雅加达：正在角逐世界卫生组织（WHO）总干事职位的印度尼西亚卫生部长布迪·古纳迪·萨迪金周一（11月2日）表示，他支持各国缴纳更高的强制性会费，以弥补美国退出导致的预算削减。
JAKARTA: Indonesia's health minister, who is vying for the World Health Organization's top job, said on Monday (Nov 2) that he was in favour of countries paying higher mandatory contributions to offset the slash to its budget from the US withdrawal.
布迪对法新社表示，联合国卫生机构应专注于重新确定支出优先级，而不是追逐替代资金——即为更少的项目分配更多资金。
Budi Gunadi Sadikin told AFP the UN's health agency should focus on reprioritising its spending rather than chasing replacement funding - allocating bigger amounts for fewer projects.
这位七位总干事候选人之一的部长说：“首要任务是审查（世卫组织的）职能，取得各国同意，然后……我们再寻找（新）资金。”他说，寻找新资金的首要渠道应在内部。
"The priority is to review the functions (of the WHO), get the agreement of the countries and then ... we look for the (new) money," said the minister, who is one of seven candidates for the post of WHO director-general. The first place to look for new funding would be from within, he said.
布迪说：“每个国家都说世卫组织需要可持续。如果你的会员会费只占总预算的20%或30%，你就无法实现可持续。”
"Every country says the WHO needs to be sustainable. You cannot be sustainable if your membership contribution is only 20 per cent or 30 per cent (of the total budget)", Budi said.
“如果你想要可持续，那么至少常规资金……应该超过50%。”成员国向世卫组织缴纳称为“摊派会费”的强制性款项，该会费每两年根据收入和人口规模计算一次。预算的其余部分——即大头——来自政府和捐助者的自愿捐款。
"If you want to be sustainable, then at least the regular funding ... should be more than 50 per cent." Member countries make mandatory payments called "assessed contributions" to the WHO, which are calculated every two years based on income and population size. The rest of the budget - the bulk - comes from voluntary contributions from governments and donors.
布迪坚持认为，即使在全球财政紧张的时期，将这一比例门槛提高到50%也不会给各国带来过重负担。
Budi insisted that raising the threshold to 50 per cent would not be too onerous for countries, even at a time of global financial strain.
他说：“我看过数据……你谈论的不是数十亿甚至上亿美元。这不是一个大数字。”“除以该组织100多个成员国，每个国家只需分担几万美元。”“把它们带回来”布迪表示，美国于1月正式退出世卫组织“对该组织来说并非彻底的灾难”，因为该组织剩下的预算与新冠疫情前大致相当。
"I've seen the numbers ... You're not talking about billions of even a hundred million. It's not a big number," he said. Divided by the body's 100 plus member countries, it would amount to tens of thousands of US dollars each. "BRING THEM BACK" Budi said the United States' official departure from the WHO in January was "not a total disaster" for the organisation, which was left with a similar budget to before the COVID-19 pandemic.
但他警告称，任何非该机构成员国“在发生全球卫生紧急情况时将处于劣势”。
But he warned that any country not a member of the agency "will be at a disadvantage" in the event of a global health emergency.
“非常清楚，我们需要把他们带回来，”这位部长说，并补充称，如果当选，他将“立即”开始与华盛顿对话。
"It is very clear that we need to bring them back," the minister said, adding that he would start talking to Washington "right away" if elected.
“外交，我认为，是最好的武器。如果国家之间发生冲突，我认为最好的做法不是发射导弹或输送武器。”布迪表示，他还将推动世卫组织成员国通过一项全球大流行病条约，并设立相应基金为其提供支持。
"Diplomacy, I believe, is the best weapon. If countries fight, I think the best thing to do is not sending missiles or sending arms." Budi said he would also push for WHO member states to adopt a global pandemic treaty along with a fund to back it up.
目标是确保“每个人都拥有同等权利获得”疫苗、治疗药物和诊断工具，以便在新的全球大流行病爆发时使用。
The goal would be to ensure "everybody has the same right to access" to vaccines, treatments and diagnostics if a new worldwide pandemic strikes.
布迪说，这将避免出现“某个国家能囤积相当于其人口六倍份量的疫苗，而另一个国家却买不到疫苗，因为疫苗已被一些富国买走”的局面。
That would avoid a situation in which "some country can stock six times the population (worth) of vaccine while the other country cannot get the vaccine because it's already bought by some rich country," Budi said.
他说，世卫组织“尚未准备好”应对新的全球疫情爆发，也没有做足够的工作来应对刚果（金）历史上最致命的埃博拉疫情。
He said the WHO was "not ready" for a new global outbreak, nor doing enough to deal with the Democratic Republic of Congo's deadliest Ebola epidemic in history.
他辩称：“这类疫情爆发的问题在于，如果专门发生在低收入国家，关注度不如新冠疫情那样大，因为新冠疫情也袭击了高收入国家。”
"The problem with this type of outbreak, if it happens specifically in a low-income country, the attention is not as big as like with COVID-19, where it also hit the high income" countries, he argued.
他说：“我们应该……投入更多资金……为我们的非洲朋友解决这个问题。”
"We should be ... putting more money ... to address the issue for our African friends," he said.
世卫组织34国组成的执行委员会将于明年1月提名最多三名候选人，提交给由成员国组成的世界卫生大会，后者将于2027年5月选出下一任总干事。
In January, WHO's 34-member Executive Board will nominate up to three candidates to be submitted to the World Health Assembly of member states, which will choose its next head in May 2027.
布迪的竞争对手来自博茨瓦纳、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、比利时、西班牙和中国。
Budi is running against candidates from Botswana, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Spain and China.