秘鲁库斯科——毛里西奥·萨瓦雷塞、妮可·温菲尔德、阿斯特丽德·苏亚雷斯报道：周日，随着教皇利奥十四世穿梭秘鲁访问安第斯山高海拔与热带雨林深处的群落，土著人民的困境与亚马孙的保护成为核心议题。
MAURICIO SAVARESE, NICOLE WINFIELD, ASTRID SUAREZ CUSCO, Peru — The plight of Indigenous peoples and the protection of the Amazon take center stage Sunday as Pope Leo XIV travels across Peru to visit communities high in the Andes and deep in the rainforest.
在对第二故乡访问倒数第二天的行程中，预计利奥将呼应教皇方济各，强调将关爱最弱势群体与关爱上帝造物联系起来的天主教教义。
On the penultimate day of his visit to his adopted homeland, Leo is expected to echo Pope Francis , emphasizing Catholic teaching that links care for the most vulnerable with care for God’s creation.
他首先前往印加帝国前首都库斯科，随后飞往亚马孙城市普卡尔帕。非法采矿、毁林以及对土著群落的威胁将是那里的核心关切。
He travels first to Cusco, the former capital of the Inca empire, before flying to the Amazonian city of Pucallpa , where illegal mining, deforestation and threats to Indigenous communities will be central concerns. “The church in Peru perceives the continuity of his commitment to accompany Indigenous peoples in the defense of life and the care of the territory, which is increasingly threatened by deforestation and illegal mining,” Peruvian Cardinal Pedro Barreto, president of the Amazon bishops conference, told The Associated Press.
亚马孙主教会议主席、秘鲁红衣主教佩德罗·巴雷托对美联社表示：“秘鲁教会察觉到，他延续了陪伴土著人民捍卫生命和保护领土的承诺，而这片领土正日益受到毁林和非法采矿的威胁。”
“Leo is clearing the path laid out” by Francis on environmental protection and human rights, Barreto said.
巴雷托说：“利奥正在扫清方济各”在环境保护和人权方面“铺平的道路”。他补充说，教皇将听取有关影响儿童和青少年的暴力的汇报。
He added that the pope would hear about violence affecting children and young people. The visit to Cusco, 3,400 meters (more than 11,000 feet) above sea level, will test the stamina of the pope, who is recovering from lung cancer surgery.
对海拔3400米（超过1.1万英尺）的库斯科的访问，将考验这位正在从肺癌手术中恢复的教皇的体力。
His schedule begins at the historic Sacsayhuamán fortress, where he will speak about local religious devotion.
他的日程从历史悠久的萨克赛华曼堡垒开始，他将在那里发表关于当地宗教热忱的讲话。在武器广场，他将为地震之主圣像颁发一件来自圣座的寿衣，该圣像是一个多地震国家的信仰核心。随后，在前往普卡尔帕之前，他将向病人发表讲话。
In the Plaza de Armas, he will present a shroud from the Holy See for the image of the Lord of the Earthquakes, a focus of devotion in a country prone to seismic activity. He will then deliver a message to the sick before leaving for Pucallpa. In the rainforest city of 434,000 people, Leo is expected to reinforce Francis’ teachings on protecting the environment and Indigenous communities threatened by illegal mining and other forms of exploitation.
在这座拥有43.4万人口的雨林城市里，预计利奥将重申方济各关于保护环境以及遭受非法采矿和其他形式剥削威胁的土著群落的教导。
The Rev.
此次访问的组织者之一卢卡·赞塔神父表示，利奥将“主要倾听聚集在亚里纳科查湖畔的亚马孙土著人民，包括希皮博、阿沙宁卡和库卡马群落”。
Luca Zanta, one of the visit’s organizers, said Leo would “primarily listen to the Amazonian Indigenous peoples, including the Shipibo, Asháninka, and Kukama communities” gathered beside Lake Yarinacocha.
赞塔说，利奥将领导一场象征性的活动，种植一棵希瓦瓦科树。这是一种本土雨林树木，可以存活1000多年，长到几十米高。
Zanta said Leo would lead a symbolic planting of a shihuahuaco, a native rainforest tree that can live for more than 1,000 years and grow dozens of meters tall. “That is a symbol of how we want our common house to be. We want the Catholic Church to live long, protect those who need it and see its values and beauty admired by generations and generations,” Zanta told local radio Saturday.
赞塔周六对当地广播电台表示：“这是我们希望我们的共同家园成为什么样的象征。我们希望天主教能够长久存续，保护那些需要保护的人，并看到其价值观和美德受到一代又一代人的钦佩。”
The Rev.
84岁的爱尔兰神父彼得·休斯在秘鲁生活了六十多年，他表示这次访问反映了教会对穷人的关切。
Peter Hughes, an 84-year-old Irish priest who has lived in Peru for more than six decades, said the visit reflects the church’s concern for the poor.
他说：“用拉丁美洲的术语来说，土著人民，或者说他们的幸存者，是代表真正穷人的最重要的群体。这就是为什么像教皇方济各和教皇利奥这样的领导人会用非常人性化的语言来说《福音》的语言，把正义和和平放在首位。在基督教意义上的正义中，最重要的人是被边缘化的人、没有声音的人以及穷人。”非法金矿开采已成为亚马孙地区一项日益利润丰厚的业务，它破坏了森林并污染了河流。矿工使用简易的抽吸式挖泥船和剧毒金属汞来提取黄金。
“In Latin American terms, the Indigenous peoples, or what is left of them, are the most important collective representing the truly poor,” he said. “That is what makes leaders like Pope Francis and Pope Leo speak the language of the Gospel in very human terms, putting a premium on justice and peace. In the Christian sense of justice, the most important people are the poor, the marginalized, and those who have no voice.”Illegal gold mining has become an increasingly lucrative business in the Amazon, devastating forests and polluting rivers.
“战争与冲突的全球背景导致黄金价格飙升至历史最高水平，而这带来的直接影响是——黄金存在于所有亚马孙河流中——可以通过使用汞提取，特别是如果你想大规模开采的话，”保卫亚马孙西亚马孙项目主管拉斐尔·霍特默说。他说：“这正在导致污染、健康问题和环境退化。”
Miners use makeshift suction dredges and mercury, a toxic metal, to extract gold. “This global context of war and conflict has contributed to gold prices rising to historic highs, and the direct impact of this is that gold — which is present in all Amazonian rivers — can be extracted using mercury, particularly if you want to do this on a large scale,” said Raphael Hoetmer, Western Amazon program director at Amazon Watch.
周六，警方报告了在马德雷德迪奥斯针对非法采矿的三次打击行动。马德雷德迪奥斯是该国生物多样性最丰富的地区之一。警方表示，他们销毁了价值410万美元的采矿设备，包括木筏和马达。
“It’s causing pollution, health issues, and environmental degradation,” he said. On Saturday, police reported three operations against illegal mining in Madre de Dios, one of the country’s most biodiverse regions. They said they destroyed extraction equipment, including rafts and motors, valued at $4.1 million.
非法采矿还加剧了毁林并侵占土著领土，威胁着祖传土地，并使群落暴露在暴力和有组织犯罪之中。
Illegal mining also drives deforestation and encroaches on Indigenous territories, threatening ancestral lands and exposing communities to violence and organized crime.
预计利奥还将谈到针对妇女和女童的性暴力。巴雷托表示，教皇可能会特别关注北部亚马孙孔多坎基省最近发生的一起案件，那里的教师性虐待了土著阿瓦洪族和万皮斯族女孩。
Leo is also expected to address sexual violence against women and girls. Barreto said the pope would likely pay particular attention to a recent case in Condorcanqui province in the northern Amazon, where teachers sexually abused Indigenous Awajún and Wampis girls.
秘鲁对生活在孤立状态中的土著人民尤为关切，其中包括东南部马德雷德迪奥斯森林中的马什科皮罗人。
There is particular concern in Peru for Indigenous peoples living in isolation, including the Mashco Piro in the forests of southeastern Madre de Dios.
国际生存组织2024年发布的影像显示，伐木特许权附近有数十名马什科皮罗人。土著居民与伐木工当年发生的冲突导致至少两名伐木工死亡。V对生活在孤立或初步接触状态中的卡卡泰博群落的关切也在延伸。
Images released by Survival International in 2024 showed dozens of Mashco Piro people near logging concessions. Clashes between Indigenous people and loggers that year left at least two loggers dead. Concerns also extend to Kakataibo communities living in isolation or initial contact.
霍特默说：“他们拥有理应保护他们的保护区。但秘鲁政府越来越不愿意承认这些人的存在。而且他们的保护区也正遭到贩毒集团的入侵，因为当然，对于贩毒集团来说，由于没有人能进去，这些地方是理想的运营场所。”
“They have reservations that should protect them. But the Peruvian government is increasingly unwilling to acknowledge the existence of these peoples,” Hoetmer said.
温菲尔德自秘鲁奇克拉约发回报道；苏亚雷斯自秘鲁利马发回报道。
“And their reserves are also being invaded by drug cartels because, of course, they’re ideal places for them to operate since no one can get in.”
美联社的宗教报道通过美联社与美国《对话》杂志的合作获得支持，资金来自莉莉捐赠基金公司。美联社对该内容承担全部责任。
Winfield reported from Chiclayo, Peru; Suarez reported from Lima, Peru. Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP’s collaboration with The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.