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世界法院将于11月19日就罗兴亚人种族灭绝案作出裁决World Court to rule in Rohingya genocide case on 19 November

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2026年6月18日,荷兰海牙和平宫,国际法院(ICJ)大法庭(即审判庭)内景。路透社/尼古拉·埃科诺穆A view of the Great Hall of Justice, the courtroom of the International Court of Justice (ICJ), at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands, June 18, 2026. REUTERS/Nicolas Economou

国际法院周二表示,将于11月19日就针对缅甸政府的里程碑式案件作出裁决,缅甸政府被指控对少数民族穆斯林罗兴亚人犯下种族灭绝罪。

国际法院法官将于11月19日格林威治标准时间上午8点开始宣读判决。

这起在国际法院(也称世界法院)审理的案件由冈比亚于2019年提起。

The International Court of Justice will rule on 19 November in its landmark case against the government of Myanmar, which is accused of committing genocide against the minority Muslim Rohingya, the court said on Tuesday.

冈比亚辩称,缅甸政府军2017年的攻势迫使至少73万罗兴亚人逃往邻国孟加拉国,构成了种族灭绝。罗兴亚难民讲述了杀戮、大规模强奸和纵火的事例,联合国调查委员会得出结论认为该攻势包含“种族灭绝行为”。缅甸否认种族灭绝指控,并称该攻势是合法的反恐行动。

ICJ judges will start reading out their judgment on 19 November at 8:00 GMT.

这将是十多年来,也是历史上仅有的第三次,国际法院就种族灭绝案作出判决。结果可能会影响国际法院未来的种族灭绝案件,包括南非2023年提起的指控以色列在加沙地带犯下种族灭绝罪的案件,以色列否认该指控。

国际法院是联合国的最高法院,处理国家间的争端和涉嫌违反国际条约的案件,包括1948年《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约》。种族灭绝在国际法庭上极少被证实,因为法官必须认定犯罪是带有“全部或部分消灭一个民族、种族、种族或宗教群体”的特定意图而实施的。

The case at the ICJ, also known as the World Court, was brought by Gambia in 2019. Gambia argued that a 2017 offensive by Myanmar government forces that forced at least 730,000 Rohingya into neighbouring Bangladesh constituted a genocide Rohingya refugees recounted instances of killings, mass rape and arson and a UN fact-finding commission has concluded the offensive included "genocidal acts" Myanmar denies accusations of genocide and has said the offensive was a legitimate counter-terrorism campaign This will be the first time in over a decade, and only the third time ever, that the ICJ hands down a judgment in a genocide case The outcome is likely to shape future genocide cases at the ICJ, including South Africa's 2023 case accusing Israel of committing genocide in Gaza, a charge Israel denies The ICJ is the UN's highest court and deals with disputes between states and alleged breaches of international treaties including the 1948 Genocide Convention Genocide has rarely been proven in international courts because judges have to find crimes were committed with the specific intent "to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group".

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