斯里兰卡：在斯里兰卡曼纳尔半岛旋转的风力涡轮机下，一张渔网被拖拉机绞盘和20名男子拖上沙滩，但收获再次寥寥无几。
SRI LANKA: Beneath rotating wind turbines on Sri Lanka's Mannar peninsula, a fishing net is hauled up the beach by tractor winches and 20 men, but once again the catch is meagre.
“我从小就在这里捕鱼，”65岁的文卡塔萨米·卡利穆图（Venkatasamy Kalimuththu）失望地看着渔获——几条像样的鱼、一些小杂鱼和几团海藻——说道。
"I've been fishing here since I was a boy," said Venkatasamy Kalimuththu, 65, looking disappointedly at the catch - a few good fish, some small fry, and several clumps of seaweed.
“在风力涡轮机安装之前，我们能捕到很多鱼，”他补充道。“现在，少得多了。”自从六年前出现以来，曼纳尔的风力涡轮机被归咎于一系列问题——从渔获减少到洪水，助长了人们对绿色能源项目的反对情绪，而当时燃料成本正在飙升。当地居民决心让它们拆除，或者至少阻止更多风机建设。
"Before the wind turbines were installed, we caught a lot of fish," he added. "Now, much less." Since they appeared six years ago, the Mannar wind turbines have been blamed for a host of problems - from dwindling catches to floods, fuelling opposition to green energy projects as fuel costs soar. Local residents are determined to see them dismantled or, at the very least, prevent more from being built.
这种反对声浪出现在中东战争导致燃料和电力成本飙升之际，使向可再生能源转型成为经济当务之急。尽管他承认没有证据，卡利穆图深信旋转的叶片正在赶走鱼群。
The opposition comes as war in the Middle East sends fuel and electricity costs soaring, making the shift to renewable energy an economic imperative. Although he admits he has no proof, Kalimuththu is convinced the spinning blades are driving fish away.
这张摄于2026年10月3日的照片显示，一名渔民在斯里兰卡曼纳尔半岛一座风力发电厂附近的海滩上展示他的渔获。
This photograph taken on Oct 3, 2026 shows a fisherman showing his catch at a beach near a wind power plant in Sri Lanka's Mannar Peninsula.
“风扇一转，阴影就落在水面上，”他说。“所以鱼不游到浅水区了。”他的同事们表示赞同，也怪罪风力涡轮机——以及印度拖网渔船的竞争。“厕所溢流”“我们原则上不反对可再生能源，”当地公民社会组织OPEnE的核心人物莱斯利·杰苏拉詹（Lesley Jesurajan）说。“但不在这里。有很多其他地方可以安装风力涡轮机。”这些由国有公用事业机构锡兰电力局（CEB）拥有的风机，排列在一条狭窄的沙带上，这里暴露在吹拂斯里兰卡与印度之间海湾的风中。
"When the fans rotate, the shadow falls on the water," he said. "So the fish don't swim up to the shallows." His colleagues agree, also blaming the turbines - as well as competition from Indian trawlers. "TOILETS OVERFLOW" "We are not opposed to renewable energy in principle," said Lesley Jesurajan, a leading figure in the local civil society group OPEnE. "But not here. There are plenty of other places to install wind turbines." Owned by state utility Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), the turbines line a narrow strip of sand exposed to winds sweeping across the gulf between Sri Lanka and India.
第一阶段——30台风机，总装机容量104兆瓦——于2020年并网，另外14台风机的建设已开始。
The first phase - 30 turbines with a combined capacity of 104 megawatts - joined the grid in 2020, and construction on another 14 has begun.
第三阶段的52台风机已授予印度阿达尼集团，但政府在2025年因每千瓦时电价争议取消了合同。即便是第一阶段也已引发愤怒。
A third phase of 52 turbines had been awarded to Indian conglomerate Adani, but the government cancelled the contract in 2025 after a dispute over the price per kilowatt-hour. Even the first phase has fuelled anger.
本尼迪克特·玛丽·维吉利娅的村庄距离海岸约100米，四周被风力涡轮机包围。
Benedict Mary Vijiliya's village, around 100m from the coast, is surrounded by wind turbines.
她声称，混凝土基础和修建通道而挖掘的沟渠阻碍了雨水向大海排泄。
She claims concrete foundations and trenches for access roads have prevented rainwater from draining towards the sea.
“雨季时，水涨到我们腰部，厕所溢流，”妇女农村发展协会（WRDS）主席维吉利娅抱怨道，她展示手机里的照片，显示自家房屋被淹没在约一米深的水中。
"During the monsoon rains, the water comes up to our waists and the toilets overflow," complains Vijiliya, president of the Women's Rural Development Society (WRDS), showing photographs on her phone of her home submerged under about a metre of water.
这张摄于2026年10月2日的照片显示，斯里兰卡曼纳尔半岛的妇女农村发展协会（WRDS）主席本尼迪克特·玛丽·维吉利娅手持井水（左）和自来水（右）摆姿势拍照。
This photograph taken on Oct 2, 2026 shows Benedict Mary Vijiliya, president of the Women's Rural Development Society (WRDS) posing while holding the groundwater (left) sourced from a well and tap water (right) in Sri Lanka's Mannar Peninsula.
“2020年之前我们从未经历过这种情况。我们的房屋受损，牲畜和农作物受影响，生计受冲击，甚至连自家井里的水都喝不了了。”“欺骗民众”在邻近的佩萨莱，渔业收入大幅下降，当地渔民合作社负责人A·斯坦尼斯拉斯·佩里耶斯说。
"We never had experienced that before 2020. Our homes are damaged, our cattle and our crops are affected, our livelihood is impacted and we can't even drink the water of our well anymore". "CHEATING PEOPLE" In neighbouring Pesalai, fishing incomes have plummeted, said A Stanislas Peries, head of the local fishermen's cooperative.
“以前，人们靠捕鱼一天能赚多达5000卢比（约合15美元）。现在他们勉强能赚1000多卢比。日子变得非常难过。” 能源部长阿努拉·卡鲁纳蒂拉卡表示，他已听到了相关投诉。
"Before, people could earn up to 5,000 rupees (US$15) a day from fishing. Now they barely make more than 1,000. Things have become very difficult." Energy Minister Anura Karunathilaka said he had heard the complaints.
“我们正在开展可行性研究，”他说，“一旦实施……他们目前面临的洪水状况可以得到缓解。” 政府目标是到2030年实现全国70%的电力来自可再生能源，包括风能。但为缓解当地反对情绪，政府已冻结曼纳尔的新项目。
"We are carrying out feasibility studies," he said. "Once we implement this ... the flood situation they are currently facing can be reduced." The government aims to generate 70 per cent of the country's electricity from renewable sources by 2030, including wind power. But it has frozen new projects in Mannar to ease local opposition.
“我们已经承诺……只有那些已经获批的项目才会实施。”天主教神父、曼纳尔市民委员会主席马库斯神父对此仍不信服。
"We have already pledged ... that only those projects already approved will be carried out." Father S Marcus, a Catholic priest and head of the Mannar Citizens' Committee, remains unconvinced.
“他们曾多次承诺采取缓解措施，但什么也没发生……他们在欺骗我们的人民，”他补充道。
"They had several times promised mitigation measures but nothing happened ... they are cheating our people," he added.
在他的倡议下，居民已向斯里兰卡法院提起了两起诉讼。但也有人单独对他提起了诉讼。
At his initiative, residents have filed two complaints in Sri Lankan courts. But a separate one has been filed against him.
“显然，我们是在干扰政府，”他说。“但我们不会退缩——我们将终结这一切。”
"Apparently, we are disrupting the government," he said. "But we will not back down - we will put an end to all this."