德国军方出于安全考虑，禁止市售中国制造无人机和中国制造车辆进入军营和训练场，一份报道周二称。
Germany's military has banned commercially available Chinese-made drones and Chinese-made vehicles from its barracks and training grounds due to security concerns, a report said Tuesday.
据德国新闻杂志《明镜》报道，近几周，德国联邦国防军（Bundeswehr）全军下达命令，要求立即停止使用所有此前从包括大疆在内的主要中国制造商处购买的市售无人机。
According to the German news magazine Der Spiegel, an order was issued in recent weeks across the entire German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) directing the immediate cessation of all use of commercially available drones previously acquired from major Chinese manufacturers, including DJI.
担忧在于，这些无人机可能将敏感数据——例如军事演习细节、军营和训练场影像，甚至德国武器系统信息——传输给中国情报部门。
There is a fear that the drones could transmit sensitive data—such as details regarding military exercises, imagery of barracks and training grounds, or even information about German weapons systems—to Chinese intelligence services.
国防部确认了这一安全措施，一名发言人表示，联邦国防军将不再使用中国制造的机型，现有系统将由德国或其他欧洲国家的产品取代。联邦国防军购买的小型中国制造无人机正在尽快退役。
The Defense Ministry confirmed the security measure, with a spokesperson saying the Bundeswehr will no longer use Chinese-made models and existing systems will be replaced by products from Germany or other European nations. The small Chinese-made drones acquired by the Bundeswehr are being taken out of service as quickly as possible.
国防部拒绝透露联邦国防军自2024年以来为训练目的购买了多少架中国制造无人机，理由是“军事安全”考量。
The Defense Ministry declined to disclose how many Chinese-made drones the Bundeswehr had purchased for training purposes since 2024, citing "military security" concerns.
不过，一名发言人确认，近年来，地方指挥官能够以极少官僚手续采购“市售现成系统”。
However, a spokesperson confirmed that in recent years, local commanders have been able to procure "commercially available, off-the-shelf systems" with minimal bureaucratic hurdles.
作为2024年“无人机战略”的一部分，联邦国防军编制了一份“白名单”，列出了可在五金店和电子产品商店购买的合适机型，其中包括大疆的多款机型。
As part of its "drone strategy" in 2024, the Bundeswehr compiled a "white list" of suitable models that could be purchased at hardware and electronics stores, including several from the manufacturer DJI.
内部人士估计，全国各地的地方指挥官已采购了数千架此类无人机。其中包括大疆的Matrice M30T机型——该无人机也被中国安全部队使用。
Insiders estimate that local commanders across the country have acquired several thousand such drones. These include DJI models like the Matrice M30T — a drone also used by security forces in China.
据信，许多其他大疆机型也已被德军采购。没有集中监督来追踪哪些部队采购了哪些无人机。因此，德军现在别无选择，只能实施全面禁令。
It is believed that many other DJI models have likewise been purchased for the Bundeswehr. There was no centralized oversight to track which units had acquired which drones. Consequently, the Bundeswehr has now been left with no choice but to impose a blanket ban.
过去几个月，武装部队内部就使用中国制造的无人机进行训练和演习是否构成安全风险，展开了激烈辩论。
Over the past few months, there has been intense debate within the armed forces regarding whether the use of Chinese-made drones for training and exercise purposes poses a security risk.
最初，国防部辩称，这些无人机在军营和训练场内的运行受到严格规程约束。
Initially, the Defense Ministry argued that the operation of these drones within barracks and on training grounds was subject to strict protocols.
还声称，中国无人机仅用于“涉及安全敏感信息”的区域之外。例如，军方使用这些中国系统为有志成为无人机飞行员的人员开设入门课程，而在其他情况下，大疆无人机则作为反无人机防御系统的练习靶标。
It was also claimed that the Chinese drones were only used in areas "where no security-sensitive information is involved." For instance, the military used these Chinese systems for introductory courses for prospective drone pilots, while in other instances, DJI drones served as practice targets for counter-drone defense systems.
内部人士早在白名单制定之初就曾警告存在安全风险。根据情报调查结果，所有中国无人机制造商都与中国当局密切合作。
Insiders had warned of a security risk as early as the creation of the white list. According to intelligence findings, all Chinese drone manufacturers work in close cooperation with Chinese authorities.
西方情报机构的分析人士还怀疑，这些中国无人机配备了专门技术，能够将数据和图像直接传输至中国安全部门。
Analysts from Western intelligence services also suspect that these Chinese drones are equipped with specialized technology capable of transmitting data and imagery directly to the Chinese security apparatus.
因此，即使是通过非正式、小规模采购购买的此类无人机，也有可能传输有关德军及其能力的敏感信息。
Consequently, it is possible that such drones—even those purchased through informal, small-scale procurement—could relay sensitive information regarding the Bundeswehr and its capabilities.
目前尚不清楚是否已经出现过使用中国无人机收集敏感数据的案例。据一名内部人士称，他在过去几个月中多次就德军使用大疆无人机一事提出异议和投诉，称已有具体迹象表明存在此类间谍活动。
It is not known whether there have already been instances in which Chinese drones were used to gather sensitive data. According to one insider who has repeatedly voiced objections and complaints over the past few months regarding the Bundeswehr’s use of DJI drones, there are already concrete indications of such espionage activities.
具体而言，据称军事反情报局（MAD）在检查联邦国防军使用过的无人机时，发现了数据“外泄”的法医证据。
Specifically, the Military Counterintelligence Service (MAD) is said to have discovered forensic evidence of data "exfiltration" while examining drones that had been used by the Bundeswehr.
中国汽车也被列入限制名单 无人机禁令并非针对北京潜在间谍活动采取的唯一措施。据《明镜》报道，联邦国防军——引用紧急安全顾虑——也对中国制造车辆进入军营及其他设施实施了广泛限制。军队内部正在流传具体名单，列出了比亚迪、吉利和蔚来等中国制造商的多款车型，这些车型不再被允许进入被列为安全区域的区域。拥有此类车辆的士兵现在必须将车辆停在营区外，步行进入。
Chinese cars also placed on restricted list The ban on drones is not the only measure taken against potential espionage activities by Beijing. According to Der Spiegel, the Bundeswehr—citing acute security concerns—has also imposed extensive restrictions on Chinese-made vehicles entering military barracks and other facilities. Specific lists are circulating within the ranks identifying various models from Chinese manufacturers such as BYD, Geely and NIO that are no longer permitted to enter areas classified as secure zones. Soldiers who own such vehicles must now park outside the barracks and proceed on foot.
禁令的原因是担心中国车辆上安装的众多传感器和摄像头可能会记录敏感数据并将其传输给中国安全部门。
The reason for the ban is the fear that the numerous sensors and cameras installed in Chinese vehicles could record sensitive data and transmit it to Chinese security agencies.
就在最近，挪威武装部队在一次演习中发现，中国制造的租车一直在进行此类录像——例如，拍摄了军营入口处的安检情况。该事件发生在“首都”国土防御演习期间，该演习于9月14日至18日举行，参与士兵达5000人。
Just recently, the Norwegian Armed Forces discovered during an exercise that Chinese-made rental cars had been making such recordings—capturing, for instance, the security checks at the entrance to a military camp. The incident occurred during the "Hovedstad" homeland defense exercise which involved 5,000 soldiers between Sept. 14 and 18.