墨西哥国家石油公司公布第三季度亏损，尽管原油价格大幅上涨，该公司仍在艰难地提高炼油厂效率并增加产量。
Mexico’s state oil company posted a third-quarter loss as it continues to struggle to make its refineries more efficient and increase production, even as crude prices have surged.
根据周五提交的文件，墨西哥石油公司在截至9月30日的三个月内亏损108亿比索（5.73亿美元）。一年前，该公司第三季度亏损30亿美元。
Petroleos Mexicanos reported a loss of 10.8 billion pesos ($573 million) during the three months ending Sept. 30, according to a filing Friday. A year ago, the company had a $3 billion third-quarter loss.
作为全球负债最重的石油生产商，墨西哥石油公司的产量在过去二十年里下降了约一半，原因是对其老化油田的投资滞后。与此同时，该公司效率低下的炼油厂难以实现盈利，使墨西哥石油公司严重依赖政府救助。
Production at Pemex, the world’s most indebted oil producer, has fallen by about half over the past two decades as investment in its aging oil fields has lagged. The company’s inefficient refineries, meanwhile, have struggled to turn a profit, leaving Pemex heavily dependent on government bailouts.
总统克劳迪娅·辛鲍姆在执政两年期间向该公司提供了约500亿美元的支持，这是其推动该公司在明年实现自给自足的努力的一部分。然而，这一努力正面临压力，因为对墨西哥石油公司的支出拖累了墨西哥的主权信用评级。
President Claudia Sheinbaum has showered roughly $50 billion in support on the company during her two years in office as part of a push to make it self-sufficient by next year. The effort is under pressure, however, as spending on Pemex weighs on Mexico’s sovereign credit rating.
墨西哥财政部已为2027年指定了48亿美元的墨西哥石油公司支持资金，比今年低约70%，因为该公司明年的债务义务较少。
Mexico’s Finance Ministry has earmarked $4.8 billion in Pemex support for 2027, which is about 70% lower than this year because the company has fewer debt obligations next year.
许多拥有大型炼油业务的大型石油公司都公布了第三季度利润激增的业绩。
Many big oil companies with large refining operations are reporting booming third-quarter profits.
部分原因是波斯湾的战斗推动该季度油价平均达到每桶约90美元，比一年前上涨约三分之一。此外，由于中东冲突以及俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的战争损坏了炼油厂，挤压了全球生产柴油、汽油和航空燃油的能力，炼油厂的利润率大幅上升。然而，墨西哥石油公司并未像其他石油公司那样从中获益。
That’s in part because fighting in the Persian Gulf drove oil prices to an average of about $90 a barrel during the quarter — up by about a third from a year earlier. Plus, profit margins for refineries have surged as the Middle East conflicts and the war between Russia and Ukraine have damaged refineries, squeezing the world’s capacity to make diesel, gasoline and jet fuel. Pemex, however, isn’t capitalizing in the same way as other oil companies.
随着全球油价飙升，该公司减少了原油出口量。相反，墨西哥石油公司增加了国内原油加工量，这是辛鲍姆计划的一部分，旨在使墨西哥更加能源独立，并保护消费者免受高油价影响。
As global prices have surged, the company has cut back on exporting barrels. Instead, Pemex is refining more crude domestically as part of Sheinbaum’s plan to make Mexico more energy independent and shield consumers from high prices.