Apoorva Mandavilli 结束新生儿常规乙肝疫苗接种可能导致慢性感染病例急剧增加，使超过一半的美国人在20岁前面临风险，一项研究发现。
Apoorva Mandavilli Ending routine hepatitis B shots for newborns could raise chronic infections sharply and leave more than half of Americans at risk by age 20, a study found.
由Amir Mohareb领导的研究人员模拟了每年360万例出生。将疫苗接种推迟至两个月将使慢性病例增加19%，从255例增至303例。
Researchers led by Amir Mohareb modelled 3.6 million births a year. Delaying vaccination to two months would lift chronic cases by 19%, from 255 to 303.
共同决策政策可能使慢性感染增加83%，达到每年467例。联邦法官已暂时阻止Kennedy在12月和1月的疫苗政策变动。
A shared decision-making policy could raise chronic infections by 83% to 467 cases a year. A federal judge has temporarily blocked Kennedy’s December and January vaccine changes.
AI生成 终止对所有新生儿进行乙肝疫苗接种的做法，正如卫生部长Robert F. Kennedy Jr所建议的那样，将显著增加慢性感染病例数量，并使超过一半的美国人在20岁前面临感染风险，根据一项于10月20日发表的新研究所述。
AI generated Ending the practice of immunising all newborns against hepatitis B, as Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr has recommended, would sharply increase the number of chronic infections and put more than half of Americans at risk of the disease by age 20, according to a new study published on Oct 20.
乙肝是一种高度传染性的病毒，可导致肝硬化、肝衰竭和肝癌。为预防感染，美国医生数十年来一直在出生后24小时内为所有婴儿接种第一剂乙肝疫苗——对于母亲已知感染乙肝的婴儿，则在出生后12小时内接种。
Hepatitis B is a highly contagious virus that can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer. To prevent infections, doctors in the United States have for decades administered the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine to all babies within 24 hours of birth – and within 12 hours to infants whose mother is known to be infected.
但在2025年12月，Kennedy挑选的顾问小组建议，父母应自行决定是否以及何时让出生于乙肝检测呈阴性母亲的婴儿接种疫苗。该小组表示，在这些情况下，父母应决定“不早于婴儿2个月大时”。
But in December 2025, a panel of advisers chosen by Kennedy recommended that parents should decide whether, or when, infants should get the shot if they were born to mothers who test negative for hepatitis B. In those cases, the group said, parents should decide “no earlier than 2 months of age”.
Kennedy及其同事认为，乙肝主要通过性传播，除非母亲感染，否则婴儿不需要这种保护。但病毒也可能通过不知感染者传播，以及通过感染者使用的家庭物品传播。
Kennedy and his associates have argued that hepatitis B is primarily a sexually transmitted disease and that babies do not need the protection unless their mothers are infected. But the virus can be spread by people who do not know they have it, as well as by household objects used by an infected person.
1月，Kennedy提出了一项新的儿童疫苗接种时间表，在这种安排下，疫苗将通过共享临床决策方式提供——也就是说，在与医疗保健提供者咨询之后。
In January, Kennedy proposed a new childhood vaccination schedule in which the vaccine would be offered under a shared clinical decision-making approach – that is, after consultation with a healthcare provider.
3月，一名联邦法官暂时阻止了12月和1月建议的实施。但诉讼仍在继续。
In March, a federal judge temporarily blocked the implementation of the December and January recommendations. But the lawsuit continues.
麻萨诸塞州总医院和哈佛医学院传染病医生阿米尔·莫哈雷布领导了这项研究，他和同事们模拟了改变乙肝疫苗接种政策对一年内估计出生的360万婴儿的潜在影响。
Amir Mohareb, an infectious diseases physician at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School who led the study, and his colleagues modelled the potential impact of changing hepatitis B vaccination policy on the estimated 3.6 million infants born in a single year.
研究发现，将婴儿乙肝疫苗接种时间从出生改为两个月大，将使20岁前获得的慢性乙肝感染增加19%，从每年平均255例增加至303例。
Immunising babies at two months of age rather than at birth would increase chronic hepatitis B infections acquired by age 20 by 19%, from an average of 255 cases per year to 303, the study found.
改为共同决策政策将使慢性感染增加83%，达到每年平均467例，并导致每年出生的超过50%的儿童在进入成年时易感染病毒。研究结果发表在《内科学年鉴》期刊上。
Switching to a shared decision-making policy would increase chronic infections by 83%, to an average of 467 cases, and would result in more than 50% of children born each year entering adulthood susceptible to infection. The findings were published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine.
卫生及公众服务部未予置评。纽约时报 本文首发于《纽约时报》。
The Department of Health and Human Services did not provide comment. NYTIMES This article originally appeared in The New York Times.