英国国家审计署（NAO）表示，极端天气正在对英国公共财政产生可衡量的影响，铁路、监狱和医疗等领域受到的冲击日益加剧。
Extreme weather is having a measurable impact on Britain’s public finances as areas including railways, prisons and healthcare are increasingly affected, the UK’s National Audit Office said.
然而，国家审计署在周一发布的一份报告中指出，由于许多政府部门未能提供进行妥善评估所需的披露信息，损害的全貌仍难以衡量。
The full scale of the damage remains difficult to gauge, however, as many government departments are failing to provide the disclosures needed for a proper assessment, the NAO said in a report published on Monday.
国家审计署署长加雷斯·戴维斯在一份声明中说：“议会需要关于基础设施、服务供给和财政在气候变化面前的韧性，以及这些风险如何被管理的清晰信息。我们预期这种报告将随着时间的推移变得更加有用。”这是英国大型政府部门首次被要求公布其因全球变暖而面临的风险的完整细节。国家审计署表示，在许多情况下，了解此类风险敞口的工作仍处于早期阶段。它指出，披露信息对于帮助立法者跟踪英国公共服务的准备情况是必要的。
“Parliament needs clear information on the resilience of infrastructure, service provision and finances to climate change, and on how these risks are being managed,” said Gareth Davies, head of the NAO, in a statement. “We expect this reporting to become more useful over time.”This is the first year in which larger UK government departments have been required to publish the full details of the risks they face due to global warming. In many cases, efforts to understand such exposures remain at an early stage, the NAO said. Disclosures are necessary to help lawmakers keep track of how prepared the UK’s public services are, it said.
英国民众面临的极端高温期日益严重——在某些情况下甚至致命——且往往伴随突发洪水。今年夏天，强烈高温已导致道路和铁路受损，并使学校和医院酷热难耐、岌岌可危。与此同时，洪水发生得更加频繁，对铁路等关键基础设施的破坏性也更强。
Britons are facing increasingly severe — and in some cases deadly — periods of extreme heat followed by flash floods. Intense heat has already resulted in damage to roads and railways, and left schools and hospitals dangerously hot this summer. At the same time, floods are becoming more frequent and more destructive to key infrastructure such as railways.
国家审计署监测的披露信息中，洪水是最常见的风险。89%的监狱面临高洪水风险，而国家医疗服务体系（NHS）管理的场所在2024-25年度发生了391起洪水事件。国家审计署报告发现，过热的诸多影响之一是导致监狱内暴力倾向上升。
Flooding was the most common hazard identified in the disclosures monitored by the NAO. Some 89% of prisons face a high risk of flooding, while sites managed by the National Health Service saw 391 flooding incidents in 2024-25. Among the many impacts of overheating is the tendency toward more violence in prisons, the NAO report found.
“政府仍有大量工作要做，特别是在设定有意义的目标方面，”英国议会公共账目委员会主席杰弗里·克利夫顿-布朗在评论国家审计署的调查结果时表示。“报告质量的提升令人鼓舞，但议会和公众需要的不仅仅是一份风险清单：他们需要知道政府应对这些风险的准备程度如何。”
“Government still has much to do, particularly in setting meaningful targets,” said Geoffrey Clifton-Brown, chair of the UK Parliament’s Committee of Public Accounts, commenting on the NAO’s findings. “Better reporting is encouraging, but Parliament and the public need more than a list of risks: they need to know how prepared government is to manage them.”