
联盟党及其领袖安格斯·泰勒(Angus Taylor,图中人物)最近发布的气候声明“抛弃了长期支撑该党成功的自由党传统与价值观”。 摄影:Mick Tsikas/AAP 安德鲁·麦克拉兰(Andrew McLachlan)撰稿联盟党正在否定其在气候问题上的长期政策立场,甚至不惜抛弃其执政期间亲手建立的许多架构。这种思维并非源自保守传统,倒与激进派更为相似。依我之见,这是对长期支撑该党成功的自由党传统与价值观的抛弃。
The recent climate announcement from the Coalition and its leader Angus Taylor (pictured) ‘is an abandonment of the Liberal traditions and values that have long sustained the party’s success.’Photograph: Mick Tsikas/AAP Andrew McLachlan Coalition is repudiating its longstanding policy positions on climate, even to the extent of disowning many of the structures it created when in government. Such thinking is not from the conservative tradition and has more in common with the radical. In my view, it is an abandonment of the Liberal traditions and values that have long sustained the party’s success.
联盟党意图从澳大利亚法律中删除净零排放目标,废除净零经济局,改组(实为削弱)澳大利亚可再生能源局和清洁能源融资公司,并取消电动汽车税收优惠、电池补贴以及范围三排放报告要求。该党还打算取消向议会提交年度气候变化报告,并取消气候变化管理局就未来目标提供建议的法定授权。
The Coalition wants to remove net zero targets from Australian law, abolish the Net Zero Economy Agency, reform (read diminish) the Australian Renewable Energy Agency and the Clean Energy Finance Corporation as well as remove the electric vehicle tax concession, battery rebates and Scope 3 emission reporting requirements. It intends to cancel the annual Climate Change Statement to Parliament and remove the statutory mandate of the Climate Change Authority to advise on future targets.
对我们这些希望留给下一代一个更美好世界的人来说,好消息是,这些极端措施大多还须经参议院通过。视参议院立场而定,联盟党恐难获得多少支持。
The good news for those of us who want to hand over a better world to the next generation is that many of these extreme measures will have to navigate the Senate. Depending on the Senate’s disposition, the Coalition is unlikely to find much support.
质疑政府开支是反对党的职责。体制、政策设定和支出必须时刻接受审视,以确保其切合目的、公共资金得到明智投入。联盟党以降低生活成本、捍卫澳大利亚生活方式为名,实则放弃了任何认真减少污染、投资于维系我们生存的自然世界的尝试。
It is the opposition’s role to question government spending. The institutions, policy settings and expenditures must always be questioned to ensure they are fit for purpose and public funds are invested wisely. In the name of reducing the cost of living and protecting the Australian way of life, the Coalition is walking away from any serious attempt to reduce pollution or invest in the natural world that sustains our lives.
对长期以来旨在减少排放、推动脱碳的措施发起的这种毫不掩饰的攻击,似乎近乎病态,而非理性。更令人担忧的是,这隐含的意思是,未来的联盟党政府甚至不愿了解其政策对环境的影响。
The unabashed assault on longstanding measures to drive down emissions and facilitate decarbonisation seems almost pathological rather than rational. More concerning, it is implicit that a future Coalition government will not want to even understand the environmental impact of its policies.
我本人持保守立场,但这些宣布的内容没有任何一项令我认同。我致力于确保子孙后代能享有更健康的星球和可持续的经济。对自然、家园和社区的深爱要求我们在所有决策中都将自然的利益置于核心位置。这包括将碳污染的成本内部化到我们的经济中,就像我们对待污染的总体做法一样。
Being of a conservative disposition myself, there is nothing in these announcements that finds any favour with me. I am committed to ensuring generations that follow will enjoy a healthier planet and sustainable economy. A deep love of nature, place and community demands that you ensure nature’s interests are at the heart of all decision making. This includes internalising the cost of carbon pollution into our economy, as we do with pollution more generally.
遗憾的是,澳大利亚右翼政治中长期以来的自然保护传统现已被抛弃。取而代之的是对一切被视为“环保”事物的深深厌恶,甚至在某些圈子里演变为仇恨。自由党在环境领域的过往成就如今被视为尴尬。
Sadly the longstanding tradition of conservation in the right in Australian politics has now been abandoned. It has been replaced with a deep dislike, even hate in some quarters, of all things considered “environmental”. The past achievements of the Liberal party in the environmental portfolio are now looked upon with embarrassment.
撇开这样一个事实不谈:建设一个与自然和谐共处的可持续经济是道德正道。联盟党拆除为经济转型而建立的结构表现出如此革命般的狂热,似乎几乎未给这些政策将带来的非常现实的不利后果留下任何思考的余地。
Leaving aside the fact that building a sustainable economy that is in harmony with nature is the moral path, such is the revolutionary zeal of the Coalition for tearing down the structures created to transition our economy, it appears little to no thought has been given to the very real adverse consequences of these policies.
太平洋岛国正寻求澳大利亚的领导作用。气候变化的影响关乎这些美丽岛国的生存。如果采取联盟党的做法,我们将在自己的地区失去可信度,这将让其他行为体增加其影响力。
Pacific nations are looking to Australia for leadership. The impact of climate change is existential for these beautiful island states. If the Coalition approach is adopted, we will not be a credible nation in our own region and this will allow other actors to increase their influence.
绿色工业转型蕴藏巨大的经济效益。近期,韩国政府投入1000万亿韩元(约合1.1万亿澳元)用于转型。中国每月出口高达300亿美元的清洁技术,同比增长100%。所有主要经济体都在转向,我们面临被甩在后面的风险。
There are incredible economic benefits in the green industrial transformation. Recently the South Korean government invested 1,000 tn won (A$1.1 tn) into its transition. China is exporting up to US$30 bn per month of clean technology, up 100% year on year. All major economies are pivoting and we risk being left behind.
联盟党内部一些人想要模仿“一个国家党”或采用“让美国再次伟大”运动的语言,这种做法不应被允许阻碍澳大利亚与主要亚洲贸易伙伴保持一致。也不应阻碍欧盟贸易协定生效。该协定对我们的出口商尤为有利,但联盟党却因协定提及《巴黎协定》而加以批评,而我们早已是《巴黎协定》的签署国。
The desire of some in the Coalition to mimic One Nation or adopt the language of the Maga movement should not be allowed to prevent Australia from aligning with our key Asian trading partners. Nor should it prevent the EU trade agreement from coming into force. That deal is especially great for our exporters, yet is being criticised by the Coalition for mentioning the Paris agreement, which we are already a signatory to.
国际资本主要寻求最佳投资回报。当主流政党提出激进措施时,主权风险就会上升,即使这些措施最终未能实现,其影响当下也会显现。寻求长期投资并推动创新的基金经理现在会犹豫不决,因为对我们脱碳历程的方向感到不确定。
International capital primarily looks for the best returns on investment. When mainstream political parties float radical measures sovereign risk is heightened and, even if never realised, the impacts will be felt today. Fund managers seeking to invest for the long term and drive innovation will now hesitate, uncertain of the direction of our decarbonisation journey.
没有任何政府的政策设定是完美的,所有政策都需要不时审查和调整。更明智的做法是宣布对现有架构进行合理改革,以改善国家成果——既造福人民,也造福支撑人民生存的自然世界。
No government policy settings are perfect and all require review and adjustment from time to time. A wiser approach would have been to announce sensible reforms of extant structures in order to improve outcomes for the nation – both for its people and the natural world that sustains them.
然而,要制定这些政策进步或调整,必须接受气候变化是真实存在的。此外,从长远来看,应对后果的成本将高于现在投资预防和适应的成本。明智的国家投资需要气候系统知识,并提前升级基础设施。
However, to devise those policy advances or adjustments, you have to accept that climate change is real. Further, that it will be more expensive in the long term to respond to the consequences than to invest in prevention and adaptation now. Sensible national investment requires climate system knowledge and upgrading infrastructure ahead of time.
联盟党的核心主张是:要想实现繁荣,就必须放弃迈向“净零排放”的进程。净零排放被当作替罪羊,用来为生产力下滑开脱,并故意无视污染的影响。把国家面临的每一个困境都归咎于净零排放,或许容易赢得“一个国家党”的支持,但这会损害联盟党作为严肃经济管理者的声誉。
At its core, the Coalition plan suggests that to seek prosperity you must abandon the journey to net zero. Net zero is being used as a scapegoat to explain away our declining productivity and is wilfully blind to the impact of pollution. To blame net zero for every national woe might be easy to sell alongside One Nation, but it undermines the Coalition’s reputation of being serious economic managers.
联盟党想要封杀气候变化管理局,并解散设定目标、衡量绩效等任何问责框架,这进一步削弱了其经济管理资质。“杀鸡儆猴”式的做法永远无法被辩护。污染不会因为不被报告而神奇地消失。
The economic credentials of the Coalition are further diminished by wanting to muzzle the Climate Change Authority and dissolve any accountability frameworks such as setting targets and measuring performance against the same. The “shooting the messenger” approach can never be justified. Pollution will not magically disappear because it is not being reported upon.
对于保守派而言,从未有比现在更重要的时刻来挺身维护自然,并倡导通过鼓励创新和自由市场,推动经济向更清洁的经济转型的政策设定。
There has never been a more important time for conservatives to stand up for nature and advocate for policy settings that support an economic transition to a cleaner economy through encouraging innovation and free markets.
这一切让人联想到朱利奥·博卡莱蒂在其著作《环境共和国》中的论点:我们面临的环境挑战,并非源于科学知识或理解的匮乏,而本质上是政治问题。他梦想一个以关爱自然世界为自由基石的社会。我对未来的愿景中,没有政治链锯的位置。相反,我主张投资于我们的政治共同体及其制度,以保存、更新和丰富我们的世界,特别是为后来者造福。
All this brings to mind Giulio Boccaletti’s thesis in his book The Environmental Republic: the environmental challenges we face are not from a lack of scientific knowledge or understanding but are essentially political. He dreams of a society where caring for the natural world is the foundation of our freedom. My own vision for the future has no place for the political chainsaw. Rather I advocate for investment in our body politic and its institutions that will preserve, renew and enrich our world, especially for those that will come after us.