X平台的“社区评论”功能（Community Notes）未能有效识别大多数关于美国大选的虚假信息。据NewsGuard称，在11月3日的中期选举之前，该功能未能识别出93.1%的虚假信息。在数十条虚假帖子中，仅有13条得到了纠正；其中一些虚假信息涉及选民身份验证法规，还有一些是由埃隆·马斯克本人分享的。
X’s Community Notes missed most false US election claims, with NewsGuard saying it failed to flag 93.1% of them before the Nov 3 midterm elections. Only 13 of dozens of false posts were corrected, including claims about voter ID laws and several false posts shared by Musk. The study raises doubts about community fact-checking, as researchers say it works best on clear topics and can be shaped by partisan bias.
这项研究对“社区事实核查”机制的有效性提出了质疑——研究人员指出，该机制在处理简单明了的话题时效果较好，但容易受到党派偏见的影响。
AI generated Washington – A crowdsourced verification system used by Elon Musk’s X failed to flag a vast majority of false claims related to the US midterm elections – including those promoted by the billionaire – a study said on Oct 21.
一项研究指出，由埃隆·马斯克的X平台使用的众包事实核查系统（AI-generated fact-checking system）未能识别出绝大多数与美国中期选举相关的虚假信息，包括那些由马斯克本人传播的虚假内容。
Community Notes, which allows users to contribute notes that add context or corrections to posts, was introduced by X in late 2022 and the same model is increasingly being adopted by other tech platforms.
X平台的“社区评论”功能于2022年底推出，目前越来越多的科技平台正在采用类似的机制。然而，研究人员多次对该功能在打击虚假信息方面的有效性表示怀疑。
美国新闻监督机构NewsGuard对各类新闻和信息网站的可靠性进行评估，他们发现X平台上存在大量宣扬选举舞弊等虚假内容的帖子；其中仅有13条帖子被标记为虚假信息。
But researchers have repeatedly questioned its effectiveness in combating misinformation. NewsGuard, a US watchdog that rates the credibility of news and information sites, identified dozens of posts on X that advanced false claims related to the elections, including bogus allegations of election fraud. Only 13 of those posts were tagged with Community Notes.
NewsGuard指出：“X平台的众包事实核查系统在识别美国中期选举相关的虚假信息方面失败了（未能识别出93.1%的虚假内容）。”这些未被纠正的虚假帖子在11月3日的中期选举前引发了数百万次用户互动。例如，有一位保守派评论员声称纽约州和加利福尼亚州已禁止选民出示选民身份证明，但事实上这两个民主党重镇并未出台此类规定。
“X’s crowdsourced fact-checking programme failed to flag 93.1% of false claims related to the US midterm elections,” NewsGuard said. “The uncorrected X posts have drawn millions of interactions ahead of the Nov 3 midterm elections.”The falsehoods included a post by a conservative commentator claiming that New York and California had made it illegal for voters to show – and officials to ask for – their voter ID. No such rule exists in either Democratic stronghold.
马斯克曾多次赞扬“社区评论”功能，称其为“非常棒”的工具，并强调所有用户（包括他自己）都可能受到该系统的监督和纠正。
Musk has often promoted Community Notes, calling it “awesome” and asserting that all users, including himself, were subject to being corrected by the crowdsourced model.
然而，NewsGuard指出，马斯克在X平台上拥有2.415亿粉丝，他至少发布了四条与中期选举相关的虚假信息；其中没有任何一条信息被“Community Notes”功能标记为虚假内容。X平台未回应法新社（AFP）的评论请求。
NewsGuard, however, said that Musk, who has 241.5 million followers on X, has advanced at least four false claims related to the midterm elections, none of which carried Community Notes. X did not respond to AFP’s request for comment.
研究表明，“Community Notes”功能在消除某些虚假信息（如疫苗相关的错误信息）方面确实有效，但研究人员长期以来一直警告称，该功能在那些存在广泛共识的话题上效果最佳。
Studies have shown Community Notes can work to dispel some falsehoods, like vaccine misinformation, but researchers have long cautioned that it works best for topics where there is broad consensus.
还有一些研究人员指出，由于用户的党派立场，他们可能会利用“Community Notes”功能来攻击政治对手。
Some researchers have also cautioned that Community Notes users can be motivated to target political opponents by partisan beliefs.
越来越多的科技平台将这种由用户主导的信息审核机制视为专业事实核查的替代方案。
Tech platforms increasingly view the community-driven model as an alternative to professional fact-checking.
2025年，Meta公司终止了其在美国的第三方事实核查项目，首席执行官马克·扎克伯格表示这一项目导致了“过度审查”的现象；专业事实核查机构强烈反对这一说法。
In 2025, Meta ended its third-party fact-checking programme in the United States, with CEO Mark Zuckerberg saying it had led to “too much censorship”. Professional fact-checkers vehemently reject the claim.
9月，Meta宣布已在拉丁美洲的16个西班牙语国家开始测试自己开发的“Community Notes”功能，此举旨在逐步取代原有的事实核查系统。Meta公司并未公布这一变更正式实施的具体时间表。
In September, Meta said it had begun testing its own version of Community Notes in 16 Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, in a step toward replacing its fact-checking programme. Meta gave no timeline for when the change will become official.
Meta公司的监督委员会（一个由该公司资助的、负责审查其内容审核决策的半独立机构）认为，“Community Notes”功能并不能完全替代专业的事实核查服务。
Meta’s Oversight Board, a quasi-independent body the company funds to review its moderation decisions, said Community Notes was not an adequate replacement for fact-checking.
目前，法新社（AFP）正在使用Meta公司的全球事实核查服务，为26种语言提供事实核查服务，其中包括拉丁美洲地区的语言。
AFP currently works in 26 languages with Meta’s global fact-checking programme, including in Latin America.