瑞典央行重新引发了关于是否推出电子克朗的争论，因为战争、网络威胁和新的数字支付系统，对世界上最无现金的国家之一能否保持其货币地位提出了新的问题。
Sweden's central bank has revived the debate over whether to introduce an e-krona as war, cyber threats and new digital payment systems raise fresh questions about whether one of the world's most cashless nations can preserve the role of its currency.
瑞典银行是最早探索采用所谓零售型央行数字货币（CBDC）的央行之一，该货币基于区块链技术，当时瑞典人正在放弃现金，转而使用卡片和数字支付。
The Riksbank was one of the earliest central banks to explore adopting a so-called retail central bank digital currency, or CBDC, based on blockchain technology as Swedes abandoned cash in favour of cards and digital payments.
然而，2023年的一项政府调查认为，瑞典没有迫切需要CBDC。
A government inquiry in 2023 said there was no urgent need for a CBDC in Sweden, however.
但随着欧洲央行推出数字欧元的计划即将实现，瑞典银行正敦促议会重新审视这一问题。
But with the European Central Bank's plans to launch a digital euro now close to fruition, the Riksbank is urging parliament to look again at the issue.
“瑞典是一个非常无现金的社会，这一点很重要，”瑞典银行副行长佩尔·扬松周四在一次会议边会上对路透社表示。
"Sweden is a very cash-light society, and that matters," Riksbank Deputy Governor Per Jansson told Reuters on the sidelines of a conference on Thursday.
“如果我们的现金变成数字形式，而瑞典克朗没有可用的数字形式，那么克朗可能无法与其他更便捷的数字支付工具竞争，这些工具可以轻松跨境使用。”瑞典银行今年早些时候的一项调查显示，只有5%的瑞典人最近一次购物使用了现金。
"If our cash becomes digital and Swedish kronor are not available in a usable digital form, then the krona may not be able to compete with other, more convenient digital payment instruments that can easily be used across borders." A Riksbank survey earlier this year showed only 5% of Swedes had used cash for their most recent purchase.
本月，瑞典银行在致立法者的信中还指出，稳定币的发展可能会影响克朗的国际竞争力。
In a letter to legislators this month, the Riksbank also pointed to the development of stablecoins as potentially impacting the krona's international competitiveness.
如果克朗的使用范围缩小，央行可能会在维持货币政策传导和保障金融稳定方面面临挑战。
If use of the krona shrank, the central bank could face challenges in maintaining the transmission of monetary policy and safeguarding financial stability.
地缘政治也凸显了弹性支付系统作为瑞典总国防战略一部分的重要性。
Geopolitics has also highlighted the importance of resilient payment systems as part of Sweden's total-defence strategy.
“如果发生攻击或停电或其他情况，能够支付的能力至关重要，这是我们社会中最脆弱的部分之一，”银行集团SEB的高级宏观策略师阿曼达·桑德斯特罗姆表示。
"The ability to be able to pay if there is an attack or an electricity blackout or whatever, is extremely important, one of the most vulnerable parts of our society," Amanda Sundstrom, senior macro strategist at banking group SEB, said.
“因此，在讨论国防问题时，这应该是最重要的议题之一。”欧洲中央银行可能会在2029年推出数字欧元。
"So when we're talking about defence, this should be one of the top things on the list." The European Central Bank could launch a digital euro in 2029.
詹森表示，瑞典央行（Riksbank）尚未对电子克朗（e-krona）的推出发表正式立场，相关决策应由议会来决定。不过，他补充说，引入必要的立法并进行其他准备工作至少需要五年的时间。
Jansson said the Riksbank had not taken a stance on the e-krona and that it was up to parliament to decide. However, it would take five years at least to introduce the necessary legislation and make other preparations, he said.
“如果瑞典希望拥有自己的数字克朗，并避免在技术发展上落后太多，那么现在就开始这项工作是个明智的选择。”詹森说道。
"If Sweden wants to have a digital krona and avoid falling too far behind, then it's a good idea to begin this work now," Jansson said.