国防部长皮特·赫格塞思在周三对现役军官发表的演讲中宣布了一系列重要举措。演讲伊始,他一如既往地聚焦于自己关心的核心议题:文化战争、清除国防部内的“政治正确”倾向、批评媒体对伊朗战争的报道方式,并宣称美国的军事精神已经得到复兴、军队也得到了重建。此外,他还宣布了以下几项具有重大意义的举措:
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth made a flurry of announcements during a wide-ranging speech to active-duty officers Wednesday. At the beginning of the address, the Pentagon chief stuck to his bread and butter: culture-war grievances, stripping the “woke” out of the Department of Defense (DOD), bashing the news media for its coverage of the Iran war, and proclaiming the “warrior ethos” has been revived and the U.S. military has been “rebuilt.”But the Defense secretary made several newsy announcements that lean into Hegseth's elevation of faith, create a combatant command, partner the Pentagon with different universities and tease a new domestic military base for which governors will compete.
- 成立新的四星级作战指挥机构:赫格塞思宣布成立一个专注于研发自主作战技术(如无人机和防御性机器人)的作战指挥机构。该机构将拥有类似常规军种的权力,能够在和平时期迅速推进自主作战与机器人技术的发展,目标是在明年10月1日前投入实战。该机构最初将由前海军陆战队员欧文·韦斯特(现任国防部国防创新局局长)和海军海豹突击队高级指挥官马克斯·斯特拉西斯尔共同领导;后续将有一位四星级别的军事将领接任指挥职务。
Here are the takeaways from Hegseth’s 52-minute speech at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Virginia: Hegseth announced the formation of a new four-star combatant command focused on developing autonomous warfare like drones and defense robotics. The Defense secretary said it would have “service-like authorities built to scale autonomous and robotic capabilities across the joint force in the fastest peacetime shift in modern military history,” with the aim of being operational by Oct. 1 next year.
- 与多所大学建立合作:赫格塞思表示,国防部将与多所大学合作,共同推进相关技术研发与应用。
The Autonomous Warfare Command, or “AutoWarCom,” will be initially led by Owen West, a former Marine who is now the director of the Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Unit, and Max Strasiser, a Navy SEAL senior chief. Later, a four-star military leader will be announced.
- 新建国内军事基地:他还透露,美国将在多个地区新建军事基地,各州政府将参与这些基地的选址竞争。
“This command will possess directed manpower, budget, acquisition authorities and create dedicated military career pathways for Officers and Enlisted personnel,” Hegseth said in a Wednesday memo.
赫格塞思在弗吉尼亚州匡蒂科海军陆战队基地发表的这番52分钟演讲内容十分引人关注。他的讲话表明,美国国防部正在积极调整战略,以应对未来的军事挑战。
The new command will test equipment and force designs with “realistic opposition” in exercises and rugged environments to figure out what works on the battlefield, the Defense secretary said in the memo.
赫格塞斯透露,SpaceXAI首席执行官埃隆·马斯克、Anduril联合创始人帕尔默·卢基以及前众议院议长纽特·金里奇(共和党,佐治亚州)将领导五角大楼一项名为“子午线计划”的新举措,旨在研究战争的未来。五角大楼负责人称,该计划旨在利用美国的创新者、高级领导人和技术人员,展望数十年后的未来,并“预测明日冲突的创造性解决方案”。
Hegseth revealed that SpaceXAI CEO Elon Musk, Anduril co-founder Palmer Luckey and former Speaker Newt Gingrich (R-Ga.) will lead a new Pentagon effort to study the future of warfare, dubbed Project Meridian. The Pentagon chief said the project is meant to harness America’s innovators, senior leaders and technologists to look decades into the future and “forecast the creative solution for tomorrow’s conflicts.”
他形容该项目“刻意具有未来主义色彩”,并澄清其目的并非制定新的战略或政策。赫格塞斯表示:“我们应有谦逊之心,承认对未来冲突的最佳预测者并不仅仅存在于五角大楼内部。”“让我们自己既提出问题又回答问题,存在明显的偏见和风险。”赫格塞斯指出,在研究与工程副部长埃米尔·迈克尔的领导下,马斯克、卢基和金里奇将“专注于发现、开发和部署我们的子孙后代在其一生中所需的武器和系统,不受任何创造性限制或约束,适用于从地下到月球之外的任何未来战场”。
“It is futuristic on purpose,” he said of the project, which he clarified was not meant to develop new strategies or policies. “We should have the humility to recognize that the best forecasters of future conflict do not solely reside inside the Pentagon,” Hegseth said. “There are obvious biases and risks to asking ourselves to both ask the questions and answer them.”Hegseth said Musk, Luckey and Gingrich, under the leadership of Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Emil Michael, “will be focused on discovering, developing, and fielding the weapons and systems that our children and our grandchildren will need in their lifetimes, without any creative limitations or restrictions, on any future battlefield, from under the Earth to beyond the moon.”
赫格塞斯发表声明时,这三位人士均在场。五角大楼负责人称,他们关于“子午线计划”的首次会议将在活动结束后立即在该建筑内的一个敏感隔离信息设施中举行。赫格塞斯邀请各州州长竞标,争取让本州成为“下一个伟大美国”基地的所在地。国防部长表示:“我们呼吁全国每一位州长、每一位州长副官,以及这个伟大共和国的每一位州长,挺身而出,向我们展示他们最出色的推销方案。”
All three men were in attendance at the Pentagon as Hegseth made his announcement, and the Pentagon chief said their first meeting on Project Meridian would happen immediately following the event in a sensitive compartmented information facility in the building. Hegseth invited governors to bid for their state to be the home of the “next great American” base. “We’re calling on every governor in the country and adjutant general, every tag across this great republic, to step up to the plate and bring us their best sales pitch,” the Defense secretary said.
“如果贵州希望获得容纳1.5万至2.5万名美国优秀军人的荣誉,请向我们说明理由及具体实施方案,包括如何简化繁文缛节、提供土地,并为我们的军人家庭铺设红地毯,”他在演讲中说道。位于华盛顿州的埃弗雷特海军基地是美国境内最近建成的基地,于20世纪90年代启用。该基地驻扎着多艘导弹驱逐舰和海岸警卫队舰艇。
“If your state wants the honor of hosting 15,000 to 25,000 of America’s great troops, show us why and how you’re going to do it, cutting through the red tape, offering up the land and rolling out the red carpet for our military families,” he said during the speech. Naval Station Everett in Washington state was the most recent base built inside the U.S., opening in the 1990s. The base is home to several guided-missile destroyers and Coast Guard ships.
赫格塞斯表示,新基地不会是一座“毫无生气的政府设施”,并辩称五角大楼将“规划并绘制出一个动态的、自给自足的权力投射平台”。五角大楼称,该基地将独立于商业电网运行,配备独立的发电系统、自主系统和先进的防空系统。“我们谈论的是数十万英亩的土地,拥有自主发电能力、现代化防空系统和尖端技术,可以将其想象为一座堡垒,”这位部长说道。
Hegseth said the new base will not be a “soulless government installation,” arguing the Pentagon will “plan out and chart out a dynamic, self-sustaining power projection platform.”The Pentagon said the base will be off the commercial grid, featuring independent power generation, autonomous systems and advanced air defenses. “We’re talking hundreds of thousands of acres with organic power generation, modern air defenses, and cutting-edge technology, think a fortress,” the secretary said.
军人将享有“一流营房、世界级训练设施,以及拥有顶级住房、学校、托儿和医疗服务的繁荣社区”。赫格塞斯指示负责能源、设施与环境事务的国防部副部长戴尔·R·马克斯领导五角大楼的工作,以识别、评估、选择并准备该基地的最佳选址。国防部长在周三的一份备忘录中表示:“颠覆性技术的快速进步、同级对手之间日益增强的战略协同,以及对关键国防和国土基础设施持续且复杂的网络入侵,要求我们必须采取现代化且具备韧性的态势。”
Service members will have “first-class barracks, world-class training facilities, and thriving communities with top-tier housing, school, childcare and healthcare for families.”Hegseth directed Dale R. Marks, who is assistant secretary of Defense for energy, installations and environment, to lead the Pentagon’s effort to identify, evaluate, select and prepare an optimal site for the base. “Rapid advancements in disruptive technologies, growing strategic alignment among peer adversaries, and persistent, sophisticated cyber intrusions against critical defense and homeland infrastructure necessitate a modernized, resilient posture,” the Defense secretary said in a Wednesday memo.
周三公布的另一项新倡议是“堡垒美国”,赫格塞思声称这将成为“美国本土的国家保险单”。据赫格塞思介绍,在“堡垒”计划下——该名称代表“韧性、部队资源、能源供应与生存能力的联邦行动”——美国每一座主要军事设施都将自行发电,独立于民用电网。他说:“如果对手通过网络攻击、破坏活动或任何手段瘫痪电网,我们的基地依然灯火通明。我们的飞机继续飞行。我们的指挥中心永远不会陷入黑暗。”
Another new initiative revealed Wednesday is “Fortress America,” which Hegseth claimed will be “a national insurance policy for the American homeland.”Under Fortress, which stands for “Federal Operations for Resilience, Troop Resources, Energy Supply and Survivability,” every major military installation in America would generate its own power independent of the civilian grid, according to Hegseth. “If an adversary takes down the grid by cyberattack, by sabotage, or by any means, our bases stay lit. Our aircraft keep flying. Our command centers never go dark,” he said.
这项努力还旨在将关键供应链带回国内,包括稀土矿物、特种金属、半导体和推进剂,“在美国开采、在美国精炼、由美国工人在美国制造”。此外,赫格塞思表示,五角大楼将建立弹药、燃料、药品和血液等关键物资的战略储备,储备量“足够深厚,以至于即使全球供应链断裂——在真正的战争中,它们必然会断裂——美国仍能继续作战”。
The effort also is meant to bring critical supply chains home, including rare earth minerals, specialty metals, semiconductors and propellants “mined in America, refined in America, built in America by American workers.”In addition, the Pentagon would build up strategic reserves of such critical needs as munitions, fuel, medicine and blood “deep enough that if the world's supply lines break — and in a real war, they're going to break — America keeps fighting anyway,” Hegseth said.
为实现这一目标,赫格塞思称美军正在“加固美国本土每一座设施,抵御网络入侵、破坏活动和无人机威胁,我们正在确保制高点和电磁频谱,我们的卫星,我们的频谱”,并声称国防部“将成为整个国家的保险单”。这位国防部长还表示,五角大楼将与另外五所大学合作,扩大学员队伍。这项名为“美国学员团”的军事训练计划将涵盖路易斯安那州立大学、自由大学、塔斯基吉大学、密西西比州立大学和希尔斯代尔学院。
To accomplish this, Hegseth said the U.S. military is “hardening every installation on American soil against cyber intrusion, sabotage and drones, and we're securing the high ground and the airwaves, our satellites, our spectrum,” claiming that the DOD “will be the insurance policy for the entire nation.”The Defense secretary also said the Pentagon will partner with five more colleges to broaden the corps of cadets. The military training program, called “America's Corps of Cadets,” will include Louisiana State University, Liberty University, Tuskegee University, Mississippi State University and Hillsdale College.
赫格塞思说:“我们需要更多来自军事院校和高级军事学院等学术机构的军官,今天我们将让这成为现实。”
“We need more officers from academic institutions like our military academies and senior military colleges, and today we're going to make that happen,” Hegseth said.
每所学校都将成为“杰出军事学院”,并被期望“保持极高的学员纪律、战术教学和军事组织标准,”五角大楼负责人表示。
Each school will be a “distinguished military college” and will be expected to “maintain exceptionally high standards of cadet discipline, tactical instruction and military organization,” the Pentagon chief said.
西点军校、海军军官学校和空军军官学校等军事院校培养了美国武装部队的大多数军官,其次是德州农工大学和西塔德尔军校等高级军事学院。
Military academies like West Point, Naval Academy and Air Force Academy commission most of the officers into the U.S. armed forces, followed by senior military colleges like Texas A&M and the Citadel.
根据周三的一份五角大楼备忘录,赫格塞斯的办公室将在30天内开始实施,并在四个月内,国防部人事与战备副部长安东尼·塔塔将转任成为该计划的主要负责办公室。
Hegseth’s office will begin implementation within 30 days, and within four months, Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Anthony Tata will transition to become the primary office responsible for the program, according to a Wednesday Pentagon memo.
“从常春藤盟校到最自由的文理学院,我们的大学已变成反美的DEI[多元、公平与包容]崇拜的‘觉醒’工厂。毅力和勇气等品质被政治正确和社会正义所取代,”赫格塞斯说。“上帝和国家被切·格瓦拉和批判理论所取代。”
“From the Ivy Leagues to the most liberal arts colleges, our colleges and universities have become anti-American DEI [diversity, equity and inclusion] worshipping woke factories. Qualities like grit and courage replaced with political correctness and social justice,” Hegseth said. “God and country traded for Che Guevara and critical theory.”
在最后的宣言中,赫格塞斯宣布将在五角大楼设立宗教事务办公室,该办公室将“直接向最高层汇报”。
In his last proclamation, Hegseth declared he will establish the Office of Religious Affairs at the Pentagon that “will report straight to the top.”
“尖端技术……新的基地部署和基地……以及更好的人才培养渠道,如果没有我国共和国最基本的组成部分:信仰,都是不完整的,”他对在场的现役军人说道。
“Cutting-edge technology ... new basing and bases ... and a better educational pipeline are still incomplete without the most essential component of our republic: faith,” he told the assembled service members. He said the Defense Department has “a sacred duty” to provide troops with “first-class religious support” wherever they’re sent, bashing past administrations for treating the topic as an afterthought.
他说,国防部有“神圣职责”在部队被派往任何地方时提供“第一流的宗教支持”,并抨击历届政府将这一议题视为事后诸葛亮。
“Political correctness and secular humanism got a vote. Chaplains did not. Budgets were cut. Resourcing and manpower needs were ignored. Base chapels fell apart,” Hegseth claimed.
“政治正确和世俗人文主义有了发言权。军队牧师却没有。预算被削减。资源和人力需求被忽视。基地教堂破败不堪,”赫格塞斯声称。
“Decisions about faith and religion were made by secular careerists in cubicles and lawyers running around with red tape.”Starting Wednesday, the Office of Religious Affairs will have “a direct line to the secretary” and will “protect budgets, demand infrastructure, and strengthen religious support,” he said.
“关于信仰和宗教的决定,是由隔间里的世俗仕途主义者和忙于繁文缛节的律师做出的。”他说,从周三开始,宗教事务办公室将拥有“直通部长的渠道”,并将“保护预算、争取基础设施、加强宗教支持”。
Hegseth frequently invokes his faith and has declared service members’ spiritual health as “equally important” as their physical and mental health. Earlier this year he revamped the U.S. military’s Chaplain Corps, announcing that the officers will no longer wear their rank insignia, instead displaying insignia that reflects their religious affiliation — part of two major changes to the group.
赫格塞斯经常援引自己的信仰,并宣布军人的精神健康与他们的身心健康“同等重要”。今年早些时候,他改革了美军的军牧团,宣布军官将不再佩戴军衔徽章,而是佩戴反映其宗教派别的徽章——这是对该团体的两项重大变革之一。
At the start of his speech, Hegseth defended his plan to cut 20 percent of generals and admirals at the Pentagon, arguing the major shake-up was long overdue at the department. “Now the media calls that a purge. I call it accountability and long overdue, and frankly, the bare minimum. As usual, what the media levels as an accusation, I wear as an accomplishment,” Hegseth said. “You see, you can't change a culture with the same people who enabled it,” he said.
在讲话伊始,赫格塞斯为其削减五角大楼20%将军和海军上将职位的计划进行了辩护,认为这场大规模震荡在该部门早已迟到了。
“Personnel is policy at every single level.”The move will impact senior leadership positions across the Army, Navy and the Air Force, coming a year after Hegseth oversaw a 10 percent reduction of general officers.
“现在媒体称之为清洗。我称之为问责和迟到的正义,坦白说,这是最低限度。一如既往,媒体指责的罪名,我视为成就,”赫格塞斯说。“你看,
The move comes as he has already fired or pushed out more than two dozen senior military officers across the service branches, personnel changes that have unnerved congressional lawmakers on both sides of the aisle. “You see, last year's speech was not for those generals,” Hegseth said during the speech. “It was for you, the backbone of our force, the current and future leaders on the front lines.”