RAF米尔登霍尔是美军在欧洲的主要空中加油机基地。作者：雷切尔·麦克梅尼 75年来，萨福克郡一个小集镇的郊外一直有一片“美国领地”。
RAF Mildenhall is the main European refuelling tanker base for US forces in Europe. By Rachael McMenemy For 75 years there has been a slice of America on the outskirts of a small market town in Suffolk.
RAF米尔登霍尔最初是英国轰炸机基地，贯穿了20世纪30年代和第二次世界大战，1951年成为美军在欧洲行动的枢纽。
RAF Mildenhall began life as a base for British bombers throughout the 1930s and World War Two before becoming a hub for US operations in Europe in 1951.
西萨福克郡的居民习惯了巨型飞机的身影和轰鸣声。同样由美军使用的RAF莱肯希斯距离米尔登霍尔仅5.5英里（8.8公里）。
Residents in west Suffolk are used to the sight and sounds of huge planes. RAF Lakenheath, also used by the US military, is just 5.5 miles (8.8km) away from Mildenhall.
周一有报道称，因伊朗涉嫌发出威胁，几乎所有飞机已撤离RAF米尔登霍尔。但该基地有何重要性？什么是RAF米尔登霍尔？该基地位于萨福克郡集镇米尔登霍尔的郊外。
On Monday, reports emerged that almost all aircraft had left RAF Mildenhall due to an alleged threat from Iran. But what is the significance of the base? What is RAF Mildenhall? The base is on the outskirts of the market town of Mildenhall in Suffolk.
虽然基地场地属于国防部（MoD），但由美国空军（USAF）运营。
Although the site belongs to the Ministry of Defence (MoD), it is operated by the US Air Force (USAF).
约3000名军事人员驻扎在该基地，距伦敦以北约80英里（130公里）。
About 3,000 military personnel are stationed at the base, which is about 80 miles (130km) north of London.
美空军在英国的其他基地包括同样位于萨福克郡的RAF莱肯希斯——驻扎着操作F-15和F-35战机的第48战斗机联队——以及格洛斯特郡的RAF费尔福德，该基地定期接待美军远程飞机部署。RAF费尔福德曾是9月一起涉嫌伊朗相关阴谋的目标。国防部和美空军未证实为何将飞机从RAF米尔登霍尔撤离。
The USAF's other UK bases include RAF Lakenheath, also in Suffolk - home to the 48th Fighter Wing operating F-15 and F-35 jets - and RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire, which regularly hosts deployments of long-range American aircraft. RAF Fairford was the target of an alleged Iran-linked plot in September. The MoD and US Air Force have not confirmed why aircraft were removed from RAF Mildenhall.
二战轰炸机枢纽 该基地1934年作为皇家空军轰炸机站启用，在二战中发挥关键作用，随后于1951年美空军进驻。
A hub for World War Two bombers The base opened as an RAF bomber station in 1934 and played a key part in World War Two before the US Air Force moved onto the base in 1951.
乔治五世国王于1934年10月为其正式揭幕，恰逢皇家航空俱乐部举办的英格兰至澳大利亚航空大赛，20架飞机从米尔登霍尔起飞飞往墨尔本。
The official opening by King George V in October 1934 coincided with the Royal Aero Club's England-to-Australia air race, which saw 20 aircraft race from Mildenhall to Melbourne.
1939年对德宣战正式生效后六小时内，轰炸机即从RAF米尔登霍尔起飞。
Within six hours of the official declaration of war on Germany in 1939, bombers took off from RAF Mildenhall.
二战其余时期，兰开斯特、斯特林和惠灵顿等轰炸机均从该基地起飞执行任务。
Throughout the rest of World War Two aircraft including Lancaster, Stirling and Wellington bombers flew from the base.
他们参与了关键行动，包括1940年对德国的首批夜间轰炸、1942年对科隆的空袭、对柏林的最后一次大规模空袭，以及1944年6月6日的诺曼底登陆。
They were involved in crucial operations, including some of the first night bombings of Germany in 1940, raids on Cologne in 1942, the last major raid against Berlin and D-Day on 6 June 1944.
美国于1951年接管了该基地，部署B-29和B-50轰炸机。
The US took over the base in 1951, operating B-29 and B-50 bombers.
20世纪90年代，它成为欧洲主要的空中加油机基地，运作“同温层加油机”。英国皇家空军的驻留一直持续到1967年。现在它用来做什么？该基地主要用于空中加油和维护行动。
During the 1990s it became the main European refuelling tanker base, operating Stratotankers. An RAF presence remained until 1967. What is it used for now? The base is mostly used for refuelling and maintenance operations.
这里驻扎着第100空中加油联队，这是美国在欧洲唯一的永久性空中加油联队。
It is home to the 100th Air Refuelling Wing, the only permanent U.S. air refuelling wing in Europe.
根据米尔登霍尔皇家空军基地网站的信息，机型包括KC-135“同温层加油机”、CV-22“鱼鹰”、RC-135V/W“铆钉联络”侦察机和MC-130J“突击队员II”特种作战机。它曾被用作前往中东的飞机和物资的集结区。在针对伊朗的行动期间，空中加油机曾被“前沿部署”至该地区。
Planes include KC-135 Stratotankers, the CV-22 Osprey, the RC-135V/W Rivet Joint reconnaissance aircraft and MC-130J Commando II, according to the RAF Mildenhall website. It has been used as a staging area for aircraft and material bound for the Middle East. Air refuelling tankers were "forward deployed" to the region during operations against Iran.
载有美国总统的航班经常使用米尔登霍尔皇家空军基地进行加油，或作为“空军一号”在访问英国期间降落的基地。航空爱好者经常聚集在大门外。
Flights carrying US presidents have often used RAF Mildenhall for refuelling, or as a base for Air Force One to land during visits to the UK. Aviation enthusiasts are often outside the gates.
此前的安全问题 2024年，无人机在拉肯希斯皇家空军基地、米尔登霍尔皇家空军基地和诺福克郡费尔特韦尔皇家空军基地上空被发现，引发重大警报。
Previous security issues In 2024, drones were spotted over RAF Lakenheath, RAF Mildenhall and RAF Feltwell in Norfolk, sparking a major alert.
专注于国防与安全的智库国际战略研究所（IISS）的一项调查称，这些“无人驾驶飞行器”很可能是从北海的俄罗斯关联商船上发射的。
An investigation by The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), a think-tank focusing on defence and security, said the "unmanned aerial vehicles" were likely launched from Russian-linked commercial vessels in the North Sea.
米尔登霍尔皇家空军基地的未来 2020年，美国空军推翻了一个本将导致米尔登霍尔皇家空军基地于2027年关闭的决定。该基地被描述为对美军在欧洲的“作战效率至关重要”。您有关于萨福克郡的新闻线索吗？请通过下方联系我们。
The future of RAF Mildenhall In 2020, the US Airforce reversed a decision that would have seen RAF Mildenhall shut in 2027. The base was described as "crucial to operational efficiency" of US forces in Europe. Do you have a story suggestion for Suffolk? Contact us below.
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