一份新报告显示，一项与以色列实体有关的影响力行动，据估计斥资 612 万英镑（约合 820 万美元），在 30 多个国家推广反穆斯林阴谋论。
An influence operation linked to entities based in Israel spent an estimated £6.12 million ($8.2 million) promoting anti-Muslim conspiracy theories across more than 30 countries, according to a new report.
这份名为《制造“大替换”》的报告发现，该行动从 2023 年 10 月持续至 2026 年 10 月，在欧洲、美洲、亚洲和中东产生了约 8 亿次广告曝光。
The report, Manufacturing The Great Replacement, found that the campaign ran from October 2023 to October 2026, generating an estimated 800 million advertising exposures across Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Middle East.
研究人员马克·欧文·琼斯和索汉·德索萨将该行动描述为“有记录以来最大规模的影响力和虚假信息行动之一”。报告称，该行动通过社交媒体广告、AI 生成视频、音乐、电子游戏恶搞和改编素材，传播种族主义、反穆斯林、反移民、反卡塔尔和反伊朗叙事。
Researchers Marc Owen Jones and Sohan Dsouza described the operation as "one of the largest influence and disinformation campaigns ever documented." According to the report, the campaign spread racist, anti-Muslim, anti-migrant, anti-Qatar and anti-Iran narratives through social media s, AI-generated videos, music, video game parodies and repurposed footage.
其中一项名为“侠盗卡塔尔”的行动，描绘阿联酋人购买欧洲建筑并将其改建为清真寺。
One campaign, titled Grand Theft Qatar, depicted Emiratis buying European buildings and converting them into mosques.
其他广告展示了“这是入侵”和“卡塔尔正在让欧洲伊斯兰化”等标语。该行动宣扬“大替换”理论，这是一个已被揭穿的白人民族主义阴谋论，声称移民和人口结构变化正在蓄意用非白人群体取代白人欧洲人。
Other s featured slogans such as "THIS IS AN INVASION" and "QATAR IS ISLAMISING EUROPE." The campaign promoted the Great Replacement, a debunked white nationalist conspiracy theory claiming that migration and demographic changes are deliberately replacing white Europeans with nonwhite populations.
研究人员将行动追溯至以色列关联实体 德索萨对《国家报》表示，研究人员无法确定地将该行动归因于以色列政府。
Researchers trace operation to Israel-linked entities Dsouza told The National that researchers could not conclusively attribute the operation to the Israeli government.
他说：“我们无法断定这肯定是以色列所为。但证据表明，参与该行动的实体位于以色列，并与以色列政府开展的影响力行动有联系。”
"We can't really assert that it definitely is Israel. But the evidence shows that the entities involved in this operation are based in Israel and have connections to influence operations run by the Israeli government," he said.
研究人员通过越南代理公司将该行动的初始运作追溯至以色列。在 Meta 于 2024 年 5 月采取执法行动后，该行动于 11 月重现，随后转向巴西企业实体。
The researchers traced the campaign's initial operations to Israel through Vietnamese proxy companies. Following enforcement action by Meta in May 2024, the operation resurfaced in November and later shifted to Brazilian corporate entities.
调查识别出 1473 条 Facebook 广告、189 个 YouTube 视频、359 条 TikTok 广告和 105 个 TikTok 账号视频。
The investigation identified 1,473 Facebook s, 189 YouTube videos, 359 TikTok s and 105 TikTok account videos.
研究人员还审查了2024年针对英国受众的406条Facebook评论，发现61%的人表达了对伊斯兰恐惧症观点的支持。
Researchers also examined 406 comments on Facebook s targeting UK audiences in 2024, finding that 61% expressed support for Islamophobic views.
Meta在2024年承认，该行动在其平台上花费了90万英镑用于广告投放。
Meta acknowledged in 2024 that the operation had spent £900,000 on s across its platforms.
“我们一直在努力识别和破坏协调的不真实行为，”该公司对《国家报》表示。
"We're constantly working to identify and disrupt coordinated inauthentic behaviour," the company told The National.
Meta补充说，其社区准则禁止仇恨言论、有害的虚假信息、欺骗行为和协调的不真实活动。
Meta added that its Community Standards prohibit hate speech, harmful misinformation, deceptive behavior and coordinated inauthentic activity.
研究人员呼吁加强政府监管，包括对社交媒体广告商实施更严格的身份验证要求，并对协调的影响力行动采取更快的行动。
The researchers called for stronger government regulation, including stricter identity verification requirements for social media advertisers and faster action against coordinated influence campaigns.