解决基金会警告称，禁止焦虑症、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）或自闭症患者申领残疾福利，既不会带来显著的财政节省，反而可能使他们更难获得或保持工作、参与社会。
Banning people with anxiety, ADHD or autism from claiming disability benefits would not deliver major financial savings and would probably make it harder for them to get or stay in a job and participate in society, a leading thinktank has warned.
该智库表示，任何将特定心理健康和神经发育性疾病排除在个人独立付款（PIP）之外的提议，都将是“粗暴的改动”，旨在实现不切实际的节省目标。
Resolution Foundation said any proposals to make certain mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions ineligible for personal independence payments (Pip) would be "crude changes" aimed at hitting unrealistic savings targets.
但它同时警告称，PIP在“多个方面”正“失效”，并呼吁进行重大改革，以控制成本——目前成本正以“不可持续”的速度上升——并恢复公众对一项被广泛视为不公平和失灵的福利的信任。
But it warned that Pip was "failing on several fronts" and called for a major overhaul to keep a lid on costs – currently rising at an "unsustainable" rate – and restore public trust in a benefit widely seen as unfair and dysfunctional.
该机构称，如果PIP支持能够更精准地发放，每年可节省约44亿英镑。现金支持可能从估计的六分之一（约67万名）有工作能力的PIP领取者中撤回，这些人表示其残疾并未导致额外费用。
About £4.4bn a year could be saved if Pip support was better targeted, it said. Cash support could be removed from an estimated one in six working-age Pip claimants (670,000) who report having no extra costs as a result of their disability.
然而，它补充道，任何改革都应谨慎推进，因为PIP在确保大量残疾和病患者能够参与“具有经济价值”的活动方面取得了成功，例如工作、照护、培训或志愿服务——这些活动他们否则无法开展。
However, it added that any reforms should proceed with caution because of the success of Pip in ensuring high numbers of disabled and ill people were able to participate in "economically valuable" activities, such as work, caring, training or volunteering, that they would not be able to do otherwise.
近年来，官方对PIP的担忧持续上升，部分原因是领取人数快速增长，尤其是年轻人群体，而这一激增很大程度上与心理健康、ADHD和自闭症的申领增加有关。
Official concern over Pip has soared in recent years, in part because of the rapidly rising number of claimants, particularly among young people, with much of that sharp increase linked to claims for mental health, ADHD and autism.
自2014年PIP在英格兰和威尔士推出以来，其实际支出已增长183%。根据官方预测，今年的支出账单预计为280亿英镑，到本十年末将升至340亿英镑。
Spending on Pip in England and Wales has risen in real terms by 183% since it was introduced in 2014. This year the bill is expected to be £28bn, rising to £34bn by the end of the decade, according to official forecasts.
上届由基尔·斯塔默领导的工党政府曾试图推行对PIP削减50亿英镑的“粗暴”节省措施，但去年因后座议员的叛乱而失败。他的继任者安迪·伯纳姆表示，重新启动的福利改革尝试不会涉及“粗暴削减”。
Attempts by the previous Labour administration under Keir Starmer to push through £5bn of crude savings to Pip collapsed last year amid a rebellion of backbench MPs. His successor, Andy Burnham, has said renewed attempts to reform benefits would not involve "crude cuts".
福利官员们正等待福利部长斯蒂芬·蒂姆斯对Pip的官方审查以及米尔本审查青年就业危机的结果，据悉他们正在考虑将25岁以下人群排除在Pip体系之外的提议。
Welfare officials, who are awaiting an official review of Pip by welfare minister Stephen Timms and the Milburn review of the youth jobs crisis, are understood to be considering proposals to exclude under-25s from the Pip system.
Pip也因此陷入文化战争的争议之中，一些人，如保守党领袖凯米·巴登诺赫认为，它不应发放给患有所谓“轻度”病症的申领人——这些病症既不致残，也不太可能导致日常生活成本显著上升。
Pip has also found itself at the heart of culture war rows, with some, such as the Tory leader, Kemi Badenoch arguing it should not be paid to claimants with so-called "mild" conditions that were not disabling or likely to incur higher daily living costs.
决议基金会表示，试图将Pip奖励与特定病症挂钩是简单化且不切实际的，因为大多数申领人报告了多种病症——常见的是身体、心理和行为问题的组合。
The Resolution Foundation said attempting to link Pip awards to particular conditions was simplistic and impractical as most claimants reported multiple conditions – often combining physical, mental and behavioural conditions.
该智库研究总监林赛·贾奇表示：“Pip是残疾人士的一项重要福利，它使他们能够参与社会并过上更充实、更积极的生活。但目前的体系在多个方面存在失效——申领人不信任它，奖励无法充分反映当下残疾的真实情况，且支出正以不可持续的方式增长。”
Lindsay Judge, the thinktank's research director, said: "Pip is a vital benefit for disabled people that enables them to participate in society and live fuller and more active lives. But the current system is failing on several fronts – claimants don't trust it, awards don't fully reflect the nature of disability today and spending is rising unsustainably.
“除了继续提供现金奖励以帮助应对持续的额外费用外，改革后的Pip体系应着重于支持残疾人士参与社会。一个更贴近人们需求的体系也意味着，目前大约六分之一的Pip领取者——他们因残疾而没有面临显著限制或产生额外费用——将不再有资格获得现金支持。”
"As well as continuing to provide cash awards to help with ongoing additional costs, a reformed Pip system should focus on supporting disabled people to participate in society. A system more attuned to people's needs would also mean that around one in six current Pip recipients who don't face significant limitations or additional costs because of their disability would no longer qualify for cash support.
没有完善的残障支持体系，但一个更能反映人们常常存在多种且波动性状况的体系必须在需要的地方提供更大的支持和参与，在不需要的地方避免浪费。
"There is no perfect system of disability support, but one that better reflects the fact that people often have multiple and fluctuating conditions must target greater support and engagement where it's needed, and avoid waste where it's not."
工作与养老金部发言人表示：“个人独立生活津贴（PIP）的发放基于功能性评估，该评估用于确定某种状况如何影响一个人的日常需求。但正如蒂姆斯审查报告所明确指出的，PIP已不再适用，其最终报告中的建议将为可持续改革奠定基础。”
A Department for Work and Pensions spokesperson said: "Pip is awarded based on a functional assessment that determines how a condition impacts a person's day-to-day needs. But as the Timms Review report made clear, Pip is no longer fit for purpose and the recommendations from its final report will lay the foundation for sustainable reform."