塔塔电力公司总经理兼首席执行官普拉维尔·辛哈（Praveer Sinha）和GE Vernova输配电业务总经理兼首席执行官桑迪普·赞扎里亚（Sandeep Zanzaria）在接受CNBC-TV18采访时表示，印度的数据中心容量可能从目前的低于500兆瓦增长到2030年接近20吉瓦，到2035年达到50吉瓦，这将增加电力需求，并在电力行业各个领域创造机遇。
India’s data center capacity could rise from less than 500 megawatts currently to nearly 20 gigawatts by 2030 and 50 gigawatts by 2035, adding to electricity demand and creating opportunities across the power sector, Praveer Sinha, MD and CEO of Tata Power, and Sandeep Zanzaria, MD and CEO of GE Vernova T&D, said in an interview with CNBC-TV18.
满足这一需求不仅仅需要额外的发电。两位高管表示，印度需要及时投资于输电网络、配电基础设施和先进的电网设备，以确保在人工智能采用和数据中心扩张加速的情况下实现可靠的电力供应。辛哈表示，印度习惯于年均5%至6%的电力需求增长，但今年5月至9月期间，需求增长了约9%至10%。他表示，只要提前规划容量扩张，该国就能满足人工智能和数据中心带来的额外需求。
Meeting this demand will require more than additional power generation. The executives said India will need timely investment in transmission networks, distribution infrastructure and advanced grid equipment to ensure reliable electricity supply as AI adoption and data center expansion gather pace. Sinha said India was accustomed to annual power demand growth of 5% to 6%, but demand grew by around 9% to 10% between May and September this year. He said the country could accommodate the additional requirements from AI and data centers, provided capacity expansion was planned in advance.
赞扎里亚表示，数据中心将是特别苛刻的客户，因为它们需要高度可靠的电力供应。“他们将是非常苛刻的客户，需要极其可靠的供应，”他说，并补充称，他们愿意为可靠性付费的意愿可能改善电力行业的经济效益。发电容量将扩大印度的装机发电容量已从2000年的约100吉瓦增长到目前的约550吉瓦。辛哈表示，该国计划到本十年末达到近750吉瓦的装机容量，到2035年达到约1150吉瓦。
Zanzaria said data centers would be particularly demanding customers because they require highly reliable power supplies.“They will be very demanding customers and will need an extremely reliable supply,” he said, adding that their willingness to pay for reliability could improve the economics of the power sector. Power generation capacity set to expandIndia’s installed power generation capacity has grown from around 100 gigawatts in 2000 to approximately 550 gigawatts currently. The country aims to reach nearly 750 gigawatts by the end of this decade and around 1,150 gigawatts by 2035, Sinha said.
印度去年新增了53吉瓦的容量，今年预计新增60吉瓦。可再生能源，尤其是太阳能，推动了这一扩张的很大部分。
India added 53 gigawatts of capacity last year and is expected to add 60 gigawatts this year. Renewable energy, particularly solar power, has driven much of this expansion.
太阳能装机容量已从十年前的约5吉瓦增加到目前的170吉瓦，预计到2030年将达到290吉瓦，到2035年将接近470吉瓦。然而，太阳能和风能发电具有间歇性，当可再生能源无法使用时，煤炭仍将发挥重要作用。辛哈表示，随着可再生能源容量的扩大，能源存储将成为平衡供需的关键。电池储能容量可能从目前的约3吉瓦增加到未来10年内的近80吉瓦，而抽水蓄能容量则可能从约7吉瓦增加到2035年的85吉瓦。
Solar capacity has increased from around five gigawatts a decade ago to 170 gigawatts currently and could reach 290 gigawatts by 2030 and nearly 470 gigawatts by 2035. However, solar and wind generation is intermittent, and coal continues to play an important role when renewable sources are unavailable. Sinha said energy storage would be critical to balancing supply and demand as renewable capacity expands. Battery storage capacity could rise from around three gigawatts currently to nearly 80 gigawatts over the next 10 years, while pumped storage capacity could increase from about seven gigawatts to 85 gigawatts by 2035.
电池储能可提供约四小时的额外供电，而抽水蓄能则可供电八到九小时。辛哈表示，可再生能源在2037年至2040年间可能占电力结构的更大比重，但他警告称，如果没有核能等替代方案，煤炭使用量不一定会降至零。输电和电网升级变得至关重要随着可再生能源容量的扩大，将电力从发电中心输送到用户端将成为一项重大挑战。
Battery storage could provide around four additional hours of power, while pumped storage could supply electricity for eight to nine hours. Sinha said renewable energy could account for a larger share of the power mix between 2037 and 2040, but cautioned that coal use would not necessarily fall to zero without alternatives such as nuclear power. Transmission and grid upgrades become criticalAs renewable energy capacity expands, moving electricity from generation centres to consumers will be a major challenge.
赞扎里亚表示，太阳能发电主要集中在古吉拉特邦和拉贾斯坦邦等州，而风能资源则主要位于泰米尔纳德邦和卡纳塔克邦。与此同时，用电需求中心遍布全国。“当前最大的挑战是将电力从发电站输送到负荷中心，”赞扎里亚说。他解释说，输电网络必须能够承载太阳能电站的全部可用输出，尽管其厂用负荷率通常仅为22%至23%。
Zanzaria said solar generation was concentrated in states such as Gujarat and Rajasthan, while wind resources were mainly located in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Demand centres, meanwhile, were spread across the country.“The biggest challenge today is transmitting power from generating stations to load centres,” Zanzaria said. He explained that transmission networks must be able to carry the full available output of a solar power plant, even though its plant load factor is typically around 22% to 23%.
这需要能够承受峰值发电的基础设施。赞扎里亚表示，需要高压直流输电走廊来实现远距离电力传输。
This requires infrastructure capable of handling peak generation. Zanzaria said high-voltage direct current corridors would be needed to transmit electricity over long distances.
静止同步补偿器和同步电容器将有助于调节电压和管理不断变化的电力流动，而随着电网运营日益复杂，数字系统将变得越来越重要。该行业通过基于电价的竞争性投标模式吸引了投资。扎纳里亚表示，一旦项目投入运行，输电资产将被视为相对安全的投资，使开发商能够以具有竞争力的利率再融资债务。然而，土地征收、通行权问题和供应链限制仍在延迟一些项目。
Static synchronous compensators and synchronous condensers would help regulate voltage and manage changing power flows, while digital systems would become increasingly important as grid operations grew more complex. The sector has attracted investment through the tariff-based competitive bidding model. Zanzaria said transmission assets were considered relatively safe investments once projects were commissioned, allowing developers to refinance debt at competitive rates. However, land acquisition, rights-of-way issues and supply chain constraints continue to delay some projects.
这些延迟可能会阻碍可再生能源容量完全并入电网。人工智能也可能改善电网管理人工智能不仅会增加电力需求，还可能帮助公用事业公司更高效地管理电力网络。辛哈表示，数字技术可以改善需求和供应预测，实现电网的实时管理，并使电力网络更具韧性。他表示，仅靠发电容量不足以满足未来需求。输电网络必须做好准备，以疏散额外的电力，而配电系统则需要升级以适应不断增长的消费。
These delays can prevent renewable energy capacity from being fully integrated into the grid.AI could also improve grid managementAI will not only add to electricity demand but could also help utilities manage power networks more efficiently. Sinha said digital technologies could improve demand and supply forecasting, enable real-time grid management and make electricity networks more resilient. He said generation capacity alone would not be enough to meet future requirements. Transmission networks must be ready to evacuate the additional power, while distribution systems will need upgrades to accommodate rising consumption.
辛哈以孟买电力需求的增长为例，指出配电投资的必要性，并补充称，需要更高的资本支出和更先进的设备。扎纳里亚表示，电力公司的机遇不仅限于人工智能数据中心和可再生能源。利用绿色电力生产绿氢的扩张也可能在未来十年为发电和输电基础设施创造额外需求。行业寻求政策一致性和更快的决策这些高管表示，可预测的政策环境对于维持电力行业的投资至关重要。扎纳里亚表示，政策一致性至关重要，特别是随着外国资本流入该行业。
Sinha pointed to growing electricity demand in Mumbai as an example of the need for distribution investment, adding that higher capital expenditure and more sophisticated equipment would be required. Zanzaria said the opportunity for power companies extended beyond AI data centers and renewable energy. The expansion of green hydrogen production using green electricity could also create additional demand for generation and transmission infrastructure over the coming decade. Industry seeks policy consistency and faster decisionsThe executives said a predictable policy environment would be important to sustain investment in the power sector. Zanzaria said policy consistency was critical, particularly as foreign capital flowed into the sector.
他还呼吁继续支持“印度制造”倡议。辛哈表示，政府需要加快决策进程，并改善电力部、煤炭部、新能源和可再生能源部以及各州政府之间的协调。他表示，一个部门或政府作出的决定常常会影响其他部门，因此协调至关重要，因为印度正在为其未来能源需求的规模和复杂性做准备。
He also called for continued support for the Make in India initiative. Sinha said the government needed to accelerate decision-making and improve coordination between the Ministry of Power, the Ministry of Coal, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and state governments. He said decisions taken by one ministry or government often affected others, making coordination essential as India prepared for the scale and complexity of its future energy requirements.