世界气象组织（WMO）秘书长塞莱斯特·绍洛周一警告称，厄尔尼诺现象可能会将与高温相关的疾病、疾病暴发和空气污染加剧至2027年。
El Nino could intensify heat-related illnesses, disease outbreaks and air pollution into 2027, World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Secretary-General Celeste Saulo warned Monday.
绍洛在安塔利亚举行的第31届联合国气候变化大会（COP31）新闻发布会上表示，高于平均水平的气温可能引发超出直接暴露于极端高温之外的健康威胁。
Speaking at a COP31 news briefing in Antalya, Saulo said above-average temperatures could trigger health threats extending beyond direct exposure to extreme heat.
“我们谈论的也包括登革热暴发、疟疾暴发，”她说，并解释称风险将因地区降雨模式而异。
"We are speaking also about dengue outbreaks, malaria outbreaks," she said, explaining that the risks would vary depending on regional rainfall patterns.
“如果我们预期一个炎热干燥的季节，就会发生野火。有了野火，空气质量就会变差，”她说。
"If we expect a hot and dry season, you will have wildfires. With wildfires, you will have poor air quality," she said.
绍洛表示，世界气象组织正在与世界卫生组织合作，改进关于天气相关健康风险的沟通。
Saulo said the WMO was working with the World Health Organization to improve communication about weather-related health risks.
“我们正在与世界卫生组织合作，将来自天气模式的信息转化为健康影响信息，”她说。
"We are working with the World Health Organization to translate the messaging from weather patterns to health impacts," she said.
根据世界气象组织《2026年气候状况更新报告》，预计到12月厄尔尼诺现象将成为有记录以来最强的一次，并将持续到2027年初。
According to the WMO's State of the Climate Update 2026, El Nino is expected to become the strongest on record by December and persist into early 2027.
报告称，1月至9月全球平均气温比工业化前水平高出约1.47摄氏度。
The report said global temperatures averaged approximately 1.47 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels between January and September.
报告补充称，厄尔尼诺现象通常在其形成后的第二年对全球气温影响最大。
El Nino typically has its greatest impact on global temperatures in the year following its development, the report added.
绍洛在随报告发布的声明中说：“我们正在给天气‘超频’，厄尔尼诺现象将成为风险放大器。”
"We are supercharging our weather and El Nino will be a risk multiplier," Saulo said in a statement accompanying the report.
她警告说：“热浪、热带气旋和暴雨风暴的加剧速度比我们的历史基准所能应对的要快。”
"Heatwaves, tropical cyclones, and rainstorms are intensifying faster than our historical baselines prepared us for," she warned.
气候极端事件威胁健康、粮食安全 世界气象组织报告警告称，极端高温、干旱和强降雨可能加剧粮食不安全，并改变霍乱、疟疾和登革热等传染病的风险。
Climate extremes threaten health, food security The WMO report warned that extreme heat, drought and heavy rainfall could worsen food insecurity and alter the risks of infectious diseases, including cholera, malaria and dengue.
报告引用初步估计称，欧洲有超过3万例额外死亡与热浪、干旱和野火有关。
It cited preliminary estimates indicating more than 30,000 excess deaths linked to heat waves, drought and wildfires in Europe.
绍洛强调了南美洲正在进行的准备工作，包括在潜在洪水来临前建立应急避难所的措施。她还指出，利用天气预报指导农业决策，减轻极端天气的影响。
Saulo highlighted preparations underway in South America, including measures to establish emergency shelters ahead of potential flooding. She also pointed to the use of weather forecasts to guide agricultural decisions and reduce the impact of extreme conditions.
她说：“在某些情况下，关键是提前准备好避难所，以确保如果发生洪水，人们有地方可去。”报告还强调了全球多灾种预警系统扩展方面取得的进展。
"In some cases, it's about preparing shelters in advance to make sure that if there are floods, they have places for people," she said. The report also highlighted progress in the expansion of early warning systems worldwide.
根据世界气象组织的数据，报告拥有多灾种预警系统的国家数量从2015年的56个增加到2025年的136个。
The number of countries reporting multi-hazard early warning systems rose from 56 in 2015 to 136 in 2025, according to the WMO.