土耳其米拉斯——在土耳其西南部她的村庄附近，内吉拉·伊希克走在已被毁坏的阿克贝伦森林残存之中，停下脚步凝视着正在吞噬山坡的煤矿。
Milas, Turkey – Near her village in southwestern Turkey, Nejla Isik walks through what remains of the devastated Akbelen forest, pausing to stare down at the coal mine that is devouring the hillside.
“我们称之为地狱之坑，”这位48岁的活动家、伊兹克伊村（70户人家）村长感叹道。
“We call it the pit of hell,” muses the 48-year-old activist and local leader of Ikizkoy village, which has 70 homes.
当COP31于周一在安塔利亚开幕时，作为联合国气候峰会东道主的土耳其希望通过一场聚焦可再生能源和电气化的宣传活动展示其最好的一面。但那些想要引起人们关注故事另一面的人并不受欢迎。
When COP31 begins Monday in Antalya, the United Nations climate summit’s host Turkey is hoping to show off its best side with a campaign focused on renewable energies and electrification. But those who want to draw attention to a different side of the story are not welcome.
近十年来，伊希克和她26岁的女儿埃斯拉投身于抗议采矿项目缓慢蚕食穆拉省，该省位于安塔利亚以西数百公里处。
For nearly a decade, Isik and her daughter Esra, 26, have thrown themselves into protesting against the mining projects slowly ravaging Mugla province, which lies several hundred kilometers west of Antalya.
她们共同领导着反对YK能源公司的斗争，该公司意图扩大其褐煤矿规模，并提高其两座燃烧高污染褐煤的火力发电厂的产能。针对这家拥有其村庄旁矿区和电厂的公司，已提起多起诉讼。
Together, they have been leading the fight against YK Enerji, which wants to expand its lignite mine and increase the production capacity of its two thermal power plants, which run on the highly polluting brown coal. Several lawsuits have been filed against the firm, which owns the mine and the plant next to their village.
其他诉讼则针对土耳其总统府，起因是一项下令紧急征收679块土地的法令，该法令由总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安于1月签署。
Others have targeted the Turkish presidency over a decree ordering the emergency expropriation of 679 plots of land, signed by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in January.
“我祖母的村庄因矿区而从地图上抹去。我父亲的村庄被毁。我们是一个因矿区被连根拔起三四代、土地遭掠夺的家庭，”身穿宽松长裤和传统红色背心的埃斯拉解释道。“必要时我会自焚”她们的行动并未被忽视。
“My grandmother’s village was wiped off the map because of the mine. My father’s village was destroyed. We are a family that has been uprooted for three or four generations and our land plundered,” explains Esra, dressed in baggy trousers and a traditional red waistcoat. ’Set myself alight if I have to’Their activism has not gone unnoticed.
3月31日，埃斯拉在抗议官员到访时被捕，当时背景是一项影响六个村庄的紧急征收决定。她被指控“妨碍公务”，并被羁押候审。
On March 31, Esra was arrested while protesting against a visit by officials in the context of an emergency expropriation decision affecting six villages. Charged with “obstructing an official carrying out their duty,“ she was jailed pending trial.
“我在监狱里度过了42天。我的被捕为我们在土耳其的斗争，也为世界各地的斗争，增添了新的维度，”她说。他们并非唯一在抗争的人，当地人定期聚会商讨后续步骤。
“I spent 42 days in jail. My arrest gave a new dimension to our struggle in Turkey, but also around the world,” she said. They are not the only ones fighting, with locals regularly meeting to discuss what comes next.
其中一位是56岁的家庭主妇艾塔奇·亚卡尔，2018年她的家乡伊什克代雷村被矿区吞没，她被迫逃离。她在另一处安顿下来，那里如今面临相同命运。“我看起来像候鸟吗？”她愤怒地说道。
Among them is 56-year-old housewife Aytac Yakar, who was forced to flee her home village of Isikdere when it was swallowed up by a mine in 2018. She settled in another place, which is now facing the same fate. “Do I look like a migratory bird?” she says angrily.
“他们不能拿我的家园、我的土地和我的国家开玩笑。如果非要如此，我会在自家房子里浇上汽油自焚。但我绝不离开！”随着世界目光聚焦安塔利亚，科学家、专家和各国元首将齐聚一堂，讨论全球变暖及应对之策，数千名活动人士也将到场发声。但内伊拉和艾斯拉不会去——因为她们必须留下来守护土地。
“They cannot play around with my home, my lands and my country. If I have to, I’ll douse myself with petrol and set myself alight in my own home. But I won’t leave it!”As the world descends on Antalya, where scientists, experts and heads of state will gather to discuss global warming and how to slow it, thousands of activists will also be present to raise their voices. But Nejla and Esra won’t be there — because they have to stay to protect their lands.
“我无法离开村子。法院驳回了我们针对征收的上诉，我们不知道公司下一步会做什么，”内伊拉解释道。
“I can’t leave my village. The court rejected our appeal against the expropriations, and we don’t know what the company will do now,” explains Nejla.
“我不去参加气候大会，因为我们早知他们不会听我们的，而我的村子正在燃烧，”她说。“家园、祖坟面临风险”根据2025年通过的一项法律，土耳其迅速扩大了采矿许可数量，将包括橄榄种植地在内的保护区开放给开采。
“I won’t go to COP where we already know they won’t listen to us, while my village here is burning,” she said. ’Our homes, our graves at risk’Under a law passed in 2025, Turkey has rapidly expanded the number of mining permits, opening up protected areas for exploitation, including olive-growing land.
“我们的家园、亲人的坟墓、我们的橄榄树、我们的土地——一切都面临被夺走的风险，”内伊拉·伊希克指着地图上的区域说道。
“Our homes, the graves of our loved ones, our olive trees, our lands — it all risks being torn from our hands,” says Nejla Isik, pointing to the area on a map.
针对征收问题，能源部长阿尔帕尔斯兰·拜拉克塔尔告诉记者，政府已于2014年将这两座电厂私有化，授予买方许可证，若无后果便撤销许可证是不可能的。
Asked about the expropriations, Energy Minister Alparslan Bayraktar told reporters the government had privatized the two plants in 2014, granting the buyers a license that could not simply be revoked without consequences.
“基本上，我们需要保护这项投资，或者找到另一种方式来应对潜在损失。我们给了他们49年的许可证，现在却要说：‘2030年，你们得走，因为我们有煤炭淘汰政策’？”他说。“这里有我们需要应对的挑战，”他说。并非所有村民都反对矿区，特别是在那里工作的人。
“Basically, we need to protect this investment or find another way to address the potential losses. We gave them a 49-year license and now we’re saying: ’In 2030, you’re out because we have a coal phase-out policy’?” he said. “There are challenges we need to tackle here,” he said. Not all villagers oppose the mine, notably those who work there.
“热电厂为我村70%的人创造了就业岗位，”一名不愿透露姓名的工人解释道。
“The thermal power plant creates jobs for 70% of my village,” explained one worker, who did not want to give his name.
YK Enerji公司表示，其每天为200多万户家庭供电，该公司以土耳其的能源安全需求为由为该项目进行辩护。
YK Enerji, which says it powers more than 2 million households per day, defended the project by pointing to Turkey’s energy security needs.
“为了使能源生产得以继续，我们必须获得新矿床的开采权，”其总经理Ahmet Eyidogan表示，并称树木将由合适的树种替代，“村庄中心、清真寺、学校和墓地”将得到保留，土地所有者将获得“替代”地块。
“For energy production to continue, we must gain access to new deposits,” its general manager Ahmet Eyidogan said, saying trees would be replaced by suitable species and “village centers, mosques, schools and graves” would be spared and landowners granted “alternative” plots.
YK Enerji由Limak Holding和IC Holding共同拥有，这两家公司均为COP31的官方“气候支持者”，他表示该公司支持土耳其的“碳中和目标”。
YK Enerji — which is jointly owned by Limak Holding and IC Holding, both of which are official “climate supporters” of COP31 — supports Turkey’s “carbon neutrality target,” he said.