东京/马尼拉 —— 在日本支持下，东南亚国家联盟（东盟）成员国将最早于2027年建立一套紧急情况下共享石油产品储备的制度，日本预期该举措将强化自身的经济安全。
TOKYO/MANILA -- Members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations will create a system for sharing petroleum product stockpiles in emergencies as early as 2027 with support from Japan, which expects the initiative to bolster its own economic security.
计划是在印度尼西亚和泰国建设柴油和汽油储存设施，菲律宾将能够购买这些储备。此举是在今年缺乏储备的东南亚国家因伊朗战争面临能源不确定性后出台的。
The plan is to build Indonesian and Thai storage facilities for diesel and gasoline, which the Philippines will be able to purchase. The move comes after Southeast Asian countries lacking stockpiles faced energy uncertainty this year amid the Iran war.
菲律宾国家石油勘探公司（PNOC-EC）将于周六在东盟商业与投资峰会期间，与泰国储罐运营商及PT Interport Mandiri Utama（Interport）签署意向书，这在菲律宾主办、于周日开幕的东盟峰会之前进行。
PNOC Exploration Corporation (PNOC-EC) will sign a letter of intent with tank operators in Thailand and PT Interport Mandiri Utama (Interport) on the sidelines of the ASEAN Business and Investment Summit on Saturday, ahead of the ASEAN Summit, which the Philippines hosts beginning Sunday.
该储备将采用基于票据的制度，该制度已在欧盟等地实行，但将是东盟首创。
The reserves will use a ticket-based system, which has been adopted in the European Union and elsewhere but will be the first of its kind in ASEAN.
在正常时期，储罐运营商可像往常一样出售其储存的柴油和汽油。在紧急情况下，提前购买票据的国家和企业将获得优先权，可购买一定数量的产品。
Tank operators will be able to sell their stored diesel and gasoline as usual during normal times. In emergencies, countries and companies that bought tickets in advance will be given priority access to purchase a given amount.
印度尼西亚、泰国和菲律宾定于周六签署协议，落实票据制度。票据价格及使用条件等细节将在后续确定。
Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines are set to sign an agreement Saturday on implementing the ticket system. Such details as ticket prices and the conditions for their use will be determined going forward.
总部设在印度尼西亚的东盟与东亚经济研究所（ERIA）——由日本经济产业省主导的国际智库——推动采用该制度。日本使用来自东南亚的石油产品。
The Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), an Indonesia-based international think tank led by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, spearheaded the push to adopt the system. Japan uses petroleum products from Southeast Asia.
老挝和东帝汶也在考虑参与。未来目标包括为整个东盟建立联合储备，并纳入原油等其他产品。
Laos and East Timor are considering participating as well. Future goals include establishing joint stockpiles for ASEAN as a whole and incorporating other products such as crude oil.
通过霍尔木兹海峡的原油和石油产品约有80%流向亚洲，菲律宾尤其依赖中东，其原油进口超过90%来自该地区。伊朗战争爆发后，总统小费迪南德·马科斯于3月宣布全国进入能源紧急状态。
Around 80% of the crude oil and petroleum products that travel through the Strait of Hormuz go to Asia, and the Philippines in particular relies on the Middle East for more than 90% of its crude imports. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. declared a state of national energy emergency in March after the launch of the Iran war.
包括日本在内的国际能源署成员国，须维持相当于净进口量不少于90天的石油储备。东盟国家中无一是国际能源署正式成员。
Member nations of the International Energy Agency, including Japan, are required to maintain oil reserves equivalent to no less than 90 days' worth of net imports. No ASEAN countries are full IEA members.
经济研究所（ERIA）过去的一项研究发现，菲律宾的石油储备仅相当于约15至30天的需求量，印度尼西亚为14至23天。储存设施短缺使得增加储备变得困难。
A past ERIA study found oil stockpiles equivalent to only about 15 to 30 days' worth of demand in the Philippines and 14 to 23 days in Indonesia. A dearth of storage facilities makes it difficult to add more reserves.
为东南亚建立石油储备体系对日本也有其他益处。美国袭击伊朗后，该地区出现短缺，导致透析设备和医疗器械等货物的运输延误。确保充足储备将使日本企业在紧急情况下更容易在东南亚持续开展业务。
A petroleum reserve system for Southeast Asia would have other benefits for Japan. The shortages in the region that followed the U.S. attack on Iran delayed shipments of such goods as dialysis equipment and medical devices. Ensuring sufficient stockpiles would make it easier for Japanese companies to keep doing business in Southeast Asia in emergency situations.