根据政府审计人员的说法，英国公共机构预计气候变化和向低碳能源转型将导致运营成本和能源费用上升，但很少有机构对这些风险有清晰的认识。
Public bodies in the UK expect higher operating costs and energy charges as a result of climate changes and the transition to lower carbon energy, but few have a good picture of the risks, according to government auditors.
国家审计署（NAO）的一份新报告称，一些公共机构预计其识别出的风险会带来财务影响，尽管这些机构往往无法对这些影响进行估算——甚至无法做到大致估算。
A new report from the National Audit Office (NAO) says some public bodies expect financial impact from the risks they identified, although bodies were often not able to cost these – even approximately.
报告指出：“各机构预计成本将因资产和基础设施受损而产生，这主要是由极端天气造成的物理破坏，以及气温升高和降水量增加等长期变化所驱动。各机构还预计会出现更高的维护和修理成本、潜在的资产升级成本以及转型成本。许多机构预计运营成本会增加，包括能源费用。控制着大量财产或基础设施的机构尤其关切去碳化和适应成本。”
"Bodies anticipate costs to arise from damage to assets and infrastructure, driven by physical damage from extreme weather, as well as from chronic shifts to higher temperatures and more precipitation. Bodies also expect higher maintenance and repair costs, potential asset upgrades, and transition costs. Many bodies expect increased operating costs, including energy charges.
英国财政部（HMT）已为大型中央政府机构的年度报告设定了气候相关财务披露规则，这些机构在2025至2026财政年度提交了首批此类报告。其他披露规则自2022年起就已经实施。
Bodies controlling significant property or infrastructure are particularly concerned with decarbonization and adaptation costs," the report stated. His Majesty’s Treasury (HMT) has set out rules for climate-related financial disclosure in larger central government bodies' annual reports, which produced their first set of reports for the 2025-26 financial year. Other rules for disclosure have been in place since 2022.
然而，国家审计署发现[PDF]，各机构对气候变化影响（气温升高、洪水风险增加、风力加大和干旱时间延长）中风险的理解很差，对向低碳经济转型成本的洞察力也很差。
However, the NAO found [PDF] that understanding of the risks in the impact of climate change – increasing temperatures, higher risk of flooding, higher winds and longer droughts – was poor, as was insight into costs of moving to a low-carbon economy.
这家监督机构的报告称：“各机构在战略披露中对转型风险的阐述不如物理风险好。在我们审查的披露中，虽然列出了几个转型风险，但很少给出具体细节，这与被更详细解释的物理风险不同。”
"Bodies did not articulate transition risks as well as physical risks in the strategy disclosures. In the disclosures we reviewed, while several transition risks were listed, few specifics were given, unlike physical risks, which were explained in greater detail," the report from the watchdog stated.
报告补充说：“最常被识别出的转型风险包括转型的财务成本和供应链中断。预期的转型成本包括以下方面的成本：转向更低碳的能源，包括对新技术的投资；遵守新法规；以及材料、水、能源和专业技能的价格与可用性的波动。”
"The transition risks most frequently identified included the financial cost of transition, and supply chain disruption. Anticipated transition costs included the costs of: switching to lower-carbon energy sources, including investments in new technology; complying with new regulations; and of fluctuations in the price and availability of materials, water, energy and specialist skills," it added.
国家审计署负责人加雷思·戴维斯（Gareth Davies）表示：“英国的公共服务将需要适应气候变化的影响。议会需要关于基础设施、服务提供和财务对气候变化的韧性以及如何管理这些风险的清晰信息。”
Gareth Davies, head of the NAO, said: "UK public services will need to adapt to the impacts of climate change. Parliament needs clear information on the resilience of infrastructure, service provision and finances to climate change, and on how these risks are being managed."
“尽管公共机构仍在学习如何最好地报告其最紧迫的气候风险，但要求所有大型中央政府机构从2025至2026年起进行此类披露是一个重要的第一步。我们期望这种报告随着时间的推移会变得更有用。”
"Although public bodies are still learning how best to report their most pressing climate risks, the requirement on all large central government bodies to make such disclosures from 2025-26 is an important first step. We expect this reporting to become more useful over time."
今年早些时候，气候慈善机构“全球行动计划”的一份报告称，84%拟议的数据中心开发项目位于已经面临水资源压力或预计到2040年将面临水资源压力的地区。该报告认为，数据中心的水资源消耗可能会加剧英国本已因气候变化而承受压力的水资源系统的负担。®
Earlier this year a report from Global Action Plan, a climate charity, claimed 84 percent of proposed datacenter developments were in areas that are already water stressed or projected to be water stressed by 2040. Water consumption by datacenters could intensify strain on the UK’s water systems already stressed by climate change, it argued.®