拉巴斯，玻利维亚——智利总统何塞·安东尼奥·卡斯特周五抵达邻国玻利维亚，进行智利领导人时隔七十多年来的首次国事访问，南美洲的右翼重新排列正在重塑长期存在的敌对关系。
LA PAZ, Bolivia — Chilean President José Antonio Kast arrived in neighboring Bolivia on Friday for the first state visit by a Chilean leader in more than seven decades, as a rightward realignment in South America reshapes long-standing rivalries.
卡斯特和玻利维亚总统罗德里戈·帕斯都是最近当选的保守派，与美国总统唐纳德·特朗普结盟，两人都在寻求缓和紧张关系。玻利维亚在19世纪的一场战争中失去了太平洋海岸线，关系自此紧张。两国政府已加入特朗普政府的“美洲盾牌”反毒品走私联盟，这是华盛顿在拉丁美洲与志同道合的领导人建立安全伙伴关系的更广泛推动的一部分。
Kast and Bolivian President Rodrigo Paz , both recently elected conservatives allied with U.S. President Donald Trump , are seeking to thaw relations strained since Bolivia lost its Pacific coastline to Chile in a 19th-century war. The two governments have joined the Trump administration’s “ Shield of the Americas ” coalition against drug trafficking, part of a broader push by Washington to build security partnerships with like-minded leaders across Latin America.
这两个邻国自1978年以来一直没有大使级关系，尽管他们维持着领事馆，并在移民和贸易等问题上合作。官员表示，恢复全面外交关系不在议程之上。
The neighbors have not had ambassador-level relations since 1978, though they maintain consulates and cooperate on issues such as immigration and trade. Restoring full diplomatic ties was not on the agenda, officials said.
“为时过早。要改变关系的处理方式，还有路要走，这需要时间，”玻利维亚总统府部长费尔南多·阿拉马约说。“这是关于互利协议的问题。”玻利维亚当局在总统府外的穆里略广场铺设了红地毯，帕斯在那里以军事礼仪迎接卡斯特。两位领导人原定讨论贸易和安全，包括打击其861公里（535英里）多孔边境沿线有组织犯罪的努力，并签署矿业和能源合作协议。
“It’s too early. There’s a path to work on to change the approach to relations, and it will take time,” Bolivian Minister of the Presidency Fernando Aramayo said. “It’s aboutg mutually beneficial agreements.”Bolivian authorities rolled out a red carpet in Plaza Murillo, the square outside the presidential palace, where Paz greeted Kast with military honors. The two leaders were scheduled to discuss trade and security, including efforts to combat organized crime along their porous 861-kilometer (535-mile) border, and to sign deals on mining and energy cooperation.
“今天，时隔71年，一位智利总统重返拉巴斯进行正式访问，”卡斯特在X上写道。“让我们开始共同构建我们国家的未来。”会谈之际，帕斯正面临抗议，原因是他决定取消燃油补贴。玻利维亚曾向邻国出口天然气，如今却面临燃油短缺和碳氢化合物产量下降的困境。
“Today, after 71 years, a president of Chile returns on an official visit to La Paz,” Kast wrote on X. “Let’s begin to build the future of our nations together.”The talks come as Paz faces protests over his decision to scrap fuel subsidies in a country that once exported natural gas to its neighbors but now struggles with fuel shortages and declining hydrocarbon production .
两国都有实际的合作理由。自1879-84年太平洋战争以来成为内陆国的玻利维亚，约有70%的对外贸易通过智利北部的港口进行。帕斯向智利提供了进入巴拉圭-巴拉那水道的通道，该水道连接巴西、巴拉圭、阿根廷和乌拉圭通往大西洋。
Both countries have practical reasons to cooperate. Landlocked since the 1879-84 War of the Pacific, Bolivia sends about 70% of its foreign trade through ports in northern Chile. Paz has offered Chile access to the Paraguay-Paraná waterway , which connects Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay to the Atlantic Ocean.
周五的议程中缺失了玻利维亚要求获得一条连通太平洋的陆地走廊的诉求——这一诉求曾定义了长期前总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯的外交政策。在莫拉莱斯这位社会主义激进派的领导下，玻利维亚曾将智利诉诸国际法院，以迫使就该主张进行谈判，但该案在2018年败诉。如今成为帕斯激烈批评者的莫拉莱斯表示，将该诉求排除在议程之外是“对历史记忆的冒犯。”
Absent from Friday’s agenda was Bolivia’s demand for a corridor of land connecting it to the Pacific, a cause that defined the foreign policy of longtime former President Evo Morales . Under the socialist firebrand , Bolivia took Chile to the International Court of Justice to force negotiations over the claim, a case it lost in 2018 . Morales, now a fierce critic of Paz, described leaving the claim off the agenda as “an affront to historical memory.”
阿拉马约表示，政府并未放弃该主张，但需要“创造条件来处理此事”。
Aramayo said the government had not abandoned the claim but needed to “create the conditions to work on this matter.”