河内——越南副总理范嘉禄（Pham Gia Tuc）周三在一个商业峰会上表示，越南已将贸易协议的“最终文本”发给美国，希望该协议能尽快签署。
HANOI -- Vietnam has sent its "final wording" for a trade agreement to the U.S. with hopes the deal can be quickly signed, Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Tuc told a business summit on Wednesday.
越南和美国于2025年4月开始就《互惠、公平和平衡贸易协定》展开谈判，并举行了七轮会谈。双方于2025年10月宣布了该协议的框架，但尚未最终敲定该协议。
Vietnam and the U.S. began negotiations on the Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade in April 2025 and have held seven rounds of talks. The two sides announced a framework for the agreement in October 2025, but have yet to finalize the deal.
范嘉禄在美国-越南商业峰会上表示：“越南和美国的两个谈判团队已基本完成对该协议的谈判。”
"The two negotiating teams from Vietnam and the United States have essentially completed negotiations on the agreement," Tuc said at the U.S.-Vietnam Business Summit.
他表示：“我们已将最终文本发送给美方，如果双方对该文本达成一致并尽快签署协议，它将为两国商界开辟更多新的机遇。”
"We have sent the final wording to the U.S. side, and if both sides reach agreement on it and sign the deal soon, it will open up greater new opportunities for the business communities of both countries," he said.
高度依赖出口的越南正面临华盛顿对其与美国的双边贸易顺差以及与中国日益加深的贸易联系的越来越严格的审查，人们担心中国商品可能会经由越南转口以规避美国关税。
Export-reliant Vietnam faces growing scrutiny from Washington over its bilateral trade surplus with the U.S. and its deepening trade links with China, amid concerns that Chinese goods could be routed through Vietnam to circumvent U.S. tariffs.
根据越南官方数据，今年前九个月，越南对美国的贸易顺差达到1226亿美元，比去年同期增长24%。相比之下，2025年全年的顺差为1339亿美元。越南今年有望超越中国和墨西哥，成为美国最大的贸易逆差伙伴国。
Vietnam's trade surplus with the U.S. reached $122.6 billion in the first nine months of this year, up 24% from a year earlier, according to official Vietnamese data. That compares with a surplus of $133.9 billion for the whole of 2025. Vietnam is on track to surpass China and Mexico this year to become the U.S.'s largest trade deficit partner.
与此同时，1月至9月，越南对中国的贸易逆差同比攀升43%，达到121.5亿美元。
Meanwhile, Vietnam's trade deficit with China climbed 43% year on year to $121.5 billion in January-September.
河内方面已承诺解决美国对转运问题的担忧，同时加大了打击贸易欺诈和假冒商品的执法力度。
Hanoi has pledged to address U.S. concerns over transshipment, while stepping up enforcement against trade fraud and counterfeit goods.
华盛顿是否认为河内的最新提议足以解决长期存在的贸易失衡、转口、市场准入及其他壁垒问题仍不清楚。美国官员在周三峰会上的言论表明，即使双方正朝着达成协议迈进，华盛顿仍专注于减少贸易失衡和解决市场准入问题。
It remains unclear whether Washington views Hanoi's latest proposal as sufficient to address long-standing concerns over the trade imbalance, transshipment, market access and other barriers. Remarks by U.S. officials at Wednesday's summit suggested Washington remains focused on reducing the trade imbalance and addressing market access concerns even as the two sides move toward a deal.
“减少这一赤字并为建立平衡的贸易关系铺平道路是美国的首要任务，”美国商务部助理部长大卫·福格尔在峰会上播放的预录讲话中表示。
"Reducing this deficit and paving the way for a balanced trade relationship is a top priority of the United States," said David Fogel, U.S. assistant secretary of commerce, in a prerecorded speech shown at the summit.
“我希望越南和美国能够继续努力，达成互惠贸易协议，通过我们促成交易和解决非关税贸易壁垒的工作，推动我们的贸易关系重新平衡，”他说。
"I am hopeful that Vietnam and the United States will continue working toward an agreement on reciprocal trade that facilitates a rebalancing of our trade ties through our work facilitating deals and addressing non-tariff barriers to trade," he said.
在周三峰会上播放的预录讲话中，美国国务院东亚及太平洋事务助理部长迈克尔·德桑布尔表示，越南需要采取“大胆行动”来应对贸易失衡。
In a prerecorded speech shown at the summit on Wednesday, Michael DeSombre, assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, said Vietnam needed to make "bold moves" to address the trade imbalance.
“这一过程始于与美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）达成互惠贸易协议，”德桑布尔说，他指的是美国贸易代表。他还敦促越南重新考虑对外资所有权的限制，特别是在外资持股比例被限制在50%以下的行业。
"This starts with concluding the agreement on reciprocal trade with the USTR," DeSombre said, referring to the United States Trade Representative. He also urged Vietnam to reconsider restrictions on foreign ownership, particularly in industries where foreign stakes are capped below 50%.
德桑布尔呼吁河内解决非关税壁垒，包括机动车安全和排放标准、进口许可要求，以及影响数据、医疗器械和医药产品的监管障碍。越南的出口也面临着已有关税之外的额外关税风险。
DeSombre called on Hanoi to address non-tariff barriers, including motor vehicle safety and emissions standards, import licensing requirements, and regulatory hurdles affecting data, medical devices and pharmaceuticals. Vietnamese exports are also facing additional tariff risks beyond the duties already in effect.
美国根据《301条款》对越南输美商品征收12.5%的关税，原因是调查认定若干国家未能有效禁止使用强迫劳动生产的商品进口。该措施于7月生效，但需符合产品豁免条件。
The U.S. imposed a 12.5% tariff on imports from Vietnam under a Section 301 investigation into countries' failure to effectively prohibit imports of goods produced with forced labor. The measure took effect in July, subject to product exemptions.
美国商会副总裁约翰·戈耶10月14日在河内举行的美越商业峰会上发言。他警告称，越南出口商品可能会因待决的贸易调查而面临额外的美国关税。（美国商会）然而，美国商会副总裁约翰·戈耶表示，豁免意味着实际的关税负担要低得多。
John Goyer, vice president at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, speaks at the U.S.-Vietnam Business Summit in Hanoi on Oct. 14. He warned that Vietnamese exports could face additional U.S. tariffs from pending trade investigations. (American Chamber of Commerce) However, exemptions mean the effective tariff burden is considerably lower, said John Goyer, a vice president at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
在过去的六个月里，越南对美出口商品的平均实际关税税率一直在6.5%至略高于7%的范围内。戈耶在峰会上表示，8月份，大约62%的越南出口商品免关税进入美国。
Over the past six months, the average effective tariff rate on Vietnamese exports to the U.S. had been in the range of 6.5% to slightly above 7%. In August, about 62% of Vietnamese exports entered the U.S. duty-free, Goyer told the summit.
越南还面临来自其他美国贸易调查的潜在额外关税。戈耶说，正在进行的《232条款》审查可能会影响目前免关税的越南出口商品的87%。针对制造业产能过剩的另一项《301条款》调查结果尚未公布，而针对知识产权保护的又一项《301条款》调查可能会导致进一步的关税。
Vietnam also faces potential additional duties from other U.S. trade investigations. Pending Section 232 reviews could affect 87% of the now duty-free Vietnamese exports, Goyer said. The results of a separate Section 301 investigation into manufacturing overcapacity have yet to be released, while another Section 301 probe into intellectual property protection could lead to further tariffs.
戈耶说：“华盛顿的决策者越来越关注许多国家对美出口商品中中国成分的数量。”他援引白宫8月的一份报告称，一些国家主要充当中国出口商品的通道，而没有在当地增加实质性价值。
"Policymakers in Washington are increasingly focused on the amount of Chinese content in many countries' exports to the U.S.," Goyer said, citing an August White House report arguing that some countries serve primarily as conduits for Chinese exports without substantial value being added locally.
他说：“我们不知道会出台什么样的政策回应（如果有的话），但这显然是美国政治家和官员们正在考虑的问题。这代表了企业在做出投资决策时必须考虑的额外不确定性。”
"We don't know what policy response, if any, may come from that, but it's clearly on the minds of U.S. politicians and officials," he said. "It represents an additional uncertainty that companies must consider as they make investment decisions."