联邦上诉法院周五以2比1裁定，特朗普总统去年派遣国民警卫队前往洛杉矶地区的行为违法。美国第九巡回上诉法院驳回了特朗普的主张，即洛杉矶抗议其移民打压行动的暴力示威，足以证明他从加州州长加文·纽森（民主党人）手中夺取军队控制权是合理的。尽管特朗普的部署行动已经结束，但该裁决标志着上诉法院一年审议的终结。
A federal appeals court on Friday ruled 2-1 that President Trump’s National Guard deployment to the Los Angeles area last year was unlawful. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit rejected Trump’s assertion that violent demonstrations in the city protesting his immigration crackdown justified him wresting control of the troops from Gov. Gavin Newsom (D). Although Trump’s deployment has ended, the decision caps a year of consideration by the appeals court.
在案件的早期阶段，第九巡回法院曾支持特朗普。现在，在最高法院同样认定特朗普未满足单方面向芝加哥部署国民警卫队的法律要求之后，第九巡回法院作出了不利于他的裁决。“被告在此未能做出所需的两项门槛性证明之一。因此，他们未能履行举证责任，”美国巡回法院法官珍妮弗·宋说，宋是前总统拜登的任命者。
At an earlier stage of the case, the 9th Circuit sided with Trump. It’s now ruling against him after the Supreme Court similarly found Trump didn't meet the legal requirements to unilaterally deploy the National Guard to Chicago. “Defendants have not made either of the required threshold showings here. Thus, they have not carried their burden,” said U.S. Circuit Judge Jennifer Sung, an appointee of former President Biden.
审判小组中，特朗普提名的法官埃里克·米勒和马克·本内特与宋同席。米勒也反对特朗普，而本内特持异议。本内特表示，他的同事本不应审理此案，因为政府希望撤回上诉，返回初审法院，就最高法院裁决的影响进行诉讼。“但多数派坚持要继续推进，主要依据的是在法律环境不断变化时准备的过时简报，”本内特写道。
Sung was joined on the panel by two Trump-nominated judges, Eric Miller and Mark Bennett. Miller also sided against Trump, while Bennett dissented. Bennett said his colleagues shouldn’t have decided the case, as the administration wanted to dismiss the appeal and head back to the trial court to litigate the impact of the Supreme Court’s ruling. “But the majority insists on pressing forward, relying primarily on outdated briefs prepared amid a shifting legal landscape,” Bennett wrote.
这意味着，如果特朗普试图再次在加利福尼亚州部署国民警卫队，周五的裁决将对第九巡回法院未来的合议庭产生约束力。去年，特朗普将国民警卫队部署到全国各地的多个蓝州城市——包括华盛顿、孟菲斯和俄勒冈州波特兰——以平息反对其移民打压行动的抗议。在洛杉矶，示威活动有时演变为暴力，有报道称发生了抢劫，并有人投掷燃烧瓶。
It means Friday’s decision will now bind future 9th Circuit panels if Trump tries to deploy the National Guard again in California. Last year, Trump deployed the National Guard to various blue cities around the country — including Washington, Memphis and Portland, Ore. — to quell protests against his immigration crackdown. In Los Angeles, the demonstrations devolved into violence at times, with reports of looting and some having thrown Molotov cocktails.
总统依据相关法律行使了权力，调动了国民警卫队。该法律允许他在发生叛乱或无法用常规军队执行法律时将军队置于联邦政府的直接控制之下。去年，最高法院裁定特朗普不符合动用国民警卫队的条件，因为法律中所提到的“常规军队”通常指的是美国正规军。不过，特朗普仍继续在首都部署国民警卫队，而这一行动所依据的法律依据有所不同。
The president deployed the National Guard by invoking a law allowing him to federalize troops whenever there is a rebellion or when he cannot execute the law with regular forces. The Supreme Court last year said Trump hadn’t met the criteria because “regular forces” likely refers to the U.S. military. Trump's National Guard deployment in the nation's capital, which relies on a different legal authority, remains ongoing.