联合国消息——联合国核机构负责人周五表示，他预计到2060年核能的使用量可能会增长两倍以上。
EDITH M. LEDERER UNITED NATIONS — The head of the U.N. nuclear agency said Friday that he expects the use of nuclear power could more than triple by 2060.
拉斐尔·格罗西在国际原子能机构向联合国大会提交的年度报告中表示，这一增长将由电气化、由人工智能驱动的数据中心以及“科技公司对可靠、无碳电力的需求”所推动。
Rafael Grossi said in the International Atomic Energy Agency’s annual report to the U.N. General Assembly that this will be driven by electrification, data centers powered by artificial intelligence and “technology companies’ appetite for reliable, carbon-free power.”
他说，越来越多的国家将核能视为改善其能源安全的关键，并强调核能与太阳能相当，且“比其他所有选项都更安全”。
Nuclear energy is seen by a growing number of countries as key to improving their energy security, he said, stressing that it is on par with solar energy and “safer than every other option.”
“2025年，30多个国家的400多座运行中的反应堆生产了全球10%的电力，以及四分之一的低碳电力，”这位国际原子能机构总干事说。“目前有60多座新反应堆正在建设中，对未来核电装机容量的预测已大幅上调。”
“In 2025, more than 400 operating reactors in more than 30 countries produced 10% of global electricity and a quarter of its low-carbon electricity,” the IAEA director-general said. “More than 60 new reactors are under construction and the projections for future nuclear capacity have shifted dramatically upward.”
除了核能用于和平目的的日益增长之外，格罗西还谈到了伊朗和朝鲜的核计划、乌克兰战争对“核安全构成的前所未有的威胁”，以及令人担忧的有关他未点名的其他国家正在讨论获取核武器的报道。
In addition to the growing use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, Grossi spoke about the nuclear programs in Iran and North Korea, the “unprecedented threats to nuclear safety” from the war in Ukraine, and worrying reports that other countries he didn’t name are talking about acquiring nuclear weapons.
关于伊朗——去年美国在其与以色列于2月28日发动战争之前打击了伊朗的核设施——格罗西对联合国会员国表示，为达成外交协议所需的技术工作已经完成。
On Iran , whose nuclear sites were struck by the U.S. last year before the U.S. and Israel launched a war on Feb. 28, Grossi told U.N. member nations that the necessary technical work for a diplomatic agreement has been done.
“我呼吁各方加倍努力，达成一项包含国际原子能机构（IAEA）不可或缺的核查机制的外交解决方案；没有这一机制，任何协议都无法长期维持，”他说。“国际原子能机构的核查人员必须能够尽快重返伊朗，而这需要各方重新回到谈判桌前。”在朝鲜，金正恩的核计划正在不断发展，且完全不受国际原子能机构的监督；格罗西警告称，这种情况“清楚地表明了违反联合国安理会禁止核武器生产的决议所带来的后果”。
“I call on the parties to redouble their efforts towards agreeing a diplomatic solution that includes the IAEA’s indispensable verification role, without which no agreement can be sustainable,” he said. “IAEA inspectors must be able to return to Iran expeditiously. That requires a return to the negotiating table.”In North Korea, where leader Kim Jong Un has a growing nuclear program without any IAEA oversight, Grossi warned that it “stands as a stark reminder of the consequences when red lines are crossed” in violation of U.N. Security Council resolutions banning nuclear weapons production.
在乌克兰，他特别提到了扎波罗热核电站——这是欧洲最大的核电站——指出该电站目前仍处于“危险境地”：电力供应频繁中断，备用柴油燃料严重不足，而且军事活动不断威胁着核电站及其工作人员的安全。不过从积极的一面来看，格罗西表示，在与临时总统艾哈迈德·沙拉领导的政府合作后，国际原子能机构在澄清和解决有关叙利亚核活动的悬而未决的问题方面取得了“重大进展”。
In Ukraine, he singled out the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Europe’s largest, saying it remains “in a precarious position” with frequent power losses, limited back-up diesel supplies “and military activity threatening the plant and the people who work there.”On a positive note, Grossi said the IAEA has made “significant progress” in clarifying and resolving outstanding questions regarding Syria’s nuclear activities after nearly two decades of uncertainty. That’s as a result of engaging with the government of interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa, he said.
他在9月份曾报告称，巴沙尔·阿萨德执政时期的政府（该政府于2024年12月被以沙拉为首的反对派势力推翻）曾建造了一座用于生产可用于核武器的裂变材料的核反应堆。
He reported in September that the Bashar Assad-era government — which was ousted in December 2024 by opposition forces led by al-Sharaa — was constructing a nuclear reactor that was configured to produce fissile material for possible use in nuclear weapons.