美国总统唐纳德·特朗普将全球柴油出口减少和世界各地价格飙升归咎于乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂的袭击，并称总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基“想给世界制造麻烦”。
President Donald Trump has blamed Ukraine's attacks on Russian oil refineries for the global reduction in diesel exports and the spike in prices around the world, saying President Volodymyr Zelensky "wants to make problems for the world".
特朗普表示：“他最好该死的停下来，”随后暗示乌克兰应该“换一个能达成协议的新领导人”。
"He'd better damn well stop," Trump said, before suggesting Ukraine should "get a new leader who can make a deal".
但其他人则将责任归咎于美以与伊朗的战争，称这场战争切断了海湾地区精炼燃料的出口。
But others have pointed the finger of blame at the US-Israel war with Iran for cutting exports of the refined fuel from the Gulf region.
在特朗普宣布一项从俄罗斯进口柴油的争议性协议并承诺“为美国人降低价格”之后，BBC核查栏目（BBC Verify）调查了近几个月和近年来影响该燃料供应的因素。
After Trump announced a controversial deal to import diesel from Russia - promising "lower prices for Americans" - BBC Verify has looked at what has been affecting supplies of the fuel in recent months and years.
数据显示，尽管乌克兰和伊朗的冲突都大幅减少了全球柴油出口，但由于与伊朗的战争，海湾国家供应量的下降幅度更大。
The figures suggest that while both the Ukraine and Iran conflicts have significantly reduced global diesel exports - the fall in supplies from the Gulf states due to the war with Iran has been greater.
虽然柴油成本上升直接打击了司机，但由于柴油被用于构成全球供应链骨干的货车、面包车和船只，人们产生了更广泛的担忧。运输成本的任何增加都可能以更高价格的形式转嫁给消费者。
While the rising cost of diesel directly hits drivers, there's a wider concern because of its use in the lorries, vans and ships that form the backbone of global supply chains. Any increase in transport costs could be fed through to consumers in the form of higher prices.
根据美国能源信息署的最新数据，10月5日美国零售柴油平均价格为每加仑6.20美元（约合4.69英镑），仅略低于9月21日创下的每加仑6.50美元的纪录。在与伊朗的战争之前，美国每加仑柴油的价格约为3.50美元。
Average US retail diesel prices on 5 October were $6.20 (£4.69) per gallon, just shy of the record of $6.50 per gallon seen on 21 September, according to the latest figures from the US Energy Information Administration. Before the war with Iran a gallon of diesel in the US cost around $3.50.
同样，英国的平均柴油价格目前也触及历史最高点，能源安全与净零大臣部的数据显示，10月5日每升价格为199便士。
Similarly, average UK diesel prices are currently touching record highs, with data from the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero showing that on 5 October a litre cost 199p.
根据航运数据公司Kpler的数据，在2025年，每天约有680万桶柴油出口到全球市场。出口量约占全球柴油总消费量的四分之一。其余部分来自各国国内产量。
In 2025, around 6.8 million barrels of diesel per day were being exported to the global market, according to figures from the shipping data company Kpler. Exports account for around a quarter of total global diesel consumption. The rest comes from countries' domestic production.
到2026年9月，全球出口量已降至每天580万桶——每天减少约100万桶。
In September 2026, global exports had fallen to 5.8 million barrels per day - a decline of around one million barrels per day.
一些国家（尤其是美国）在过去一年中增加了柴油出口，但总体全球净出口量有所下降。分析人士表示，正是这种下降导致了柴油零售价格的推高。
Some countries, notably the US, have increased their diesel exports over the past year, but overall net global exports have declined. And analysts say it's that drop which has been responsible for pushing up the retail price of diesel.
2025年，俄罗斯每天出口约81万桶柴油，但到2026年9月，这一数字已降至每天约14万桶——每天减少约67万桶。
In 2025 Russia was exporting around 810,000 barrels of diesel per day but by September 2026 that had fallen to around 140,000 barrels per day - a decline of around 670,000 barrels per day.
俄罗斯出口下降的原因之一是乌克兰持续对该国的炼油厂发动袭击，这些炼油厂将原油转化为柴油。中东不仅是原油的主要出口国，也是全球柴油生产的重要枢纽。
One of the reasons for the decline in Russian exports is Ukraine's sustained campaign of strikes on the country's refineries which take crude oil and turn it into diesel. As well as being a major exporter of crude oil, the Middle East is also a significant global hub for the production of diesel.
2025年，海湾国家（沙特阿拉伯、阿联酋、科威特、巴林和阿曼）每天出口约140万桶柴油。到2026年9月，这一数字已降至每天约67万桶。
In 2025 the Gulf states - Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain and Oman - were exporting around 1.4 million barrels of diesel per day. In September 2026 that had fallen to around 670,000 barrels per day.
这一急剧下降是由于美伊战争对海湾国家精炼柴油经霍尔木兹海峡出口流量的影响所致。
This sharp decline has been driven by the impact of the US-Iran war on the flow of exports of refined diesel from the Gulf states through the Strait of Hormuz.
由于伊朗对油轮的袭击以及美国对伊朗港口的封锁，该水道的交通流量受到了严重干扰。
Traffic flows in the waterway have been badly disrupted by Iranian strikes on tankers and the US blockade of Iran's ports.
尽管船舶追踪公司的估计表明，上个月通过该水道的原油流量已恢复到接近战前水平——部分原因是美国海军协助保护航运，但中东精炼柴油的流量仍然远低于战前水平。
While estimates from ship-tracking firms suggest the flow of crude oil through the waterway returned close to pre-war levels last month - due, in part, to the US navy helping to protect shipping - the flow of refined diesel from the Middle East has remained far below pre-war levels.
数据显示，与乌克兰战争相比，与伊朗的冲突对全球柴油出口量下降的影响更大。
The figures suggest the conflict with Iran has had a greater impact on the global drop in diesel export volumes than the Ukraine war.
与中东约81万桶的降幅相比，俄罗斯的出口量每天减少约67万桶，尽管分析人士强调两者都很重大。
Exports from Russia are down around 670,000 barrels a day compared with a fall of around 810,000 from the Middle East Though analysts stress both are significant.
罗伯特戈登大学能源转型研究所所长保罗·德利乌对BBC核查栏目表示：“美伊冲突在2026年对全球能源市场造成了重大冲击，但由于使俄罗斯炼油厂停产，当前持续的俄乌冲突现在正在放大这种压力。”
"The US-Iran conflict delivered a major shock to global energy markets in 2026, but the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict is now amplifying this pressure by taking Russian refineries offline," Paul de Leeuw, director of the Energy Transition Institute at Robert Gordon University, told BBC Verify.
大宗商品背景公司的石油分析师罗里·约翰逊呼应了他的言论，他表示，乌克兰的袭击“把战争的痛苦带到了俄罗斯本土，并在很大程度上将世界第二大柴油出口国挤出了市场”。图表由埃尔旺·里沃绘制
His comments were echoed by Rory Johnson, an oil analyst at Commodity Context, who said Ukraine's attacks are "bringing the pain of the war to the Russian homeland and largely knocking the world's second-largest diesel exporter out of the market". Charts by Erwan Rivault
