美国联邦法官周五暂时禁止唐纳德·特朗普总统政府执行新政策，移民权益团体称这些政策旨在加速驱逐寻求庇护的无人陪伴儿童。
A federal judge on Friday temporarily blocked US President Donald Trump's administration from enforcing new policies that immigrant rights groups said were designed to fast-track the deportations of unaccompanied children seeking asylum.
马里兰州格林贝尔特的美国地区法官布伦丹·赫尔森发布临时限制令，禁止美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）大幅缩短儿童获得庇护面谈通知的时间，并限制他们重新安排面谈的能力。
US District Judge Brendan Hurson in Greenbelt, Maryland, issued a temporary restraining order preventing US Citizenship and Immigration Services from dramatically shortening the amount of notice children get for asylum interviews and restricting their ability to reschedule them.
该禁令由代表移民儿童的法律服务提供机构申请，其中包括“移民权益艾米卡中心”（Amica Center for Immigrant Rights）和“The Door”组织。他们主张这些政策违法，且与法定儿童保护要求不符。
The order had been requested by legal service providers representing immigrant children including Amica Center for Immigrant Rights and The Door, who argued the policies were unlawful and inconsistent with statutory child-protection requirements.
赫尔森命令政府恢复此前管辖该流程的政策。他的裁决将持续有效至11月13日，在此期间他将考虑是否对这些政策发布长期禁令。
Hurson ordered the administration to reinstate prior policies governing the process. His ruling will remain in effect until November 13 while he considers whether to issue a longer-term block on the policies.
美国国土安全部（DHS）负责监管公民及移民服务局，该部门未回应置评请求。
The US Department of Homeland Security, which oversees USCIS, did not respond to a request for comment.
原告两周前提起的诉讼称，这位共和党总统的政府正在实施一项残酷且非法的计划，意在加速驱逐无人陪伴儿童。
The plaintiffs' lawsuit, which was filed two weeks ago, contended that the Republican president's administration was carrying out a cruel and unlawful scheme meant to rush the deportation of unaccompanied children.
原告针对公民及移民服务局在8月和9月采纳的两项政策，称这些政策使他们的组织难以、甚至无法为所服务的数千名儿童进行辩护。
The plaintiffs took aim at two policies USCIS adopted in August and September that they said made it difficult, if not impossible, for their organizations to advocate for the thousands of children they serve.
根据其中一项政策，公民及移民服务局取消了庇护面谈前21天提前通知的要求，转而仅在极短时间内通知无人陪伴儿童面谈安排——有时不足24小时。
Under one policy, USCIS moved to eliminate a 21-day advance notice requirement for asylum interviews and began instead providing unaccompanied children little notice — sometimes fewer than 24 hours — of their interviews being scheduled.
作为另一项相关政策的一部分，公民及移民服务局宣布，庇护面谈只有在证明存在“特殊情况”时才能重新安排，这一标准比以往更为严格。
USCIS as part of a separate, related policy announced that asylum interviews could only be rescheduled upon a showing of "exceptional circumstances," a stricter standard than was previously in place.
赫森表示，美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）目前为面谈提供的极短通知期限，与《2008年威廉·威尔伯福斯人口贩运受害者保护重新授权法案》相悖，该法案要求庇护程序须考虑到无人陪伴儿童的特殊需求。
Hurson said the minimal notice that USCIS was now providing for interviews was inconsistent with the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008, which required that the asylum process take into account the specialized needs of unaccompanied children.
这位由民主党总统乔·拜登任命的法官指出，该法律规定了“在面谈前的程序中，有义务考虑到无人陪伴儿童申请人的特殊需求”。他还表示，重新安排面谈的更严格标准同样违反了《行政程序法》，因此驳回了政府方面的辩称，即其规定仅仅反映了联邦法律的要求。
The judge, who was appointed by Democratic President Joe Biden, said the law imposes an "obligation to account for the specialized needs of unaccompanied child applicants in the procedure leading up to the interviews as well." He said the stricter standard for rescheduling interviews likewise ran afoul of the Administrative Procedure Act, as he rejected the administration's contention that its rule merely mirrored what federal law required.
该案为“The Door诉Edlow案”，审理法院为马里兰州联邦地区法院，案号：8:26-cv-04326。
The case is The Door v. Edlow, US District Court for the District of Maryland, No. 8:26-cv-04326.
原告代理律师：性别与难民研究中心的Melissa Crow、国家移民法律中心的Hannah Comstock、国家青年法律中心的Mishan Wroe以及审判影响项目的Sara Haji。被告代理律师：马里兰州联邦检察官办公室的Dayna Kipnis。
For the plaintiffs: Melissa Crow of the Center for Gender & Refugee Studies, Hannah Comstock of the National Immigration Law Center, Mishan Wroe of the National Center for Youth Law and Sara Haji of Trial Impact Project For the defense: Dayna Kipnis of the US Attorney's Office for the District of Maryland