该措施将对加利福尼亚州亿万富翁的财富征收5%的税。周二，全美数百万选正在就各州的投票倡议表达意见，涉及的议题截然不同，包括生殖权利和选民准入。
The measure would levy a 5% tax on the wealth of billionaires in California. Millions of voters across the United States Tuesday are weighing in on state ballot initiatives concerning issues as disparate as reproductive rights and voter access.
最受关注的投票倡议可能是加利福尼亚州的“40号提案”，即亿万富翁税。
The ballot initiative that has garnered the most attention may be California’s Proposition 40, a billionaire tax.
如果该提案通过，该州将对资产价值超过10亿美元的加利福尼亚州纳税人和信托征收一次性5%的财富税。税收将用于支付州医疗保健计划、食品援助计划和公共教育。以下是关于“40号提案”的相关信息：什么是加利福尼亚州的“40号提案”？
If the proposition passes, the state would levy a one-time, 5% tax on the wealth of California taxpayers and trusts with assets valued over $1 billion. The revenue would be used to pay for state healthcare programs, food assistance programs and public education. Here’s what to know about Prop 40: What is California's Prop 40?
“40号提案”是周二提交加利福尼亚州选民表决的投票倡议，意味着结果将在选举日当天或之后公布。该提案需要获得简单多数选票才能通过。如果通过，该措施将对该州亿万富翁的财富征收一次性5%的税。
Prop 40 is a ballot initiative put before California voters on Tuesday, meaning results will be available on or after Election Day. A simple majority vote is necessary for the proposition to succeed. If passed, the measure would place a one-time, 5% tax on the wealth of billionaires in the state.
根据该州的选民指南，该措施将影响加利福尼亚州约200名亿万富翁，税收收入主要用于抵消唐纳德·特朗普总统签署的标志性税收立法所导致的医疗保健削减。
The measure would affect roughly 200 billionaires in California, according to the state’s voter guide, with the revenue intended primarily to offset healthcare cuts enacted in President Donald Trump’s signature tax legislation.
加利福尼亚州立法分析办公室（该州立法机构的非党派财政和政策顾问）估计，该税将产生数百亿美元的收入。支持者对加利福尼亚州“40号提案”持何看法？“40号提案”在支持者和反对者之间引发了尖锐分歧。
The Legislative Analyst’s Office, the California legislature’s nonpartisan fiscal and policy advisor, estimates the tax would generate tens of billions of dollars in revenue. What do proponents say about California's Prop 40? Prop 40 has elicited sharp disagreement among backers and opponents.
支持者表示，对亿万富翁征收一次性税，将让该州最富有的人参与分担加利福尼亚州部分公共援助计划面临的成本负担。这些计划最近在联邦和州层面都遭遇了削减。
Supporters of the measure say a one-time tax on billionaires would enlist the state’s wealthiest individuals in helping ease the cost burden faced by some of California’s public assistance programs. Those programs have suffered recent cuts at the federal and state level.
支持者称，随着低收入和中等收入居民因医疗保健及其他基本生活成本上涨而面临负担能力困境，这种财政支持的紧迫性进一步增加。
Such fiscal support has gained added urgency as low- and middle-income residents weather affordability woes that stem in part from a rise in the costs of healthcare and other essentials, proponents say.
批评者则表示，该措施将导致亿万富翁大批离开该州。他们称，如果这种大规模外流发生，从长远来看，该州的税收收入可能会减少，从而削弱该税收带来的短期收益。
Critics of the measure, by contrast, say it will result in a wave of billionaires leaving the state. If such an exodus were to happen, the state's tax revenue could end up lower in the long term, undermining the short-term benefit of the proceeds from the tax, they say.
作为首创的财富税，该措施还面临不确定的后果，例如法律挑战，一些反对者指出。知名人士对第40号提案持何立场？该提案在知名政要和亿万富翁中都引发了分歧。
As a first-of-its-kind wealth tax, the measure also risks uncertain consequences, such as legal challenges, some opponents note. Where do prominent figures stand on Prop 40? The proposition has divided prominent political officials and billionaires alike.
进步派参议员伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders，无党籍-佛蒙特州）和众议员罗·卡纳（Ro Khanna，民主党-加利福尼亚州）等多位当选官员主张支持该措施。
Progressive Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., and Rep. Ro Khanna, D-Ca., stand among a number of elected officials advocating for the measure.
“第40号提案是美国最重要的投票倡议，”卡纳上个月在民主党籍州长加文·纽森（Gavin Newsom）的一篇帖子中表示。纽森已成为该措施最著名的反对者，他辩称亿万富翁可以通过离开该州来逃避这项税收。
"Prop 40 is the most important ballot initiative in America," Khanna said last month in a post on Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom has become the measure's most prominent opponent, arguing that the tax could be dodged by billionaires who could leave the state.
纽森提出了一个替代方案：针对以资产为抵押贷款的全国性亿万富翁税。
Newsom has shared a counterproposal: a national billionaire tax focused on loans taken against assets.
纽森的一位发言人上个月在给美国广播公司新闻（ABC News）的声明中表示：“州长支持对亿万富翁征收全国性税收，并很荣幸能与教师、消防员、生殖健康诊所及其他人士站在一起，反对这项起草草率的州级措施，因为它将损害加利福尼亚州。”
In a statement to ABC News last month, a spokesperson for Newsom said, "The Governor supports a national tax on billionaires and is proud to stand with teachers, firefighters, reproductive health clinics, and others in opposing this poorly written state measure that will harm California.”
支持第40号提案的主要团体“支持40”（Yes on 40）已筹集超过3000万美元，绝大部分来自美国服务业国际工会-联合医疗工人西部分会（SEIU-UHW）及其关联组织。
Yes on 40, the main group backing the measure, has received more than $30 million, the vast majority from Service Employees International Union-United Healthcare Workers West (SEIU-UHW) and affiliated organizations.
亿万富翁们也在敞开钱包对抗该措施。根据公开财务记录，反对第40号提案的旗舰组织“建设更美好的加利福尼亚”（Building a Better California）已筹集数亿美元，主要来自亿万富翁。主要捐赠者包括谷歌联合创始人谢尔盖·布林（Sergey Brin）和风险投资家约翰·多尔（John Doerr）。
Billionaires have also been opening their wallets to fight the measure. Building a Better California, the flagship organization fighting Prop 40, has raised hundreds of millions of dollars, mostly from billionaires, according to public financial records. Top contributors include Google co-founder Sergey Brin and venture capitalist John Doerr. Some tech billionaires in California have voiced openness to the measure, including Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang.
一些加利福尼亚州的科技亿万富翁已表达对该措施的开放态度，包括英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋（Jensen Huang）。
Asked about whether he was concerned about the proposed tax by Bloomberg Television, Huang said, "I've got to tell you, I have not even thought about it once.
当被彭博电视问及是否担心拟议税收时，黄仁勋表示：“我得告诉你，我甚至一次都没想过这事。我们选择生活在硅谷，无论他们想征收什么税，那就随它去吧。我完全没问题。”
We chose to live in Silicon Valley, and whatever taxes they would like to apply, so be it. I'm perfectly fine with it.