这份法庭之友简报的提交正值一起重大案件即将开庭审理之际，该案将检验禁止销售这种既广受欢迎又曾在多起大规模枪击案中被使用的步枪的州法律是否合宪。
The friend-of-the-court brief comes ahead of a major case that will test the constitutionality of state laws barring the sale of the popular rifle that has also been used in many mass shootings.
2012年桑迪胡克小学大规模枪击案中遇难儿童的父母于周三敦促最高法院维持他们在悲剧发生后推动颁布的那种针对突击步枪的禁令。
Parents of children killed in the 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School urged the Supreme Court on Wednesday to uphold the type of ban on assault rifles they pushed to enact after the tragedy.
由“桑迪胡克承诺”组织提交的这份法庭之友简报，签署人还包括遇难教职员工的亲属，提交时间正值大法官们即将权衡康涅狄格州禁令以及十几个其他州类似禁令的合宪性之际。
The amicus, or friend-of-the-court, brief filed by the group Sandy Hook Promise, which also includes relatives of educators killed that day, comes ahead of a major case in which the justices will weigh the constitutionality of the Connecticut ban and those in about a dozen other states.
这是数年来提交最高法院审理的最重要枪支案件之一，将检验最高法院是否愿意在放宽枪支管制方面再迈出一大步。
The case is one of the most significant on guns to reach the justices in several years and will test whether the high court is willing to take another major step in loosening firearms regulations.
AR-15是美国最流行的步枪，也是一个强有力的象征。对一些枪支爱好者而言，它已成为第二修正案权利的象征；而对于主张更严格枪支管控的人来说，它则是攻击目标，因为这种枪支曾在许多大规模枪击案中被使用。
The AR-15 is the nation’s most popular rifle and a potent symbol. It has become an emblem of Second Amendment rights for some gun enthusiasts, and a target for those who want stricter gun controls because that type of firearm has been used in many mass shootings.
桑迪胡克遇难者亲属提交的这份简报异常个人化，描述了部分家长在2012年枪击案发生后焦急等待子女消息的煎熬，以及部分受害者所受创伤的惨重程度。
The brief from the Sandy Hook relatives is unusually personal, describing the agonizing wait some had for news of their children after the 2012 shooting and the devastating wounds some of the victims suffered.
那起枪击案夺去了学校20名一年级学生和6名教职员工的生命，仍是美国历史上最严重的校园枪击案之一。枪手使用一把配备大容量弹匣的AR-15实施了袭击。
The shooting claimed the lives of 20 first graders and six staff members at the school. It remains one of the worst school shootings in the nation’s history. The shooter used an AR-15 with a large-capacity magazine to carry out the attack.
“桑迪胡克承诺”组织由遇难的6岁男童迪伦·霍克利的父母、遇难的7岁男童丹尼尔·巴登的父母，以及遇难校内心理学家玛丽·舍拉克的丈夫共同创立。该组织致力于预防校园枪击案。
Sandy Hook Promise was founded by the parents of Dylan Hockley, 6, who was killed in the shooting; the parents of Daniel Barden, 7, who died that day; and the husband of Mary Sherlach, a school psychologist, who also was slain. The group works to prevent school shootings.
妮可·霍克利是迪伦的母亲，也是“桑迪胡克承诺”组织的首席执行官。她说，该组织支持持枪权，但AR-15步枪的杀伤力使其成为一种特别危险的武器。
Nicole Hockley, Dylan’s mother and the CEO of Sandy Hook Promise, said the group supports the right to bear arms, but that the lethality of the AR-15 makes it a particularly dangerous weapon.
在桑迪胡克枪击案中，枪手在五分钟内发射了154发子弹。该组织称，自桑迪胡克枪击案以来，突击步枪已被用于六起校园大规模枪击案。
During the Sandy Hook shooting, the gunman fired 154 rounds in five minutes. The group says assault rifles have been used in six mass shootings at schools since Sandy Hook.
霍克利说：“我们承诺保护幸存的孩子们，缅怀遇难者的遗志，同时尽我们所能防止未来的悲剧。”“我们非常坚定地认为，桑迪胡克枪击案后，康涅狄格州人民团结一致，做了自由州的自由人民应当做的事。他们通过选出的代表，决定如何最好地保护他们的公民和孩子。这项权利属于每一个州。” 枪支权利团体和枪主正在对突击步枪禁令提出挑战，称其违反了宪法第二修正案赋予的持枪权。最高法院将审查康涅狄格州的禁令，以及芝加哥生效的第二项禁令。
“We made a promise to protect our surviving children and honor the legacy of those who died, but also do whatever we can to prevent future tragedies,” Hockley said. “We believe very strongly after Sandy Hook that the people of Connecticut came together and did what free people in a free state are supposed to do. Through their elected representatives, they decided how to best protect their citizens and kids. That right belongs to every state.”Gun rights groups and gun owners are challenging the assault-rifle bans, saying they violate the Second Amendment right to bear arms. The Supreme Court will examine the Connecticut ban and a second that is law in Chicago.
枪支团体和枪主在诉状中写道：“AR-15平台步枪是独立战争时期民兵和为寻求更好生活而向西进发的拓荒者所携带步枪的现代传承产品。”“可以公正地问，如果第二修正案不保护它，还能保护什么？” 这些团体在向最高法院提交的请愿书中，并未涉及AR-15在大规模枪击案中的使用情况。特朗普政府支持这些枪支团体和枪主。
“The AR-15 platform rifle is the modern descendant of the rifles that were borne by the militiamen of the Revolution and the pioneers who struck out West in search of a better life,” the gun groups and owners wrote in filings. “The question can be fairly asked, if the Second Amendment does not protect it, what could it possibly protect?”The groups did not address the AR-15’s use in mass shootings in their petition to the Supreme Court. The Trump administration is backing the gun groups and owners.
家长们辩称，各州对突击步枪的禁令符合最高法院的先例，这些先例允许对异常危险的武器进行管制。他们还指出，自桑迪胡克枪击案以来，康涅狄格州未发生过大规模枪击案。
The parents argue state bans on assault rifles are in keeping with the Supreme Court’s precedents, which have allowed the regulation of unusually dangerous weapons. They also point out Connecticut has not had a mass shooting since Sandy Hook.
近年来，最高法院限制了枪支管制，最著名的是2022年的一项裁决，推翻了纽约州一项要求在公共场所携带枪支须持有许可证的法律。
The Supreme Court has curtailed gun regulation in recent years, most notably in the 2022 decision that struck down a New York law requiring a license to carry a firearm in public.
该裁决——纽约州步枪和手枪协会诉布鲁恩案——认定，任何枪支限制必须植根于国家的历史和传统。该裁决引发了全国范围内对枪支限制的一系列挑战。
That decision, New York State Rifle and Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, found that any gun restrictions must have roots in the nation’s history and traditions. The ruling has led to a host of challenges to gun restrictions across the country.
最高法院将于12月2日就该案进行辩论。预计将于6月或7月作出裁决。该案已收到来自枪支权利团体、法律学者以及参议员泰德·克鲁兹（共和党-得克萨斯州）等提交的各类法庭之友简报。
The Supreme Court will hear arguments in the case on Dec. 2. A decision is expected by June or July. The case has already drawn a range of friend-of-the-court briefs from gun rights groups, legal scholars and Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas).