法国国民议会已投票决定，对公司向法国互联网用户发送的每千兆字节数据征税。该措施是2027年预算的一项修正案，将向内容提供商征收每千兆字节0.055欧元的税费。其社会党籍起草人估计，这每年将带来100亿欧元的收入。根据会议正式记录，该修正案于周五以11票赞成、10票反对、14票弃权通过。
France’s National Assembly has voted to tax companies for every gigabyte of data they send to French internet users. The measure, an amendment to the 2027 budget, would charge content providers €0.055 per gigabyte. Its Socialist authors estimate it would raise €10bn a year. It passed by 11 votes to 10 on Friday, with 14 abstentions, according to the official record of the session.
政府和财政委员会均反对该修正案。此次投票只是第一步。该税项必须在预算流程的其余阶段中存活下来，才能成为法律。
The government and the finance committee both opposed it. The vote is only a first step. The tax must survive the rest of the budget process to become law.
千兆字节税如何运作根据修正案文本，互联网服务提供商将测量流向其客户的数据，并记录是哪家公司发送的。它们将在电信监管机构Arcep的监督下，每季度向税务机关报告总量。文本禁止记录数据的内容或去向。
How the gigabyte tax would work Internet providers would measure the data flowing to their customers and note which company sent it, under the text of the amendment. They would report the totals to the tax authorities every quarter, under the supervision of telecoms regulator Arcep. The text bars any record of what the data contains or where it goes.
部分数据通过内容分发网络传输，这些网络在用户附近存储副本。这些数据将在离开网络时计算在内。文本将税收上限设定为公司在法国收入的15%或其全球收入的2%。
Some data travels through content delivery networks, which store copies close to users. That data would count as it leaves the network. The text caps the tax at 15% of a company’s French revenue or 2% of its global revenue.
修正案的说明理由引用了Arcep的一项估计，即每年有2000亿千兆字节数据到达法国互联网用户。文本称，谷歌、Meta、亚马逊、奈飞和Akamai占了这部分流量的一半左右。
The amendment’s explanatory note cites an Arcep estimate that 200bn gigabytes reach French internet subscribers each year. It says Google, Meta, Amazon, Netflix and Akamai account for about half of that traffic.
“我看不出税收如何能转嫁给Facebook、Instagram或TikTok的用户，因为这些服务是免费的。” 修正案作者洛朗·拉尔迪在国民议会表示（TNW翻译）。
“I fail to see how a tax can be passed on to users of Facebook, Instagram or TikTok, since these services are free.”Laurent Lhardit, the amendment’s author, in the Assembly (TNW translation) Who else would pay Public accounts minister David Amiel told MPs the scheme would need sensors on the networks, or measurement on users’ own devices.
谁还将买单公共账目部长达维德·阿米耶尔告诉议员们，该方案将需要在网络上部署传感器，或在用户自己的设备上进行测量。他说，一半的税收将落在较小的内容提供商身上，其中许多是法国公司。按起草人自己的估计，这约为50亿欧元。财政委员会总报告员菲利普·朱万警告称，大型平台可能将成本转嫁给广告商。
Half of the tax would fall on smaller content providers, many of them French, he said. On the authors’ own estimate, that is about €5bn. Philippe Juvin, the finance committee’s general rapporteur, warned that the big platforms could pass the cost on to advertisers.
“因此，法国社会党人和议会成员刚刚投票通过了一项他们并不理解的税收，这将使 VideoLAN 每年损失超过 100 万欧元。” VideoLAN 在《后续发展》一文中写道。
“So, the French socialists, and Parliament members just voted a tax, that they don’t understand, which would cost VideoLAN more than 1 million euro per year.”VideoLAN, on What happens next The Senate, where the conservative Les Républicains hold a majority, is unlikely to back it, Martin Clavey reported for Next.
据 Next 的 Martin Clavey 报道，由保守派“共和党”占多数的参议院不太可能支持该税收。政府也可能强行通过预算而无需最终表决。在这种情况下，政府可以将该修正案排除在文本之外，Next 指出。
The government could also force the budget through without a final vote. In that case, it can leave the amendment out of the text, Next noted.
6 月，特朗普总统曾威胁对数字服务税征收 100% 关税。Amiel 告诉议员们，法国已拥有对大型科技公司征税的工具，例如其数字服务税。他还指出了欧盟的反垄断罚款，法国表示这应减少其对欧盟的缴款。
In June, President Trump threatened 100% tariffs over digital services taxes. Amiel told MPs France already has tools to tax big tech, such as its digital services tax. He also pointed to EU competition fines, which France says should cut EU contributions.