2017年2月15日，欧洲议会在斯特拉斯堡就欧盟与加拿大之间的《全面经济与贸易协定》（CETA）进行投票。
Members of the European Parliament during the vote on the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada, at the European Parliament in Strasbourg, on February 15, 2017.
这将是房间里的大象。当加拿大总理马克·卡尼于10月29日星期四和10月30日星期五在蒙特利尔接待欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩、欧洲理事会主席安东尼奥·科斯塔以及十几位委员，以加强加拿大与欧盟关系时，仍有九个欧盟首都未批准《全面经济与贸易协定》（CETA）。尽管欧洲议会在2017年以压倒性多数通过了该协定。意大利和波兰属于拒不批准国，法国也是其中之一，法国参议院于2024年3月21日否决了该协定。此后，法国政府避免将文本提交国民议会表决。
It will be the elephant in the room. As Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney hosts European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, European Council President Antonio Costa and about a dozen commissioners in Montreal on Thursday, October 29 and Friday, October 30, to strengthen ties between Canada and the European Union, nine EU capitals have still not ratified the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA). This is despite the European Parliament's overwhelming approval in 2017. Italy and Poland are among the holdouts, along with France, where the Sénat rejected it on March 21, 2024. Since then, the French government has refrained from submitting the text to the Assemblée Nationale for a vote.
无论各国议会是否批准，CETA自2017年起已基本生效，尽管技术上属于暂时适用。作为一项混合协定，它涵盖欧盟和国家两级管辖领域。其大部分条款，特别是管贸易的条款，属于欧盟专属权限。涉及投资的较小部分则受国家法律管辖。这部分仍未解决。
CETA has been largely in force since 2017, albeit technically on a provisional basis, regardless of whether national parliaments have ratified it. As a mixed agreement, it covers areas under both EU and national jurisdiction. Most of its provisions, particularly those governing trade, fall under the EU's exclusive authority. A smaller portion, relating to investment, is subject to national laws. That part remains unresolved.