
金·钱德勒 蒙哥马利,阿拉巴马州讯——当美国最高法院今年削弱《投票权法案》时,美国众议员肖马里·菲格斯就知道自己将成为攻击目标。
KIM CHANDLER MONTGOMERY, Ala. — When the U.S. Supreme Court gutted the Voting Rights Act this year, U.S. Rep. Shomari Figures knew he was going to be targeted.
阿拉巴马州由共和党控制的州议会随后重新划定了第2国会选区的边界,该选区是该州仅有的两个由民主党代表的选区之一,此举旨在让共和党更容易获胜。
Alabama’s Republican-controlled Legislature soon after redrew the 2nd Congressional District , one of only two in the state represented by a Democrat, to make it easier for the GOP to win.
菲格斯是几位选区被重新划定的黑人国会议员之一,他打乱了这一计划。他正在努力保住自己的席位,不仅通过动员蒙哥马利和塔斯基吉等城市的黑人选民——这两座城市都深深植根于美国民权运动的历史——还深入保守地区与选民交谈,抓住他们对食品、燃料和肥料价格上涨的担忧。
Figures, one of several Black members of Congress who saw their districts redrawn, has complicated that plan. He is fighting to hold on to his seat by not only rallying Black voters in cities such as Montgomery and Tuskegee, both steeped in the nation’s struggle for civil rights, but also talking to voters deep in conservative territory, tugging at their concerns over rising prices of food, fuel and fertilizer.
“我们知道牌局被操纵了。我们知道游戏进行到一半时规则被改变了,但我们知道我们必须做什么,”菲格斯最近在蒙哥马利对一群欢呼的人群说。“我们所要做的就是出现。我们所要做的就是表现出色。我们所要做的就是战斗。”全国性团体已经注意到了这一点。
“We know that the deck has been stacked. We know that the rules have been changed in the middle of the game, but we know what we’ve got to do,” Figures told a cheering crowd recently in Montgomery. “All we’ve got to do is show up. All we’ve got to do is show out. All we’ve got to do is fight.”National groups have taken notice.
据AdImpact称,过去七周内,该选区的电视广告支出从几乎为零增加到近1000万美元,民主党团体的支出超过了共和党。菲格斯与州立法者雷特·马奎斯的竞选正在引起关注,马奎斯获得了总统唐纳德·特朗普的背书,这场竞选被视为共和党试图维持国会多数席位时可能面临麻烦的又一个迹象。这场竞选也已成为黑人选民的集结点,他们对南方各州在最高法院裁决后迅速操纵国会选区边界感到愤怒。
Spending on television advertising in the district has gone from almost nothing to nearly $10 million in the past seven weeks, according to AdImpact, with Democratic groups outspending Republicans. Figures’ race against Rhett Marques, a state lawmaker endorsed by President Donald Trump , is drawing attention as another sign of potential trouble for Republicans as they try to hold their majorities in Congress . The contest also has become a rallying point for Black voters angry over how Southern states swiftly gerrymandered congressional districts after the Supreme Court decision.
美国参议员科里·布克表示,阿拉巴马州的选举是一个传递投票权信息的机会。
U.S. Sen. Cory Booker said the Alabama election is an opportunity to send a message on voting rights.
“阿拉巴马州的人民再次有机会表明,这是一个道德时刻——绝不在我的任期内发生,”布克(民主党-新泽西州)在与菲格斯共同出席的竞选集会上表示。“当你们试图夺走我们的力量时,我不会坐视不管。” 菲格斯于2024年当选,此前联邦法院下令重新划分选区,裁定州立法机构非法稀释了黑人居民的投票权。阿拉巴马州27%的人口为黑人,拥有七个联邦众议院席位。随着菲格斯的胜利,该州历史上首次增选了第二位黑人国会议员,使其代表性与人口结构相符。
“The people of Alabama have a chance again to say this is a moral moment — not on my watch,” Booker, D-N.J., said during a campaign stop with Figures. “I will not stay seated while you try to take away our power.”Figures was elected in 2024 after a federal court ordered new districts, ruling that the Legislature had unlawfully diluted the voting power of Black residents. Alabama is 27% Black and has seven U.S. House seats. With Figures’ victory, the state added a second Black member of Congress for the first time in its history, aligning its representation with its demographics.
但最高法院上一任期的裁决为重新划分界线铺平了道路。阿拉巴马州选举日使用的地图将菲格斯选区的黑人投票年龄人口比例从48%降至40%,使该选区更倾向于共和党。两年前,特朗普在新选区范围内以14个百分点的优势获胜。
But the Supreme Court decision last term paved the way for drawing new lines. The map Alabama is using on Election Day reduces the Black voting-age population in Figures’ district from 48% to 40%, making the district more likely to go Republican. Trump carried the area within the new district by 14 percentage points two years ago.
尽管该选区偏向保守,民主党希望重新划分选区引发的反弹和对经济的不满将在周二激发选民投票,让菲格斯重返国会。
Despite the district’s conservative lean, Democrats are hoping a redistricting backlash and frustration over the economy will galvanize voters on Tuesday and send Figures back to Congress.
一些黑人选民表示,他们在选区重划中看到了该州吉姆·克劳法时代的回响。
Some Black voters say they see echoes of the state’s Jim Crow past in the redrawing of the district.
“我今年75岁,历史正在重演,”蒙哥马利市退休代课教师弗朗西斯·范宁说。
“I’m 75, and history is repeating itself,” said Francis Fanning, a retired substitute teacher in Montgomery.
谢扬·韦伯-克里斯伯格1965年时年仅8岁,她和其他争取投票权的游行者在塞尔玛遭到执法人员袭击。
Sheyann Webb-Christburg was 8 in 1965 when she and other voting rights marchers were attacked by law enforcement in Selma.
“非裔美国人为争取投票权付出了大量的鲜血、汗水和泪水,”现居蒙哥马利的韦伯-克里斯伯格说,她回忆起两年前菲格斯当选时的激动心情。
“Much blood, sweat and tears was shed in an effort for African Americans to gain their right to vote,” said Webb-Christburg, who lives in Montgomery, and remembers a feeling of excitement when Figures was elected two years ago.
“我们身处这种境地,非常悲哀,”她说。“但我们必须像60年代那样继续前行。发出我们的声音,因为我们永远保持着希望。” 对共和党而言,新界线关乎夺回一个在联邦法院介入修改前一直可靠支持共和党的选区。
“It’s very sad that we are in this place,” she said. “But we still got to continue just as we did back in the ‘60s. Lift our voices, because we always keep hope alive.”For the GOP, the new lines are about reclaiming a district that was reliably Republican before it was altered by the federal court.
“我们不仅有机会在这里的亚拉巴马州把一个民主党席位夺回共和党手中,而且通过胜利还能保住众议院的多数席位,”马奎斯说。
“We have an opportunity to not only flip a seat from Democrat back to Republican here in Alabama, but to also hold the majority in the House with a win,” Marques said.
他强调自己的立法记录,其中包括支持学校选择、执法部门,以及限制跨性别运动员参加女子体育比赛和未成年人接受性别确认治疗。马奎斯说,他更符合“这个选区的亚拉巴马州价值观”。他承认选民对负担能力的担忧,但将责任归咎于民主党总统乔·拜登的政府。
He emphasizes his legislative record, which includes support for school choice, law enforcement and restrictions on transgender athletes’ participation in girls sports and gender-affirming care for minors . Marques said he is more aligned with “the Alabama values in this district.”He acknowledged voter concerns about affordability, but put the blame on Democratic President Joe Biden’s administration.
马奎斯与该选区的共和党大本营关系深厚,他曾在恩特普莱斯市议会任职,并经营一家汽车商店数十年。
Marques has deep ties to the heavily Republican areas of the district, where he served on the Enterprise City Council and ran an automotive store for decades.
“我了解他的价值观,我信任他,”科菲县警长斯科特·伯德说,他曾与马奎斯一起出席当地执法官员的活动。
“I know his values and I trust him,” said Coffee County Sheriff Scott Byrd, who appeared with Marques at an event with local law enforcement officials.
共和党人对夺回该席位持乐观态度,但也对投票率可能不高表示担忧,因为菲格斯正在开展积极的竞选活动。马奎斯说,他预计“如果共和党人和相信自由的人们”去投票,他就能获胜。
Republicans are optimistic about reclaiming the seat, but have expressed concerns about the potential for lackluster turnout as Figures mounts an aggressive campaign. Marques said he expects to prevail “if the Republicans and the people who believe in freedom” go vote.
美国众议院多数党领袖史蒂夫·斯卡利斯说,该选区是将决定国会控制权的三十多个摇摆席位之一。
U.S. House Majority Leader Steve Scalise said the district is one of three dozen swing seats that will determine control of Congress.
“这个席位绝对会对国家的方向产生更大的影响。我们想要根植于常识的保守政策,还是想要极左社会主义者?”斯卡利斯在路易斯安那州共和党人身份下,在多森市为马奎斯举办的竞选活动上说。
“This seat absolutely will have a larger say on the direction of the country. Do we want conservative policies that are rooted in common sense, or do you want far-left socialists?”Scalise, R-La., said at a campaign event for Marques in the city of Dothan.
菲格斯一直在共和党和民主党的大本营地区竞选,他试图最大限度地提高民主党投票率,同时说服更多保守派和独立选民。
Figures has been campaigning in both heavily Republican and Democratic areas as he seeks to maximize Democratic turnout while trying to persuade more conservative and independent voters.
他说,负担能力是所有选民面临的首要问题,从杂货和汽油价格到农民高昂的化肥成本。
He said affordability is the overriding issue facing all voters, from grocery and gas prices to farmers’ high fertilizer costs .
“这个国家的生活成本正在失控。而且我们并非来自那些人们有能力继续为每加仑4美元的汽油或每磅8美元的绞肉花钱的选区或州,”菲格斯说。
“The cost of living in this country is getting out of control. And we don’t come from a district or a state where people have the means to just continue to pump out money for $4 a gallon for gas or $8 for ground beef,” Figures said.
菲格斯经常指出,阿拉巴马州的个人中位数收入为3.4万美元,人们在医院和医疗保健方面面临困难。他将这场竞选描述为“一个有为民服务记录的人”与“在那里为总统服务的人”之间的选择。
Figures often notes that the median individual income in Alabama is $34,000 and people struggle with access to hospitals and health care. He framed the race as a choice between “someone with a record of serving the people” or someone there to serve a president.
十月的一个周末,他行程密集,包括在企业市一年一度的棉铃虫秋季节上迎接民众。企业市是一个以白人为主、人口约3.1万的城市。这个节日以一种破坏棉花的昆虫命名,该昆虫一个多世纪前迫使该社区转向更有利可图的花生种植。
On an October weekend, his heavy schedule of stops included greeting people at the annual Boll Weevil Fall Festival in Enterprise, a predominantly white city of about 31,000. The festival is named for the cotton-destroying insect that forced the community’s pivot to more prosperous peanut farming a century ago.
第二天,他在附近多森的大量黑人教堂中连续露面,敦促人们投票。
The next day, he made a string of appearances through largely Black churches in nearby Dothan, urging people to vote.
菲格斯经常指出,该选区从未被划为黑人占多数,最初是在黑人和白人选民之间平均分配的。
Figures often notes that the district was never drawn as majority Black, but initially was split evenly between Black and white voters.
在强烈共和党的休斯顿县的一家以黑人为主的大比尤拉浸信会发表讲话时,菲格斯说,该选区被重新划分,使得“长得像我这样的人”更难获胜。但这并不意味着不可能,他说。
Speaking at Greater Beulah Baptist Church, a predominantly Black church in strongly Republican Houston County, Figures said the district was reconfigured in a way that makes it more difficult for “somebody who looks like me” to be able to win. That doesn’t mean it’s not possible, he said.
“尽管他们正在改变选区界线,我们仍然有权出席并让自己的声音被听到,”他说。
“Even though they are changing district lines, we still have the right to show up and make our voices heard,” he said.