西班牙马略卡岛帕尔马，9月28日电 - 皮拉尔·洛佩兹在今夏被驱逐出居住了12年的帕尔马公寓后，在车里睡了两个月。
PALMA DE MALLORCA, Spain, Sept 28 - Pilar Lopez spent two months sleeping in her car after she was evicted this summer from the apartment in Palma de Mallorca where she had lived for 12 years.
现年65岁的洛佩兹因脊柱受伤患有严重慢性病，她说一家投资基金从她签有租约的银行手中买下了该房产，随后突然提出给她钱让她搬走。她拒绝了，却无力对抗驱逐令。她现在住在一家旅馆的临时住所里。
Lopez, 65, who suffers from a serious chronic condition resulting from a spinal injury, said an investment fund bought the property from the bank with which she had a rental contract and out of the blue tried to offer her money to leave. She refused, but was unable to fight the eviction. She now lives in temporary accommodation in a hostal.
“我看得出他们把房子装修过了，”洛佩兹站在旧公寓外说，并表示她认为房子已被改作度假短租。
"I can see that they have refurbished it," Lopez said, standing outside her old flat, adding that she believed it had been repurposed as a holiday letting.
上周，87岁的退休老人马里卡门·阿瓦斯卡尔在马德里居住了七十多年的家中被抬着担架强行带走，这一事件将西班牙民众对驱逐行动的愤怒推向高潮。
Anger over evictions in Spain reached a head after 87-year-old pensioner Maricarmen Abascal was removed last week on a stretcher from her home in Madrid of more than seven decades.
这在西班牙各地引发大规模示威，抗议者在马德里市中心的太阳门广场马德里自治区政府总部外搭起帐篷，首相桑切斯承诺将在周二内阁会议后给出解决方案。
It provoked large demonstrations across Spain, with protesters pitching tents in the central Puerta del Sol square outside the Madrid regional government headquarters, and a pledge from Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez to provide a solution after his cabinet meets on Tuesday.
住房短缺导致租金飙升 西班牙和许多其他欧洲国家一样，正经历严重的住房危机，房价飙升，租金涨幅快于实际工资增长，原因是房屋建设速度缓慢，无法满足需求。
HOUSING SHORTAGE BRINGS SURGING RENTS Spain, like many other European countries, is experiencing an acute housing crisis as property prices soar and rents surge faster than real wage growth due to the slow pace of home construction that can't satisfy demand.
该国难以恢复到2008年金融危机前的建房节奏，根据西班牙央行数据，约75万套的住房缺口预计将在2028年扩大至100万套以上，几乎是意大利的两倍。
The country has struggled to match the rhythm of homebuilding it had before the financial crisis in 2008, and a deficit of about 750,000 homes is set to grow to more than a million by 2028, according to the Bank of Spain, almost double that of Italy.
随着买房负担不起的人增多，租房需求增加，给市场带来压力，旅游业激增也加剧了这一趋势。根据西班牙青年理数据，平均租金为1176欧元（约合1337美元），相当于西班牙平均月薪的98.7%。
With fewer people able to afford a home, renting has increased, putting pressure on the market, as has a surge in tourism. The average rental price of €1,176 ($1,337) is equivalent to about 98.7% of the average monthly salary in Spain, according to the Youth Council of Spain.
西班牙的问题在欧洲其他城市也有回响。本月，极左翼的左翼党赢得了柏林州选举，誓言将让住房负担得起，并将私人住房协会国有化。
Spain's problems are echoed in other cities across Europe. The far-left Left Party won Berlin's state election this month, vowing it would make housing affordable and nationalise private housing associations.
保护弱势租户的法律失效 疫情期间西班牙通过的一项保护弱势租户的法律于3月失效，因其延期提议被反对党否决。
LAW PROTECTING VULNERABLE TENANTS EXPIRED A law passed in Spain during the pandemic to protect vulnerable tenants expired in March after its extension was rejected by opposition parties.
“桑切斯准备给我们的那点残羹冷炙已不再足够，”租户组织“西班牙租户工会联合会”发言人卡梅·阿尔卡拉索说，该组织协调了马德里的抗议活动，要求批准新的“马里卡门法令”。
"The crumbs that Sánchez was prepared to offer us are no longer enough," said Carme Arcarazo, spokesperson of the tenants group, Spain's Confederation of Tenants' Unions, which co-ordinated the protest in Madrid to demand the approval of a new "MariCarmen decree".
租户权益团体要求自动续签租赁合同，类似于荷兰、奥地利和德国已存在的无固定期限租赁合同，以及英国禁止无正当理由驱逐租户的措施。
Tenant advocacy groups want the automatic renewal of rental contracts, similar to the indefinite rental contracts that already exist in the Netherlands, Austria and Germany and a measure in Britain to prohibit the eviction of tenants without justification.
如果房东无法提供不续签合同的正当理由，但仍想驱逐租户，则须按租户居住的每一年支付一个月租金作为补偿。
If a landlord can't provide a justification for not renewing a contract, they would have to compensate the tenant with one month's rent for every year the tenant has lived in the property if still wanting to evict.
他们还寻求采取法律措施阻止驱逐、规范按间出租合同以及冻结租金。
They also seek legal measures to stop evictions, the regulation of by-the-room rental contracts and a rent freeze.
桑切斯面临重大挑战，需说服国会中意识形态各异的盟友，就内阁批准的任何法令迅速达成共识。
Sanchez faces a significant challenge to persuade his ideologically disparate allies in Congress to swiftly reach consensus on any decree approved by cabinet.
虽然“团结能做更多”党和“我们能”党等左翼政党首次呼吁限制租金和自动续签及延长合同，但加泰罗尼亚民族主义政党“共同为加泰罗尼亚”仅表示将支持限制所谓“秃鹰基金”驱逐租户的措施，并称不会同意任何压缩供应或惩罚小房东的举措，后者构成了西班牙房产主的绝大多数。
While leftist parties such as Sumar and Podemos for the first time have called for rent caps and automatic contract renewals and extensions, the Catalan nationalist party Junts has only said it will support measures to restrict evictions by so-called "vulture funds" and said it won't agree to anything that crimps supply or punishes small landlords, who make up the vast majority of property owners in Spain.
根据西班牙央行数据，投资基金和控股公司的占比低于许多人想象，仅占西班牙房地产市场的8%。
Investment funds and holding companies are less prevalent than many imagine, accounting for just 8% of Spain's property market, according to the Bank of Spain.
对于洛佩兹来说，被驱逐的经历引发了阵阵焦虑，她描述了自己住在车里时，被迫使用海滩淋浴的情况。
For Lopez, the eviction experience triggered bouts of anxiety as she described how, while living in her car, she was forced to use a shower at the beach.
“我哭了很多——我是说真的很多。哭泣是我宣泄一切的方式，”她说。
"I cry a lot – and I mean a lot. Crying is how I let it all out," she said.