安东尼娅是驻基辅的记者，报道乌克兰和俄罗斯事务。她入围了2025年自由记者奖“最佳早期职业记者”奖项。 格林威治标准时间下午6:11 拉娅用裹在肩上的乌克兰国旗擦去眼泪，回忆起一名手持自动步枪的俄罗斯士兵强行闯入她位于被占领的奥列什基家中的那一天。
Antonia is a reporter based in Kyiv who covers Ukraine and Russia. She was shortlisted for Best Early Career Journalist in the Freelance Journalist Awards 2025 6:11pm GMT Raya used the Ukrainian flag wrapped around her shoulders to wipe the tears from her eyes as she recalled the day a Russian soldier armed with an automatic rifle forced his way into her home in occupied Oleshky.
这位63岁的退休老人说，他用武器威胁她，并要求给私酿酒。“我就站在那里，浑身发抖，他却站在那里笑着说：‘你哭什么？’”他在离开后，她花了两天才从震惊中缓过神来。当一位邻居来探望时，被拉娅的样子吓了一跳，告诉她看起来“脸色惨白，像泥土一样”。
He threatened her with the weapon and demanded moonshine, the 63-year-old pensioner said. “I was standing there, trembling all over, and he just stood there smiling and saying, ‘Why are you crying?’”It took her two days to recover from the shock after he left. When a neighbour came to visit, she was taken aback by Raya’s appearance and told her she looked “pale as clay”.
“还能长什么样？”她记得自己这么回答。“他用自动步枪威胁我。” 拉娅·列奥尼多夫娜，63岁 这位流离失所的妇女在返回乌克兰后接受了《每日电讯报》采访，此前她经历了一段长达数日的艰难旅程，从受创严重的前线城镇家园出发，穿越乌克兰被俄罗斯占领的领土，到达俄罗斯南部的阿纳帕，再前往白俄罗斯的戈梅利。
“How else would I look?” she remembered replying. “He was threatening me with an automatic rifle.”Raya Leonidovna, 63 The displaced woman spoke to The Telegraph upon her return to Ukraine after a gruelling journey lasting several days that had taken her far from her home in the devastated front-line town, through Russian-occupied territory in Ukraine, to Anapa in southern Russia and onwards to Gomel in Belarus.
从那里，她和其他从奥列什基撤离的居民乘坐一队大巴，挥手、哭泣、飞吻，穿过边境进入乌克兰。
From there, she and other evacuated residents from Oleshky swept across the border into Ukraine, waving, weeping and blowing kisses from the windows of a convoy of buses.
当车门滑开时，在该国北部的一个设施里，他们涌了出来，每个人都披着乌克兰国旗，高呼“荣耀属于乌克兰”和“荣耀属于英雄”，并拥抱围观者。
As the doors slid open, at a facility in the north of the country, they poured out, each person draped in a Ukrainian flag, chanting a refrain of “Slava Ukraini” [Glory to Ukraine] and “Heroyam slava” [Glory to the heroes] and embracing onlookers.
“能呼吸自由乌克兰的空气，我太高兴了！”一名男子拄着拐杖一瘸一拐地走过，在迎接他的女子双颊上各亲了一口，激动地喊道。然而，在欢欣之下，奥列什基幸存者们掩饰不住深深的悲伤。
“How glad I am to breathe the air of a free Ukraine!” one man exclaimed as he limped past on crutches, placing an enthusiastic kiss on each cheek of the woman who greeted him. Yet beneath the elation lay unmistakable sorrow among the survivors from Oleshky.
面容憔悴，眼窝深陷；许多人身上有明显伤口，有人失去了肢体，还有人一下大巴就被送进了等候的救护车。
Faces were gaunt and eyes deeply shadowed; many bore visible wounds, some had lost limbs, and others were ushered straight from the buses into waiting ambulances.
一名安全从奥列什基抵达的乌克兰人如释重负 这个赫尔松州城镇于2022年2月被占领，今年大半时间因战斗和无人机而被孤立，导致食品和药品运送在5月后完全中断，陷入了严重的人道主义危机。
A relieved Ukrainian after arriving safely from Oleshky The Kherson-region town, which was occupied in February 2022, has been gripped by a severe humanitarian crisis for much of this year after it became isolated by fighting and drones, preventing food and medicine deliveries entirely after May.
乌克兰官员估计，在梅拉尼娅·特朗普和教皇斡旋达成局部停火、为居民提供短暂撤离窗口之前，约有2000名居民留在奥列什基。
Ukrainian officials estimated that around 2,000 residents remained in Oleshky before a localised ceasefire brokered by Melania Trump and the Pope provided a short window for them to leave earlier this week.
90岁的斯维特兰娜·瓦西利夫娜在奥列什基生活了64年，于本周离开。她告诉《每日电讯报》，在占领期间她几乎不敢走出家门，即使自家二楼在2022年被大火烧毁、一楼在次年被淹。
90-year-old Svitlana Vasylivna had lived in Oleshky for 64 years before leaving this week. She told The Telegraph that she had scarcely dared venture beyond her front door during the occupation, even after the upper floor of her home was destroyed by fire in 2022 and its ground floor flooded the following year.
她说，2025年情况变得越来越绝望，但她靠当地教会提供的食品包裹和自家鸡下的鲜蛋熬了下来。
Conditions became increasingly desperate in 2025, she said, but she survived through packages of food supplied by the local church and relied on her chickens to keep her supplied with fresh eggs.
后来食品运送停了，俄罗斯士兵炮击了她的围栏，让鸡群失去了保护，面对成群结队、饥饿的流浪狗——这些狗是逃离的主人遗弃的——毫无招架之力。到今年，已是“简直什么都没有”可吃。
Then the food deliveries stopped and Russian soldiers shelled her fence, leaving the chickens defenceless against the packs of roaming, starving stray dogs abandoned by their owners who had fled. By this year, there was “simply nothing” to eat.
“我只剩一点谷物，吃得太腻了，根本咽不下去。我只觉得心里空落落的，心疼得厉害，尤其是我只有55公斤，”斯维特兰娜说着，用皮包骨的手指了指自己的肚子。
“All I had was a bit of grain and I was so sick of it that I couldn’t eat it any more. I just felt this emptiness inside, my heart hurt, especially since I only weigh 55 kilograms,” Svitlana said, gesturing towards her stomach with bony hands.
即便如此，她仍难以下定决心离开家园，但意识到留下来意味着在寒冷荒凉的冬天里必死无疑：“我所有的窗户都被震碎了，屋里的一切都烧毁了，整个地方敞开着。水管爆裂了，没有暖气，我冻得发抖。我不知道自己是怎么熬过来的。”
Even then she could hardly bring herself to leave her home, but realised that to remain would have meant certain death in a bitter, barren winter: “All my windows were shattered, everything inside had burned down and the whole place was wide open. The pipes had burst, there was no heating, I was freezing. I have no idea how I survived.”
靠野草度日 同镇的其他人说，他们靠在定期遭受炮击的菜园里种植的蔬菜，以及从荒野中采挖的食用野草存活下来。“这基本上是一场生存考验，”65岁的柳芭说。“并非每个人都有条件给菜园浇水或种植作物，所以我们真正团结在一起，互相分享我们拥有的东西。
Surviving on weeds Others in the town said they survived on home-grown vegetables in allotments that were periodically shelled, and on edible weeds foraged from the wilderness. “It was basically a test of survival,” said 65-year-old Liuba. “Not everyone had the means to water their garden or plant things, so we really pulled together and shared what we had with one another.
“最近人们用一种食用野菜熬汤。这很困难，但我们确实互相帮助，并一直等待生活出现转机。” 随着局势恶化，一些居民尝试踏上前往附近城镇拉登斯克的危险旅程，该镇位于东南方向约12英里（约19公里）处，以寻找补给。路线沿着一条布满地雷、并有第一人称视角（FPV）自杀式无人机巡逻的道路。
“Lately people were making soup using a type of edible wild green. It was difficult [to feed everyone] but we really helped one another, and kept waiting for something to change in our lives.”As the situation deteriorated, some residents attempted the perilous journey to the nearby town of Radensk, some 12 miles to the southeast, in search of provisions. The route took them along a road riddled with landmines and patrolled by first-person-view (FPV) killer drones.
一只宠物狗也在漫长旅程后找到了庇护所 道路上散落着尸体和烧焦的汽车，对于那些徒步、骑自行车或驾车冒险前行的人来说，这条路往往是致命的。
A pet dog was among those that found sanctuary after their long journey Strewn with corpses and charred cars, the road was often lethal for those who braved it on foot, on bicycles or in vehicles.
66岁的乌克兰希腊裔居民弗拉基米尔·佐拉基说，他曾试图带三名女子前往拉登斯克，但他们的车辆触雷，导致所有人都受了重伤。
Volodymyr Tsolaki, 66, a Ukrainian of Greek descent, said that he had attempted to travel to Radensk with three women but all were severely wounded when their vehicle hit a landmine.
“我过得最好，”他指着受伤的腿说。“我救了他们，把他们送到了医院。他们无法离开[奥列什基]，因为他们的状况非常糟糕，伤势严重。”这位希腊裔乌克兰人弗拉基米尔·佐拉基说道。
另一位居民、75岁的妮娜说，一位老妇人试图穿过马路时，因头顶盘旋、寻找猎杀目标的“神风”无人机构成威胁，被迫在树林里度过了一夜。
“I was the one who fared the best,” he said, pointing towards his injured leg. “I saved them, took them to the hospital. They couldn’t get out [of Oleshky] because they were in really bad shape, severely wounded.”Volodymyr Tsolaki, a Unkrainian of Greek descent Another resident, 75-year-old Nina, said that one elderly woman had been forced to spend the night in the woods after attempting to traverse the road, owing to the danger posed by the kamikaze drones prowling overhead looking for people to hunt.
居民们说，回到这座前线城镇，没有一栋房屋完好无损。“我家一扇窗户都没剩下，”拉亚说。“门勉强挂着。所有窗户都用木板封死了。”妮娜提到头顶盘旋的“神风”无人机。她说，5月份，一枚炮弹击中了她的家，导致她脑震荡、左锁骨受伤。这件事，加上她与俄罗斯士兵的惊心动魄的遭遇，促使她决定离开。
Back in the front-line town, no homes had been left undamaged, residents said. “I don’t have a single window left,” Raya said. “The doors are barely hanging on. All the windows are boarded up.”Nina spoke of kamikaze drones prowling overhead In May, a shell hit her home, causing a concussion and injuring her left collarbone, she said. This, alongside her harrowing experience with the Russian soldier, contributed to her decision to leave.
上个月发布的一段无日期无人机视频的定格画面显示，奥列什基的建筑物被毁。与其他居民不同，她说自己几乎不抱希望能再回来。“火灾发生时，我们拿着水管到处跑着灭火，自家、邻居家都去，”她回忆道。
A still image taken from an undated drone video released last month shows a destroyed buildings in Oleshky Unlike other residents, she said she has few hopes that she will ever return. “When the fires start, we run around with a hose putting them out, at our places, at the neighbours’ places too,” she recollected.
“但现在谁来灭火？房子只会烧毁——将不剩下任何可供返回的东西。”虽然留下来的大多是老人和残疾人，但也有少数儿童经历了数年的占领和数月的饥饿。当被问及是否高兴回到乌克兰时，9岁的伊万害羞地回答“是的”。
“But who’s going to put it out now? The houses will just burn down – there will be nothing left to go back to.”Though many of those who had remained were elderly and had disabilities, a small number of children had also endured the years of occupation and months of starvation. When asked whether he was glad to have arrived back in Ukraine, 9-year-old Ivan answered with a shy “yes”.
“他在夜晚特别害怕，因为巴巴亚加无人机会在头顶飞过，”伊万的母亲解释道。“无人机、炮弹——当它们开火时，东西会发出哨音并飞过我们头顶。”伊万，9岁，和他的母亲“一架无人机击中了我们院子里的汽车，另一架也击中了院子——东西四处落下，碎片四处飞溅，”她补充道。
“He was so terrified, especially at night when Baba Yaga drones would fly overhead,” Ivan’s mother explained. “Drones, mortars – when they’re firing, things whistle and fly right over us.”Ivan, 9, with his mother“One drone struck our car in the courtyard and another hit the courtyard too – things were landing all around us, shrapnel flying everywhere,” she added.
一些人等了多年才得以见到被占领奥莱斯基围困的亲人。19岁的利萨·帕利和她的姐姐达莉亚，16岁，自从他们逃离奥莱斯基、父亲米哈伊洛坚持留下后，已有三年未见父亲。
Some had waited years to see their relatives who had been trapped in occupied Oleshky. 19-year-old Liza Paliy and her sister Daria, 16, had not seen their father Mykhailo for the three years since they fled Oleshky, when he insisted on staying behind.
扎娜·帕塔霍娃、丈夫米哈伊洛、长女伊丽莎白和小女儿达莉亚。当被问及到他到来时会说什么，利萨说：“你可能不理解，但我会对他非常生气。因为有很多大声喧哗，有很多争吵，有很多恳求。”
Zhanna Ptakhova, husband Mykhailo, eldest daughter Elizaveta and youngest Daria When asked what she would say to him upon his arrival, Liza said: “You might not understand this, but I’m going to be really angry with him. Because there was a lot of shouting, there were a lot of arguments, there was a lot of coaxing.
“我可能会先哭出来，我会非常高兴，但我仍会对他生气，因为在此期间他让我们经历了地狱。”果然，当米哈伊洛从巴士上走下来，利萨和达莉亚用沙哑的嗓音尖叫“爸爸！爸爸！”，并在母亲扎娜的怀抱中紧紧拥抱他，泪水不止，充满喜悦的泪水。
“I’ll probably burst into tears at first, I’ll be so relieved, but I’ll still be a bit angry with him for putting us through hell in the meantime.”Sure enough, as Mykhailo emerged from the bus, Liza and Daria screamed “Dad! Dad!” with hoarse voices as they embraced him alongside their mother Zhanna, shedding uncontrollable tears of joy.
30岁的伊尔纳·莫日纳和她的女儿玛利亚，3岁。在家里，他们说，他们为他准备了一顿自制的菜肴——红菜汤配鲜肉，还有猪肉块。“他承诺会给我带酸黄瓜，”扎娜说。“把赫尔松酸黄瓜和基辅腊肉混在一起，一定很美味。这将是一顿大餐。”许多居民表示，他们仍然希望战后能够回家。
Iryna Mohylna, 30 years old, with her daughter Mariia, 3 At home, they said, they had prepared him a homemade meal of borshcht with salo, slabs of fatback. “He promised to bring me pickled tomatoes,” said Zhanna. “Combine Kherson pickled tomatoes and Kyiv lard, and you’ll have something delicious. It will be a great dinner.”Many of the residents said they still hoped it would be possible to return home after the war.
“我相信我会活到看到那一天，”70岁的尤迪米拉·奥茨尔瓦告诉《卫报》。“奥莱斯基拥有接近一千年的历史。它曾是哥萨克奥莱斯基营地的所在地——一个充满活力之人的地方。”
“I believe I will live to see it,” Liudmyla Otselova, 70, told The Telegraph. “Oleshky has a history spanning nearly a thousand years. It was the site of the Cossack Oleshky Sich – a place for spirited people.
“我希望自己能够看到奥莱斯基再次自由……奥莱斯基是乌克兰，它仍然是乌克兰。”
“I hope I live to see Oleshky free again… Oleshky was Ukraine, and it remains Ukrainian.”