联合国最高人权机构周二推迟对美国人权记录的定期审查，时间改为明年1月，希望说服特朗普政府撤销其成为首个拒绝参与该过程的政府的决定。
The UN’s top human rights body on Tuesday postponed a regular review of the US human rights record until January in hopes of persuading the Trump administration to reverse its decision to become the first government to snub the process.
人权理事会的这一举措为其争取更多时间，试图劝说华盛顿参与审查。该理事会47个成员国在未经表决的情况下，通过了推迟美国审查的决定——此前美国“持续不合作”该进程。
The move by the Human Rights Council buys it more time to try to coax Washington to take part in the review. The council’s 47 member countries adopted without a vote the decision to delay the US review – amid “continued non-cooperation” with its process.
位于日内瓦的该理事会定期审查所有193个联合国会员国的人权记录——通常每四到五年一次——作为被称为普遍定期审查的进程的一部分。
The Geneva-based council regularly examines the rights records of all 193 UN member states – generally about every four to five years – as part of a process known as the universal periodic review.
美国总统特朗普政府去年退出了该理事会，指责其存在反美和反以色列偏见，并声称该理事会不维护其所宣扬的价值。
The administration of US President Donald Trump last year pulled the US out of the council, accusing it of an anti-US and anti-Israel bias and alleging that it did not uphold the very values it promoted.
美国政府因包括强制驱逐移民以及在加勒比海和太平洋地区针对涉嫌毒品贩运者进行定点杀戮等政策而受到批评——该政府表示，这些政策旨在保护美国工人并帮助保障国家安全。
The US government has drawn criticism for its policies including strong-arm deportations and targeted killings of alleged drug-runners in the Caribbean and Pacific – which the administration has said are designed to protect US workers and help keep the country safe.
作为美国关键盟友的欧盟以及其他支持该审查进程的人士表示，有必要对所有联合国会员国的人权状况进行监督。
The European Union, a key US ally, and other supporters of the review process say it is needed to keep tabs on human rights in all UN member states.
“欧盟对任何未能充分参与该机制的情况表示遗憾，包括美国今天再次决定不参与其审查，”荷兰外交官西蒙·范德波斯特在代表欧盟理事会成员发表讲话时说，她是在周二的决定之后发表上述言论的。“所有国家都应接受国际社会对其人权状况的审查，”她补充道。美国国务院没有立即回复一封电子邮件置评请求。
“The EU regrets any situation in which full engagement with the mechanism does not occur, including the decision by the United States again not to participate in their review today,” Simone van der Post, a Dutch envoy speaking on behalf of EU council members, said after Tuesday’s decision. “All states are subject to the scrutiny of their human rights situation by the international community,” she added. The US State Department did not immediately respond to an emailed request for comment.
特朗普执政下的美国，一年前已缺席其应参加的审议。原定于2025年11月的审议被推迟至本周二，希望美国政府可能会改变主意。但并未如此。
The US, under Trump, already skipped its appointment for its review a year ago. The scheduled November 2025 review was pushed back until Tuesday in hopes that the US government might change its mind. It did not.
“[我们]对该机构不予信任，”美国国务院在本周二决定前的一封电子邮件声明中说。
“[W]e give no credibility to the agency,” the State Department said in an emailed statement before Tuesday’s decision.
“这个无可救药的机构，在推行反美言论的同时，因持续未能恪守其自身‘价值观’，对人权进行了公开嘲弄，”声明称，并指责该理事会“持续未能谴责最严重的人权侵犯者”。该理事会要求被审议国家必须参与，任何国家审议才能进行。
“This irredeemable body makes a mockery of human rights through consistent failures to uphold its own ‘values’ as it pushes anti-American rhetoric,” the statement said, alleging the council’s “persistent failure to condemn the most egregious human rights violators”. The council requires participation of the country in question for any national review to take place.
作为此类审议的一部分，国家代表团——有时可包括十几名或更多官员——进行陈述，回答问题，并听取其他国家使节的建议。
As part of such reviews, national delegations – which at times can include a dozen officials or more – make a presentation, face questions and hear recommendations from other national envoys.
这一过程本应是全面且建设性的，类似于向政府举起一面镜子，以改善其人权政策。
It is supposed to be a sweeping and constructive process, akin to holding up a mirror to governments to improve their human rights policies.
批评美国缺席的人士警告，此次退席可能会鼓励其他国家——其中许多国家对人权监测者的严格审查感到反感——效仿。
Critics of the US snub warn that the walkout could encourage other countries – many of which bristle about intense scrutiny from human rights monitors – to follow suit.
倡导组织国际人权服务组织的执行主任菲尔·林奇表示，美国近期在“移民、LGBT权利、种族歧视和公民自由，如抗议权”等方面的记录，以及中东战争和太平洋及加勒比地区的“超法外处决”，都值得受到审查。“华盛顿有什么好隐瞒的？”他说。
Phil Lynch, executive director of advocacy group International Service for Human Rights, said the US deserves scrutiny for its recent record on “migration, LGBT rights, racial discrimination and civic freedoms, like the right to protest”, as well as wars in the Middle East and “extrajudicial executions” in the Pacific and Caribbean. “What has Washington got to hide?” he said.
美国公民自由联盟人权项目主任贾米尔·达克瓦尔表示：“政府在向世界表明，‘我们不在乎你们是否会审查我们，我们将继续毫不掩饰地侵犯人权。’”他说，美国公民自由联盟及其盟友已呼吁联合国人权事务高级专员作出回应，明年年初对美国的人权状况作出更新。
Jamil Dakwar, director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s human rights programme, said: “The administration is saying to the world, ‘we don’t care about whether you would review us or not, we’re going to continue to violate human rights unabashed’.”He said the ACLU and allies had called on the UN human rights chief to respond by presenting an update on rights in the United States early next year.
日内瓦高等国际及发展研究院访问教授埃里克·蒂斯图内表示，美国退出可能会影响该理事会审议制度的可信度。蒂斯图内曾担任该理事会首任秘书长。
Eric Tistounet, a visiting professor at the Geneva Graduate Institute who was the council’s first secretary, said the US walkout could affect the credibility of the council’s review system.
“如果这个自称始终遵守人权规范的主导性全球大国，既不出席，甚至不解释原因，那你就大麻烦了，”他说。
“If the predominant global power – which has always claimed to adhere to the human rights norms – doesn’t show up and doesn’t even justify why, then you are in big trouble,” he said.