞卜塔与今日的塞乌塔联系起来，并追溯其历史，经历了伊德里斯王朝、倭马亚王朝、泰法王朝、阿尔莫拉维德王朝、阿尔莫哈德王朝和梅林王朝的统治时期。
The city was known as Sabta in Arabic. Spain’s Ministry of Culture identifies Sabta with present-day Ceuta and traces its history through successive periods of Idrisid, Umayyad, Taifa, Almoravid, Almohad and Marinid rule.
西班牙语名称“塞乌塔”源自该名称的早期形式。塞卜塔和塞乌塔是同一座城市的不同语言形式。谁在西班牙之前控制了塞乌塔？塞乌塔在马格里布和安达卢斯地区经历了多个政治和王朝体系。
The Spanish form, Ceuta, developed from earlier forms of the name. Sabta and Ceuta are different linguistic forms of the same city. Who controlled Ceuta before Spain? Ceuta passed through several political and dynastic systems in the Maghreb and al-Andalus.
在伊德里斯王朝时期，该城市最初由贝努伊萨姆家族控制，后在931年被倭马亚哈里发阿卜杜拉赫曼三世夺取，从而进入安达卢斯的政治范畴。
Under the Idrisid dynasty, the city was in the hands of the Banu Isam before being taken by the Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Rahman III in 931, bringing it into the political sphere of al-Andalus.
11世纪，塞乌塔与马拉加泰法王朝联系在一起。随后它先后落入阿尔莫拉维德和阿尔莫哈德王朝之手。从14世纪初开始，它成为梅林王朝的势力范围，期间也有其他地方王朝执政的时期。到15世纪初，塞乌塔仍处于穆斯林统治之下。那一年是1415年，情况发生了改变。休达是如何成为葡萄牙领土的？1415年8月21日，若昂一世率领的葡萄牙军队攻占了休达。
In the 11th century, Ceuta became linked to the Taifa of Malaga. It later came under the Almoravids and Almohads. From the beginning of the 14th century, it became part of the Marinid sphere with periods when other local dynasties held power. By the early 15th century, Ceuta was under Muslim rule. That changed in 1415. How did Ceuta become Portuguese? On August 21, 1415, Portuguese forces led by King John I captured Ceuta.
葡萄牙的征服终结了休达长达七个多世纪的穆斯林统治。休达自身的文化遗产机构将穆斯林统治时期定为从709年到1415年葡萄牙征服为止。休达在葡萄牙统治下延续了两个多世纪。
The Portuguese conquest brought an end to more than seven centuries of Muslim rule in Ceuta. Ceuta’s own cultural heritage authority dates Muslim rule from 709 to the Portuguese conquest in 1415. Ceuta remained Portuguese for more than two centuries.
1580年至1640年间，葡萄牙和西班牙由同一君主统治。1640年葡萄牙恢复独立时，休达并未回归葡萄牙统治，而是继续留在西班牙君主治下。
Portugal and Spain were then ruled by the same monarchy from 1580 to 1640. When Portugal restored its independence in 1640, Ceuta remained under the Spanish monarchy rather than returning to Portuguese rule.
1668年正式承认葡萄牙独立的《里斯本条约》将休达留在了西班牙手中。这就是休达落入西班牙主权之下的缘由。摩洛哥为何声称对休达拥有主权？摩洛哥的论据植根于该城市的历史与地理。
The 1668 Treaty of Lisbon, which formally recognised Portuguese independence, left Ceuta in Spanish hands. That is how Ceuta came under Spanish sovereignty. Why does Morocco claim Ceuta? Morocco’s argument is rooted in the city’s history and geography.
休达位于北非海岸，其陆地一侧四面环摩洛哥。自1956年独立以来，摩洛哥便声称对休达和梅利利亚拥有主权，并将这两座城市视为被占领的摩洛哥领土。西班牙持相反立场。
Ceuta lies on the North African coast, surrounded by Morocco on its landward side. Morocco has claimed Ceuta and Melilla since gaining independence in 1956 and regards the two cities as occupied Moroccan territories. Spain takes the opposite position.
根据西班牙法律，休达是一座自治市。其《自治章程》将休达描述为西班牙民族不可分割的一部分，并赋予该市自我管理制度。
Under Spanish law, Ceuta is an autonomous city. Its Statute of Autonomy describes Ceuta as an integral part of the Spanish nation and gives the city its own system of self-government.
因此，争端不在于谁管理休达——西班牙在管理。而在于主权归属。
The dispute, therefore, is not about who administers Ceuta. Spain does. It is about sovereignty.
摩洛哥称休达应属于摩洛哥领土。西班牙称其对该城市的主权已成定局，休达是西班牙的一部分。双方均未接受对方的立场。为何历史无法解决这一争端？因为双方对历史的解读不同。
Morocco says Ceuta should form part of Moroccan territory. Spain says its sovereignty over the city is established and Ceuta is part of Spain. Neither side has accepted the other’s position. Why doesn’t history settle the dispute? Because the two sides interpret that history differently.
摩洛哥指出休达长期处于马格里布地区穆斯林政治体系之内，且地处北非海岸。西班牙则指出葡萄牙和西班牙对该地长达数百年的控制，以及休达作为西班牙一部分的现行宪制地位。
Morocco points to Ceuta’s long history within Muslim political systems in the Maghreb and its location on the North African coast. Spain points to centuries of Portuguese and Spanish control and to Ceuta’s present constitutional status as part of Spain.
历史记录并未为现代主权争议提供简单答案。1415年前统治休达的政治体制并非具有今日边界的民族国家，休达的现状是基于随后几个世纪葡萄牙和西班牙统治的结果。
The historical record does not provide a simple answer to a modern sovereignty dispute. The political systems that ruled Ceuta before 1415 were not nation-states with today’s borders, and the city’s current status is based on centuries of subsequent Portuguese and Spanish rule.
摩洛哥的领土主张可追溯至1956年独立之后，但西班牙一直继续对休达行使主权。摩洛哥为何称其为“塞卜塔”？塞卜塔（或萨布塔）是休达的阿拉伯名称，早于现代主权争议。
Morocco’s territorial claim dates from the period after independence in 1956, but Spain has continued to exercise sovereignty over Ceuta. Why does Morocco call it Sebta? Sebta, or Sabta, is the Arabic name for Ceuta and predates the modern sovereignty dispute.
在摩洛哥，塞卜塔是用于该城市的阿拉伯名称，而休达则是确立的西班牙语形式。
In Morocco, Sebta is the Arabic name used for the city while Ceuta is the established Spanish form.
名称的选择可能具有政治共鸣，因为摩洛哥对西班牙对休达的主权提出争议。但使用塞卜塔并不自动构成政治声明，它也仅仅是该城市的阿拉伯名称。梅利利亚又如何？梅利利亚的历史与休达不同。
The choice of name can have political resonance because Morocco disputes Spanish sovereignty over the city. But using Sebta is not automatically a political statement. It is also simply the Arabic name. What about Melilla? Melilla’s history is different from Ceuta’s.
西班牙军队于1497年夺取梅利利亚的控制权，当时它被并入卡斯蒂利亚王冠。
Spanish forces took control of Melilla in 1497 when it was incorporated into the Crown of Castile.
相比之下，休达最初是葡萄牙的，在葡萄牙恢复独立后继续隶属于西班牙王朝。
Ceuta, by contrast, was first Portuguese before remaining under the Spanish monarchy after Portugal regained its independence.
如今，两座城市均为西班牙的自治城市，摩洛哥宣称对两者拥有主权。休达为何仍然重要？休达的重要性今日已超越其面积。
Today, both cities are Spanish autonomous cities, and Morocco claims sovereignty over both. Why does Ceuta still matter? Ceuta’s importance today goes beyond its size.
休达被视为西班牙的一部分，但未被纳入欧盟关税领土。其与摩洛哥的边界也是申根区的外部边界。
Ceuta is considered part of Spain, but it is not included in the European Union customs territory. Its border with Morocco is also an external border of the Schengen area.
这使得休达成为移民和边境政策的焦点，也成为马德里与拉巴特关系中反复出现的问题。
That has made Ceuta a focal point for migration and border policy as well as a recurring issue in relations between Madrid and Rabat.
该问题于7月30日重新成为头条新闻，据路透社报道，当天有超过72,000名移民从摩洛哥进入休达。
The issue returned sharply to the headlines on July 30 when more than 72,000 migrants entered Ceuta from Morocco, according to the Reuters news agency.
如今，费利佩计划访问休达和梅利利亚，这使得这两座有争议的城市再次成为焦点。
Now Felipe’s planned visits to Ceuta and Melilla are putting the two disputed cities back in the spotlight.