墨尔本街头艺术作品描绘了新西兰前总理杰辛达·阿德恩。新西兰前总理已移居澳大利亚并在悉尼大学任教——并从该市著名地标的舞台上发声。现将悉尼视为家的杰辛达·阿德恩周日从悉尼歌剧院的舞台上向澳大利亚政界人士传达了一项信息。
Melbourne street art depicting the former New Zealand prime minister Jacinda Ardern. Zealand prime minister has moved to Australia and is lecturing at University of Sydney – and from stage of city’s famous landmark Jacinda Ardern, who now calls Sydney home, has delivered a message to Australian politicians from the stage of the city’s Opera House.
这位从新西兰前总理转型为学者的阿德恩对现场观众表示，政客们正在加剧社会内部的两极分化问题，需要做得更好。
Politicians, the former New Zealand prime minister turned academic told the audience on Sunday, were exacerbating the problem of polarisation within society and needed to be better.
阿德恩在与作家安娜·方德的对谈中表示：“我们有责任不从事二元思维，不使用暴力语言，而是在深度不安全感的时代通过建立财务安全感来重建信任。”
“We have a responsibility not to engage in binary thinking, not to engage in the language of violence, [but] to rebuild trust by building financial security in a time of deep insecurity,” Ardern said during a forum with the author Anna Funder.
“我们本可以做些事情，但目前我们是在让情况变得更糟，而非更好。”阿德恩表示，在过去几十年里，随着全球化的推进，世界各地的人们感到一种日益增强的不安全感，并开始攻击世界贸易组织等机构。
“There are things we could be doing but, right now, we’re making it worse, not better.”In the past few decades, people across the world felt an increasing sense of insecurity as globalisation took hold, and they began attacking institutions like the World Trade Organization, Ardern said.
她说，政客们提出了诸如英国脱欧之类的提案来回应这种不安全感——意思是“这是你们该怪罪的对象”——这随后为唐纳德·特朗普等领导人的崛起铺平了道路。
Politicians offered proposals such as Brexit in response to the insecurity – saying “Here’s what you blame” – which then paved the way for the rise of leaders like Donald Trump, she said.
这位46岁的前总理今年早些时候移居澳大利亚。她于9月在北部海滩购置了一处房产，上周透露将在悉尼大学进行讲学和指导。
The 46-year-old moved to Australia earlier this year. She purchased a house on the northern beaches in September and last week revealed she would be lecturing and mentoring at the University of Sydney.
周日的演讲被宣传为汇聚“世界两位杰出思想家”，探讨“我们能否在不分裂的情况下持不同意见？”
Sunday’s talk was advertised as bringing together “two of the world’s leading thinkers” to discuss “can we disagree without becoming divided?
阿德恩谈到公共话语中日益加剧的两极分化时表示：“问题不仅在于你持有不同意见，而在于你如此深刻地坚持该意见，以至于你认为自己拥有对方所不具备的道德清晰度。”
“It’s not just that you hold a different opinion, it’s that you hold it so deeply that you have this view you’ve got moral clarity that is not being held by the other person,” Ardern said of the growing polarisation in public discourse.
“因此，你根本无法再与他们进行接触。这使得营造我们解决问题所需的讨论氛围变得困难得多。”阿德恩和芬德是在针对独立议员海伦·海恩斯据称遇袭事件发生两周后发表上述讲话的。这位前新西兰总理没有明确提及该事件，但强调政治人物和领导人需要意识到他们所确定的基调。她对听众表示，社交媒体使人们更难改变自己的观点。
“Therefore, you couldn’t possibly engage with them anymore. It’s made it much more difficult to create the discourse that we need to problem solve.”Ardern and Funder were speaking a fortnight after the alleged attack on independent MP Helen Haines The former NZ PM did not mention the incident explicitly but stressed politicians and leaders needed to be aware of the tone they set. Social media had made it more difficult for people to change their views, she told the audience.
阿德恩说：“你的意见被记录并定格在时间里，而一个健康民主制度的很大一部分在于你能够展开辩论，并根据关于信息的新证据改变自己的观点……那种环境让这变得更加困难。”
“Your opinions are recorded and held in time, and when so much of a healthy democracy is your ability to have debate and shift your views based on new evidence of information … that environment makes it more difficult,” Ardern said.
2008年她刚进入政坛时，不仅是新西兰议会中最年轻的在任议员，也是第一个带着现有社交媒体账号入职的议员。
When she entered politics in 2008, she was not only the youngest sitting MP in the New Zealand parliament, but also the first to enter with an existing social media account.
当时，许多政治人物——包括阿德恩——都对利用社交媒体与选民直接沟通感到兴奋。她说：“我太天真了，竟然没有考虑到这意味着对信息的操纵。”
At the time, many politicians – including Ardern – were excited to use social media to communicate directly with voters. “I was so naive not to think about the fact that that meant the manipulation of information,” she said.
她对网络世界的看法在2019年3月15日发生了改变——那是基督城清真寺枪击案发生的当天。
Her view of the online world changed on 15 March 2019 – the day of the Christchurch mosque shootings.
她周日表示：“一名在国内遭到极端化的恐怖分子将本土恐怖袭击带到了我们的海岸，并利用Facebook广播了这种狂热，以煽动其他白人至上主义者实施暴力。那是我就彻底理解了武器化。”阿德恩说，不信任感多年来一直在积聚，现在正通过选民的委屈感和闭关自守心态表现出来，并补充说政治人物一直未能解决这一问题。
“A domestic terror attack came to our shores by someone who was radicalised on YouTube and who broadcast that mania in order to incite violence amongst other white supremacists using Facebook,” she said on Sunday. “That’s when I fully understood the weaponisation.”Mistrust has been building for years and was now playing out in voters’ sense of grievance and insularity, Ardern said, adding politicians had not been able to address it.
她说：“在你看到这种不信任激增的每一个关键节点，你都会看到人们的感受和经历受到干扰，以及政治应对的失败。”
“At every point where you see this spike in mistrust, you see this disruption in what people are feeling and experiencing, and a failure of a political response to it.
“我们并未解决问题的核心；事实上，我们反而将其武器化了，用指责和对他人的不信任来武装它。我们面临的不仅是信任危机，更是领导力危机。”阿德恩认为，同理心是解决之道的一部分。
“We’ve not fixed the core of the problem; in fact, we’ve then weaponised it with blame and distrust of others. We have not just a crisis of trust; we have a crisis of leadership.”Ardern suggested empathy was part of the solution.
“同理心给政治带来的是我们现在所缺失的东西。它带来谦逊，带来好奇心，”她说。“如果政治中能多一些谦逊——那将产生多大的不同啊。”
“What empathy brings to politics is a thing that we’re missing now. It brings humility, it brings curiosity,” she said. “If we had more humility in politics – what a difference that would make.”