芝加哥，10月22日电 美国总统特朗普本月签署了一项行政命令，以扩大免税柴油的获取渠道，因为飙升的油价令选民在中期选举前感到沮丧。但农民表示，在公共道路上使用这种燃料风险太大，而其他一些司机根本无法获得这种燃料。
CHICAGO, Oct 22 - US President Donald Trump signed an executive order this month to expand access to tax-exempt diesel as soaring prices frustrate voters ahead of midterm elections. But farmers say it is too risky to use the fuel on public roads, while some other drivers do not have access to it.
特朗普一直试图通过一系列聚焦燃油的行动来降低价格、提振其下滑的支持率，包括他在周一宣布的一项80亿美元财政支持计划，旨在抵消农民秋收期间的柴油成本。
Trump has sought to lower prices and boost his sagging approval ratings through a series of actions focused on fuel, including an $8 billion financial support program he announced on Monday to offset diesel costs for farmers during the autumn harvest.
他的政府还放宽了对俄罗斯燃油运输的制裁，推动盟友释放紧急石油储备，并暂时解除了外国籍船只在美国港口间航行的限制。尽管如此，由于美国主导的与伊朗的战争，油价依然居高不下。
His administration also relaxed sanctions on Russian fuel shipments, pushed allies to release emergency oil stocks and temporarily lifted restrictions on foreign-flagged vessels moving between US ports. Still, prices remain elevated because of the US-led war with Iran.
特朗普表示，他的行政命令将暂时豁免红柴油的非公路使用要求，红柴油通常用于农用设备。红柴油本质上与普通或透明柴油相同，但免征公路燃油税。将其染成红色是为了表明未缴纳公路税。
Trump said his executive order would temporarily waive an off-road requirement for red-dyed diesel, which is generally sold for use in farm equipment. Red diesel is essentially the same as regular or clear diesel but exempt from highway fuel taxes. It is dyed red to indicate highway taxes have not been paid.
农民表示，在高速公路上用半挂车燃烧染色柴油的潜在节省太少，不足以抵消行政命令到期后燃油箱中残留红色残留物的风险。各州对红柴油的使用有自己的税收和规则，如果当局检查油箱并发现红柴油在公共道路上被不当使用，可对司机处以数千美元罚款。
Farmers said potential savings from using dyed diesel in semi-trucks on highways were too small to justify the risk of red residue staying in fuel tanks after the order expires. States have their own taxes and rules for red diesel use, and can fine drivers thousands of dollars if authorities inspect fuel tanks and find signs red diesel was used improperly on public roads.
美国国税局表示，从10月1日至12月31日，在高速公路上使用染色柴油不会处以罚款，但特朗普的行政命令对州税收和罚款没有影响。
The Internal Revenue Service said it would not impose a penalty when dyed diesel is used on highways from October 1 to December 31 but that Trump's order had no effect on state taxes and penalties.
“在我看来，风险根本不值得，”堪萨斯州农场局主席格伦·布伦克劳说。他堪萨斯州韦梅戈附近种植农作物并饲养牲畜。“那种残留物可能会在那里存留多年。”堪萨斯州最高罚款1万美元农民在秋季收获季节使用最多柴油，在拖拉机、联合收割机及其他机械中燃用染色柴油。根据特朗普的行政令，如果各州允许，他们还可以用红色柴油驾驶通常使用无色柴油的半挂卡车运送农作物上市。
"In my mind, it's not anywhere near worth the risk," said Glenn Brunkow, president of the Kansas Farm Bureau, who raises crops and cattle near Wamego, Kansas. "That residue might be in there for years." FINES UP TO $10,000 IN KANSAS Farmers use the most diesel during the autumn harvest season, burning dyed fuel in tractors, combines and other machinery. Under Trump's order, they could also use red diesel to haul crops to market in semi-trucks normally fueled by clear diesel, if allowed by states.
作为主要粮食生产州，堪萨斯州禁止在公共道路上使用染色柴油，除非该柴油是在州外合法购买的。根据堪萨斯州税务局的说法，违规者可能被控重罪、吊销驾驶执照，并面临1000美元至1万美元的罚款。
Kansas, a major grain producer, prohibits using dyed diesel on public roadways unless it is purchased lawfully outside the state. Violators can be charged with a felony, have their driver's license suspended, and face penalties of $1,000 to $10,000, according to the Kansas Department of Revenue.
民主党人、堪萨斯州州长劳拉·凯利表示，该州无法合法地按原样实施特朗普的行政令。堪萨斯州公路巡警担心，一旦红色染色柴油恢复正常使用限制，“将导致执法困难”，她在一份声明中表示。
Governor Laura Kelly, a Democrat, said the state could not legally implement Trump's order as drafted. The Kansas Highway Patrol was concerned it "would result in law enforcement difficulties once red dye diesel returns to its normal usage restrictions," she said in a statement.
民主党人希望不断上升的农业成本能帮助他们在11月的中期选举中，在共和党腹地重拾支持。白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯表示，特朗普希望降低燃油价格。
Democrats hope surging farm costs can help revive their support in the Republican heartland in November's midterm elections. Trump wants lower fuel prices, White House spokesperson Taylor Rogers said.
“特朗普总统始终致力于释放美国能源主导地位、降低成本，并让更多资金回到勤劳的美国家庭口袋里，”罗杰斯说。
"President Trump remains committed to unleashing American energy dominance, cutting costs, and putting more money back in the pockets of hardworking American families," Rogers said.
对于明尼苏达州新里奇兰的第五代农民杰伊·索格来说，该行政令可能为他节省1500美元至2000美元，但这不足以抵消燃油和其他投入品成本的上涨。和许多农民一样，他提前购买柴油并储存在油罐中。
For Jay Sorg, a fifth-generation farmer in New Richland, Minnesota, the order could save $1,500 to $2,000, but that is not enough to offset higher costs for fuel and other inputs. Like many farmers, he buys diesel in advance to store in tanks.
“在我们业务的大局中，这几乎无关紧要，尤其是我们已经为高速公路使用购买并储备了燃料，”索格说。“这是一场试图赢取选票的举动。”南达科他州罗斯林的农民瑞安·瓦格纳担心，免税红柴油的使用量增加可能会耗尽用于维护道路的政府资金。
"In the grand scheme of our business, it's kind of inconsequential, especially when we already have fuel bought and in the tank for highway use," Sorg said. "It's a move to try to win votes." Ryan Wagner, a farmer in Roslyn, South Dakota, worried that increasing usage of tax-exempt red diesel could drain government funds used to maintain roads.
“这是一个非常短视的计划，未来可能会给我们带来麻烦，”他说。有限的准入 对于其他司机来说，要买到红柴油可能很困难。
"It's a very short-sighted plan that could come back and haunt us in the future," he said. LIMITED ACCESS For other motorists, it can be hard to get their hands on red diesel.
爱荷华州州长、共和党人金·雷诺兹发布了一项公告，允许车辆在高速公路上使用染色柴油，但仅限于运输特定农产品的车辆，且期限至二月。
Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds, a Republican, issued a proclamation that allows vehicles to use dyed diesel on highways until February, but only if they are hauling specific agricultural products.
在德克萨斯州，司机必须向州政府登记，才能享受高速公路上使用红柴油限制的临时暂停。
In Texas, drivers must with the state to take advantage of a temporary suspension of restrictions on the use of red diesel on highways.
路透社记者走访了休斯顿周边四个在线上标榜出售红柴油的地点，这些地点由向商业运营商提供燃油卡的公司经营。其中三个地点只销售商业柴油，第四个地点的红柴油加油机无法使用。第四个地点的通知称，红柴油纯粹用于农业，不得用于道路。
A Reuters reporter visited four sites around Houston that were listed online as selling red diesel by companies that offer fuel cards to commercial operators. Three of the sites sold only commercial diesel, and red diesel pumps at the fourth site were not working. A notice at the fourth site said red diesel was purely for agricultural use and should not be used on roads.
休斯顿消防员文森佐·拉萨洛西表示，由于柴油价格高昂，他曾考虑在自己的Ram 2500皮卡上使用红柴油，但不知道在哪里能买到。
Vincenzo Lasalosi, a firefighter in Houston, said he considered using red diesel in his Ram 2500 truck due to high diesel prices but did not know where to find it.
“即使找到了，可能也太远了，不值得专门跑一趟去加油，”他说。
"Even if I do find it, it's probably too far and not worth the drive to fill it up," he said.