STEVE WILLIAMS/Kodiak Daily Mirror 野生鱼类保护协会已向阿拉斯加州鱼类和野生动物部以及美国国家海洋和大气管理局渔业局发出通知，称其打算就科迪亚克、奇尼克和阿拉斯加半岛水域的休闲和商业鲑鱼渔业管理提起诉讼，指控违反《濒危物种法》。
STEVE WILLIAMS/Kodiak Daily Mirror The Wild Fish Conservancy has sent notice to the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and NOAA Fisheries it intends to sue over management of sport and commercial salmon fisheries in Kodiak, Chignik and Alaska Peninsula waters, alleging violations of the Endangered Species Act.
“根据阿拉斯加州鱼类和野生动物部的研究，2024年和2025年在南阿拉斯加半岛商业渔业中捕获的帝王鲑，近十分之九源自阿拉斯加州外。”
“Nearly nine out of ten Chinook salmon caught in commercial fisheries along the South Alaska Peninsula in 2024 and 2025 originated outside Alaska, according to research from the Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
“然而，这些渔业在缺乏联邦《濒危物种法》对其对受威胁和濒危太平洋西北部帝王鲑影响的监管下运作，而这些鱼回游的社区却面临严格的捕捞限制，并大量投资于其恢复工作，”野生鱼类保护协会在10月28日致阿拉斯加州鱼类和野生动物部专员道格拉斯·文森特-兰的信中写道。
“Yet these fisheries operate without federal Endangered Species Act oversight of their impacts on threatened and endangered Pacific Northwest Chinook, even as communities where these fish return face strict fishing limits and invest heavily in their recovery,” WFC wrote in an Oct. 28 letter to ADF&G Commissioner Douglas Vincent-Lang.
该保护团体表示，在阿拉斯加捕获的鱼应在其整个洄游范围内被列为濒危，而不仅仅是在其源产地。
The conservation group said the fish caught in Alaska should be classified as endangered throughout their migratory range, not just in their area of origin.
“这一法律行动凸显了联邦鲑鱼保护中长期存在的漏洞。华盛顿州和俄勒冈州的渔业面临着对《濒危物种法》所列帝王鲑影响的严格限制，但阿拉斯加的这些商业鲑鱼渔业却不受同等的联邦《濒危物种法》监管——即使它们捕获的是来自同一受保护种群的鲑鱼。”文森特-兰周五在一份新闻稿中概述了他的回应。他说，该通知中的措辞与2020年一项未成功限制东南阿拉斯加延绳钓渔船的尝试中的语言如出一辙。
“The legal action highlights a long-standing gap in federal salmon protections. While fisheries in Washington and Oregon face strict limits on their impacts to Endangered Species Act-listed Chinook, these commercial salmon fisheries in Alaska are not subject to comparable federal ESA oversight — even when they catch salmon from the same protected populations.”Vincent-Lang outlined his response in a press release Friday. He said the notice mirrors language in an unsuccessful bid to limit Southeast Alaska trollers in 2020.
当时，该团体声称联邦监管机构未能充分考虑渔业对濒危东南部定居型虎鲸的影响。
Then, the group claimed that federal regulators failed to adequately account for the effects of the fishery on endangered Southeast resident killer whales.
“上诉法院认定关闭渔业并无正当理由，国家海洋渔业局认定无需依据《濒危物种法》进行列入。他们最新的投诉中再次出现了笼统且宽泛的指控，”兰写道。
“The appeals court found that shutting down the fishery was not justified and the National Marine Fisheries Service determined that ESA listings were not warranted. Sweeping and broadly framed allegations appear again in their latest complaint,” Lang wrote.
WFC 的信函还声明，打算就涉嫌违反《濒危物种法》、《马格努森-史蒂文斯渔业保护和管理法》以及《国家环境政策法》起诉国家海洋渔业局，并向北太平洋渔业管理委员会请愿，要求重写阿拉斯加半岛管理区（M 区）和科迪亚克联邦水域渔业的鲑鱼管理计划。
WFC’s letter also states the intent to sue the National Marine Fisheries Service over alleged Endangered Species Act, Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, and National Environmental Policy Act violations, and petition the North Pacific Fishery Management Council to rewrite salmon management plans for fisheries in federal waters of the Alaska Peninsula Management Area (Area M) and Kodiak.
“WFC 的意向信涵盖面很广——涉及从育空河到俄勒冈州的鲑鱼种群、三个管理实体、三个渔区、三部联邦法律、两起诉讼和一项请愿。内容有很多需要拆解，”阿拉斯加州鱼类和野生动物部（ADF&G）政策顾问 Dani Evenson 说。
“The WFC intent letter is wide ranging — involving salmon stocks from the Yukon to Oregon, three management entities, three fishing areas, three federal laws, two lawsuits, and one petition. It’s a lot to unpack,” said ADF&G Policy Advisor Dani Evenson.
野生鱼类保护协会在其即将提起的法律主张中引用了 ADF&G 自己的遗传学研究。
The Wild Fish Conservancy cited ADF&G’s own genetic studies in its pending legal claims.
ADF&G 于 2026 年 2 月发布的一项遗传学研究发现，2024 年南阿拉斯加半岛商业渔业捕获的大鳞大麻哈鱼中有 86.4% 来自阿拉斯加境外河流，2025 年这一比例为 88.4%。
A February 2026 ADF&G genetic study found that 86.4% of Chinook harvested in South Alaska Peninsula commercial fisheries in 2024, and 88.4% in 2025, came from rivers outside Alaska.
“南阿拉斯加半岛地区没有记录在案的任何大鳞大麻哈鱼产卵种群。在相邻的奇尼克地区，该区唯一的大鳞大麻哈鱼洄游在过去六年中有五年未能达到产卵目标，促使阿拉斯加渔业委员会于 2023 年将其指定为关注管理种群。
“No Chinook spawning populations are documented anywhere in the South Alaska Peninsula area. In neighboring Chignik, the area’s only Chinook run has failed to meet its spawning goal in five of the last six years, prompting the Alaska Board of Fisheries to designate it a stock of management concern in 2023.
这种模式延伸至科迪亚克。一项 2016 年的研究发现，不列颠哥伦比亚和美国西海岸的鱼类占商业捕捞和海洋休闲捕捞大鳞大麻哈鱼总量的 80% 以上，2026 年 7 月的一项研究证实了这一点。科迪亚克本地大鳞大麻哈鱼洄游量不足 5%。
The pattern extends to Kodiak. A study from 2016 found that British Columbia and US West Coast fish made up more than 80% of both the commercial and marine sport Chinook harvests, and a July 2026 study corroborated. Kodiak native Chinook runs accounted for less than 5%.
“纳税人在过去四十年里花费了 90 多亿美元试图恢复哥伦比亚河流域的鲑鱼和虹鳟，其中威拉米特河上游春季大鳞大麻哈鱼等种群仍面临灭绝威胁，”Helverson 说。
“Taxpayers have spent more than $9 billion over the past four decades trying to restore salmon and steelhead in the Columbia Basin, where populations like Upper Willamette spring Chinook are still threatened with extinction,” said Helverson.
“如果本应恢复的鱼类在回家之前就被阿拉斯加半岛外海捕捞殆尽，这笔投资就无法收回成效，”WFC 执行董事 Emma Helverson 说。
“That investment can’t pay off if the fish it was meant to recover are harvested off the Alaska Peninsula before they ever make it home,” said WFC Executive Director Emma Helverson.
文森特-朗表示，该州将对这起即将提起的诉讼做出有力回应。“我们渔业的可持续管理是我们鲑鱼管理计划的基石概念。我们绝不轻视这种毫无根据的指控。正如我们应对该组织之前那些毫无道理的行动一样，我们将捍卫阿拉斯加的渔业。”
Vincent-Lang said the state will respond forcefully to the pending suit. “Sustainable management of our fisheries is the bedrock concept of our salmon management program. We do not take such unfounded allegations lightly. As we did with the previous unjustified actions by this group, we will defend Alaska’s fisheries.”