从通过卫星图像探测巴勒斯坦民居的变化，到在军事检查站扫描人脸、识别人员以实施致命打击，以色列不断扩大的人工智能应用正引发担忧：自动化技术正被用来控制巴勒斯坦人的生活。
From detecting changes to Palestinian homes through satellite imagery to scanning faces at military checkpoints and identifying people for deadly strikes, Israel's expanding use of artificial intelligence is raising concerns about how automated technology is being used to control Palestinian lives.
在被占领的约旦河西岸，人工智能驱动的系统正帮助以色列当局监控土地、建筑和人员流动，这令人担心该技术可能为拆毁房屋提供便利，并加速民众流离失所。
In the occupied West Bank, AI-powered systems are helping Israeli authorities monitor land, buildings and movement, raising fears that the technology could facilitate demolitions and accelerate displacement.
在加沙，相关调查记录了一些说法，即人工智能生成的疑似目标名单被用于为军事打击提供依据，以色列情报官员描述了有时仅耗时数秒的审批流程。
In Gaza, investigations have documented accounts of AI-generated lists of suspected targets being used to inform military strikes, with Israeli intelligence officers describing approval processes that sometimes took just seconds.
“这完全是种族隔离式的自动化，”哈马德·本·哈利法大学人工智能教授、SinaLab主任穆斯塔法·贾拉尔对阿纳多卢通讯社说。
"it's all apartheid automation," Mustafa Jarrar, professor of AI at Hamad Bin Khalifa University, and director of SinaLab, told Anadolu.
“现在的新情况是，人工智能不仅在收集和分析信息，还能下达命令，”他说。
"What is new now is that the AI is not only collecting and analyzing, but also can make orders," he said.
巴勒斯坦研究人员贾拉勒·阿布哈特尔警告说，不断扩大的监控系统正在帮助强化以色列的控制。
Palestinian researcher Jalal Abukhater warned that the expanding surveillance systems were helping reinforce Israeli control.
“行为模式、行动轨迹、与你交谈的人，这一切都被监控，并服务于一个目的：帮助以色列占领当局支配和控制这些民众，”阿布哈特尔对阿纳多卢通讯社说。他是巴勒斯坦数字权利组织“7amleh”的政策经理。
"The pattern of behavior, the movement, the people you speak to, it's all monitored and going to one purpose: to aid the Israeli occupation in dominating and controlling this population," Abukhater, the policy manager for Palestinian digital rights organization 7amleh, told Anadolu.
半岛电视台9月17日的一篇报道重点介绍了ImiSight，据称这是一款人工智能驱动的工具，用于识别建筑和土地的变化，帮助以色列当局发现其认为未经批准的建筑物，并将其列为执法目标。
A Sept. 17 report by Al Jazeera highlighted ImiSight, an AI-powered tool reportedly used to identify changes to buildings and land, helping Israeli authorities detect structures they consider unauthorized and target them for enforcement.
该技术最初用于纳卡布沙漠，那里的巴勒斯坦贝都因裔以色列公民面临限制性的建筑政策和房屋拆毁，据报道，该技术已被引入被占领的约旦河西岸，这引发了人们对利用自动化监控扩大以色列对巴勒斯坦土地控制的担忧。
Initially used in the Naqab desert, where Palestinian Bedouin citizens of Israel face restrictive building policies and demolitions, the technology has reportedly been introduced in the occupied West Bank, raising concerns about the use of automated surveillance to expand Israeli control over Palestinian land.
以色列媒体2025年1月援引以色列土地管理局的数据报道称，ImiSight在2024年协助测绘了约10735平方公里（4145平方英里）的区域。
Israeli media reported in January 2025, citing Israel Land Authority figures, that ImiSight helped survey about 10,735 square kilometers (4,145 square miles) in 2024.
该局表示，在系统侦测和实地检查之后，共启动了约495起执法程序。执法行动促成了数千名以色列境内的巴勒斯坦贝都因公民被驱逐。
The authority said it opened about 495 enforcement proceedings following detections by the system and inspections on the ground. Enforcement operations contributed to the eviction of thousands of Palestinian Bedouin citizens of Israel.
贾拉尔解释说，人工智能系统可以比对不同时间拍摄的卫星图像，以发现建筑物的变化并将其标记出来以供进一步检查，从而使当局能够识别可能面临执法行动的建筑物。
Jarrar explained that AI systems can compare satellite images taken at different times to detect changes to structures and flag them for further inspection, allowing authorities to identify buildings for potential enforcement action.
研究人员阿布哈特尔表示，在此类系统部署之前，这一流程需要官员先实地检查现场，之后当局才会派出力量和推土机拆除建筑物。
Researcher Abukhater said that before such systems were deployed, the process required officials to inspect sites in person before authorities sent forces and bulldozers to demolish structures.
“这需要，你知道，由人工进入现场进行检查和核实，”阿布哈特尔警告说，并补充称此类技术可能会加快拆除速度，并加深以色列对巴勒斯坦社区的控制。
“It would require, you know, human individuals going in to check and verifying,” Abukhater warned, adding that such technologies could accelerate demolitions and deepen Israeli control over Palestinian communities.
据报道，该技术的推广正值被占领的约旦河西岸巴勒斯坦建筑物遭拆除数量不断上升之际。
The technology's reported expansion comes amid rising demolitions of Palestinian structures in the occupied West Bank.
在整个约旦河西岸（包括东耶路撒冷），截至联合国人道主义事务协调厅（OCHA）9月发布报告时，2026年已有超过1100座建筑物被拆除，导致1500多名巴勒斯坦人流离失所。
Across the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, more than 1,100 structures had been demolished in 2026 by the time of UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)'s September reporting, displacing more than 1,500 Palestinians.
根据OCHA的数据，以色列因缺乏建筑许可而在C区拆除建筑物的年均数量上升了约80%，从2010年至2022年的537座增至2023年至2025年的966座。
According to OCHA data, the annual average number of structures demolished by Israel in Area C over lack of building permits rose about 80%, from 537 in 2010-2022 to 966 in 2023-2025.
C区约占约旦河西岸的60%，仍处于以色列的完全行政和安全控制之下。巴勒斯坦人在获得建筑许可方面面临严格限制，导致许多建筑物容易被拆除。
Area C accounts for roughly 60% of the West Bank and remains under full Israeli administrative and security control. Palestinians face severe restrictions on obtaining construction permits, leaving many structures vulnerable to demolition.
据联合国称，2025年4月，以色列土地管理局成立了一个在约旦河西岸开展行动的执法单位。
In April 2025, an Israel Land Authority enforcement unit was established to operate in the West Bank, according to the UN.
以色列人权组织“Peace Now”将这一举措视为吞并领土的步骤；联合国则警告称，此举会加剧对建筑许可的歧视性执行力度，进一步导致巴勒斯坦人流离失所。
Israeli rights group Peace Now described the move as a step toward annexation, while the UN warned it would intensify discriminatory building-permit enforcement and deepen Palestinian displacement.
2025年3月，ImiSight公司表示，其技术通过卫星图像、无人机和航拍手段帮助相关机构识别未经授权的土地使用行为，从而减少了执法过程中的延误。该公司在一篇博客文章中写道：“多年来，人工智能带来的数据分析成果彻底改变了执法方式，减少了延误，使现场行动更加迅速、有效。”
In March 2025, ImiSight said its technology helped the authority identify unauthorized land use through satellite imagery, drones and aerial photography, reducing delays in enforcement. “Years of AI-driven insights have transformed enforcement operations, reducing delays and enabling rapid, effective action in the field!” the company said in a blog post.
Abukhater估计，自从这些基于人工智能的系统投入使用以来，拆除建筑的数量增加了一倍。他补充说：“这些系统的设计目的就是为了巩固以色列的占领地位，为以色列军队提供更多工具，以便加速针对巴勒斯坦社区的行动。”
Abukhater estimated that the number of demolitions carried out since the introduction of these AI-supported systems has doubled. "These entire systems are designed in a way to entrench the occupation, to empower the occupation with tools that could accelerate its actions against Palestinian communities," he added.
监控措施不仅针对土地和建筑物，还延伸到了生活在被占领土上的民众。
Surveillance extends beyond land and buildings to the people living in the occupied territory.
2023年5月，国际特赦组织（Amnesty International）记录了以色列在希伯伦（Hebron）的军事检查站使用了名为“Red Wolf”的面部识别系统。该系统在未经巴勒斯坦人同意的情况下扫描他们的面部信息，并将其与生物识别数据库进行比对，以判断他们是否可以通行。国际特赦组织还提到了以色列军队使用的“Blue Wolf”智能手机应用程序以及“Wolf Pack”数据库——这些工具被用来收集和获取有关巴勒斯坦人的信息。
In a May 2023 report, Amnesty International documented Israel's use of Red Wolf, a facial recognition system deployed at military checkpoints in Hebron. Red Wolf scans Palestinians' faces without their consent and compares them with biometric databases to help determine whether they can pass through checkpoints. Amnesty also documented the Blue Wolf smartphone application and Wolf Pack database, which Israeli forces use to collect and access information about Palestinians.
该组织指出，这些系统进一步限制了巴勒斯坦人的行动自由，尤其是在仍由以色列控制的希伯伦H2地区。此外，国际特赦组织还记录了在被占领的东耶路撒冷（East Jerusalem）普遍存在的监控现象，并警告称面部识别技术严重侵犯了人们的隐私权，阻碍了政治活动。
The organization said the systems reinforced restrictions on freedom of movement, particularly in Hebron's H2 area, which remains under Israeli control. It also documented extensive camera surveillance in occupied East Jerusalem, warning that facial recognition technology undermined privacy and discouraged political activity.
Abukhater表示，巴勒斯坦人在通过检查站时以及以色列军队突袭住宅时都会遭到拍照。
Abukhater said Palestinians were being photographed at both checkpoints and during military raids on homes.
“他们只是拿一部手机，拍下这个人的脸，”他说，并描述了士兵在检查站给巴勒斯坦人拍照的情况，即使对方没有出示身份证件。他还描述了夜间突袭行动，士兵在行动中给居民拍照，包括儿童。
"They just take a phone and take a photo of the person's face," he said, describing instances in which soldiers photographed Palestinians at checkpoints even when they did not present identification. He also described nighttime raids in which soldiers photographed residents, including children.
“士兵们有指标，他们被告知每天应该拍100个巴勒斯坦人，”他补充说。
"The soldiers have targets, and they are told that you should photograph 100 Palestinians a day," he added.
阿布哈特尔说，收集到的信息可用于建立巴勒斯坦人的详细档案，包括他们的行踪、人际关系和个人经历。
Abukhater said the information gathered could be used to build extensive profiles of Palestinians, including their movements, relationships and personal histories.
他将整个系统描述为“一座大监狱”，并说巴勒斯坦人受到限制其基本权利的监控。
He described the wider system as "a big prison" and said Palestinians were subjected to surveillance that restricted their fundamental rights.
贾拉尔说，来自摄像头、智能手机和车辆识别系统的信息可以结合起来，建立个人的详细档案。他还说，以色列军队会入侵巴勒斯坦人的私人摄像头。
Jarrar said information from cameras, smartphones and vehicle identification systems could be combined to build detailed profiles of individuals. He also said that Israeli forces hack Palestinians' private cameras.
“你识别人，你识别车辆……不同种类的物体，”他说。“你一直监控它们，这样你就能识别目标。”他解释说，人工智能还可以检测异常的出行模式，例如某人在拉马拉和纳布卢斯之间走了不同的路线。
"You identify human, you identify car … different kinds of objects," he said. "You monitor them all the time and so you identify targets." He explained that AI could also detect unusual travel patterns, such as someone taking a different route between Ramallah and Nablus.
“人工智能会检测到新的模式，然后会很快、基本上就是点击警报，”他说。
“AI will detect a new pattern and will quickly, basically click alarms,” he said.
除了在被占领的约旦河西岸记录到的、主要涉及监控和监视的系统之外，对以色列在加沙行动的调查还引发了对人工智能辅助军事目标定位的单独担忧。
Along with the system documented in the occupied West Bank primarily that involve monitoring and surveillance, investigations into Israel's operations in Gaza have raised separate concerns about AI-assisted military targeting.
《+972杂志》和《本地呼叫》2024年4月的一项调查基于对六名以色列情报官员的采访报道称，一个名为“薰衣草”的人工智能系统将嫌疑人识别为潜在轰炸目标，并在战争初期标记了多达3.7万名巴勒斯坦人。
An April 2024 investigation by +972 Magazine and Local Call, based on interviews with six Israeli intelligence officers, reported that an AI system known as Lavender identified suspects as potential bombing targets, and marked as many as 37,000 Palestinians during the early stages of the war.
一位情报消息来源形容，人员对系统推荐充当“橡皮图章”，有时在批准袭击前仅花约“20秒”审查一个目标。
One intelligence source described personnel acting as a "rubber stamp" for the system's recommendations, sometimes spending only about "20 seconds" reviewing a target before approving an attack.
贾拉尔警告称，这种快速批准流程可能几乎不留有意义审查的空间。
Jarrar warned that such rapid approval processes could leave little room for meaningful scrutiny.
“一切都是全自动的，”他形容他所描述的流程时说，称其“基本上就是机器杀人。”调查还识别出一个名为“爸爸在哪？”的系统，据报道用于追踪疑似目标并确定他们何时进入家庭住所。据获奖纪录片《NAZA》披露，有了该系统，一句简单的“爸爸回家了”就能触发轰炸。
"It's all fully automated," he said of the process he described, calling it "machine killing, basically." The investigation also identified a system known as Where's Daddy?, reportedly used to track suspected targets and determine when they entered their family homes. With the system, according to the award-winning NAZA documentary, a phrase as simple as “daddy’s home,” can trigger a bombing.
贾拉尔表示，此类技术的更广泛应用应引起该地区以外的政府和研究人员的关注。
Jarrar said the wider use of such technologies should concern governments and researchers beyond the region.
“以色列实际上在推动并鼓励其他国家做同样的事，”他说。“它在树立榜样。”阿布哈特尔警告称，此类技术的扩散也可能加速针对约旦河西岸巴勒斯坦人的侵犯行为。
"Israel is actually pushing and encouraging other countries to do the same," he said. "It's being a model." Abukhater warned that the spread of such technologies could accelerate violations against Palestinians in the West Bank as well.
他说：“我担心这些工具正在加速种族清洗计划，加深占领，巩固对被占约旦河西岸巴勒斯坦领土的吞并。”
"My concern is that these tools are accelerating the plans of ethnic cleansing, of entrenching the occupation, of solidifying the annexation of Palestinian territory in the occupied West Bank," he said.
监控技术用途的扩大也引发了关于国际公司向以色列安全机构提供数字服务的问题。
The expanding use of surveillance technology has also raised questions about international companies providing digital services to Israeli security agencies.
2025年，《卫报》报道称，以色列军事情报部队使用其Azure云平台存储通过在加沙和约旦河西岸的监控收集的巴勒斯坦人电话录音，微软因此受到审查。
Microsoft came under scrutiny in 2025 after The Guardian reported that an Israeli military intelligence unit used its Azure cloud platform to store recordings of Palestinian phone calls collected through surveillance in Gaza and the West Bank.
2025年9月25日，微软表示，审查发现了支持报道部分内容的证据，包括在荷兰使用Azure存储和AI服务。
On Sept. 25, 2025, Microsoft said a review had found evidence supporting elements of the reporting, including the use of Azure storage in the Netherlands and AI services.
该公司禁用了以色列国防部某部门使用的特定云存储和AI服务，称其条款禁止对平民进行大规模监控。
The company disabled specified cloud-storage and AI services used by a unit within Israel's Defense Ministry, saying its terms prohibited mass surveillance of civilians.
阿布哈特尔说：“这是私营公司行为体与直接侵犯权利的以色列国家行为体的直接同谋。这些公司应当为此承担责任。”贾拉尔还敦促制定更有力的国际规则，规范人工智能在军事行动中的使用。
"This is a direct complicity by private company actors with Israeli state actors who are directly violating rights," Abukhater said. "It's something that these companies should be held accountable for." Jarrar also urged stronger international rules governing the use of AI in military operations.
他说：“我们确实需要一部关于在自动化杀戮中使用人工智能的新国际法。”
"We need really a new international law regarding the use of AI in automated killing," he said.