美国财政部周四向 CNBC 独家透露:已有超过 6000 万名 18 岁以下的美国儿童被自动注册到了“特朗普账户”(Trump Accounts)中。
More than 60 million American children under age 18 have been automatically enrolled in Trump Accounts the U.S. Department of the Treasury said Thursday in an announcement exclusively provided to CNBC.
财政部于周二提出了相关法规,计划从本周开始启动这一自动注册流程;据该部门称,截至周四,这一注册工作已经全部完成。
The Treasury proposed regulations on Tuesday to begin the auto-enrollment process for millions of children this week. By Thursday, the process had been completed, according to the agency.
“特朗普账户”(也称为 530A 账户)正式上线于 7 月 4 日,任何拥有美国社会安全号码(Social Security Number)的 18 岁以下儿童均可注册该账户。2025 年至 2028 年出生的儿童还可以通过这一试点项目获得财政部提供的 1000 美元的一次性补助金。
Trump Accounts, also known as 530A accounts, officially launched on July 4 and are open to any U.S. child under 18 with a Social Security number. Children born from 2025 through 2028 may also claim a one-time 1,000 pilot program contribution from the Treasury. "Millions of children have already enrolled in Trump Accounts. With automatic enrollment, over 60 million more eligible children now have an account ready to be claimed," Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said.
“已有数百万儿童注册了‘特朗普账户’;随着自动注册机制的推行,现在又有超过 6000 万名符合条件的儿童拥有了可以领取补助金的账户,”财政部部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)表示。
Trump administration starts sending $500 Obamacare refund checks — who benefits SEC proposes investor exam to expand private-market access — how it could work Social Security claiming ages may soon get new names.
特朗普政府正在开始向符合条件的家庭发放 500 美元的奥巴马医改(Obamacare)退款;同时,美国证券交易委员会(SEC)提议对投资者进行相关考试,以扩大私人市场的参与度……社会保障制度的领取年龄标准也可能很快发生变化。
根据财政部发布的临时法规,未来还允许向“特朗普账户”捐赠股票,这可能会促进大规模的私人捐赠行为。
What retirees need to know Trump Accounts have auto-enrolled more than 60 million children, Treasury says CNBC's Financial Advisor 100: Best financial advisors, top firms ranked CNBC Elite Advisors: Top ultra-high net worth wealth management firms for 2026 The Treasury will also allow stock donations to Trump Accounts which could boost "large-scale private giving," according to the temporary regulations published this week.
“富有的企业创始人及股东一直希望直接捐赠股票,因为这种方式可以规避因出售或赠送现金而产生的资本利得税,”金融咨询平台 Kitces.com 的认证财务规划师本·亨利-莫兰(Ben Henry-Moreland)解释道。
"Wealthy founders and shareholders have been pushing to donate stock directly" because it skirts the capital gains taxes triggered by selling and gifting cash, said Ben Henry-Moreland, a certified financial planner with advisor platform Kitces.com.
值得注意的是,此次更新允许“特朗普账户”持有捐赠的个股,这与之前仅允许持有多元化、低成本基金的指南有所不同。根据财政部的规定,捐赠的股票通常必须持有五年后才能出售。
Notably, the update allows Trump Accounts to hold donated individual stocks, a change from previous guidelines that only allowed diversified, low-cost funds. Donated stocks generally must be held for five years before being sold, according to the Treasury.
这一“特朗普账户”最新消息发布于中期选举前约一个月,当时共和党正努力捍卫其在众议院和参议院中的微弱多数优势。
The latest Trump Accounts news comes roughly one month before the midterm elections as Republicans fight to defend slim margins in the House and Senate.
以下是家长需要做的事情:仅自动注册不会触发1000美元的存款。根据周二发布的法规,如果孩子符合条件,家庭仍须主动选择接收政府的种子资金。
Here's what parents need to do Automatic enrollment alone will not trigger the $1,000 deposit. Families must still elect to receive the government's seed money if their children are eligible, according to the regulations published Tuesday.
“符合1000美元政府试点捐款资格的孩子不会自动收到这笔捐款,”亨利-莫兰德告诉CNBC。
"Kids who are eligible for the $1,000 government pilot contribution won't receive that contribution automatically," Henry-Moreland told CNBC.
根据财政部的说法,要认领账户,父母或监护人应下载相关应用并验证他们的身份和与孩子的关系,查看账户信息并接受账户条款。
To claim the account, parents or guardians should download the verify their identity and relationship to the child, review the account information and accept the account terms, according to the Treasury.
符合条件的儿童必须认领其账户,才能接收来自家庭成员、朋友和雇主的捐款,以及财政部的一次性1000美元种子捐款。
Eligible children must have their account claimed to enable contributions from family members, friends and employers, and to receive the Treasury Department's one-time $1,000 seed contribution.
其他特朗普账户资金也可能可用,具体取决于某些标准。科技公司CEO迈克尔·戴尔及其妻子苏珊承诺投入62.5亿美元,为2016年至2024年间出生、居住在家庭收入中位数为15万美元或以下的邮政编码区域的儿童提供额外250美元。这些资金专门面向低收入儿童。
Other Trump Account funds may also be available, depending on certain criteria. Tech CEO Michael Dell and his wife, Susan, committed $6.25 billion to provide an additional $250 for children born between 2016 and 2024 who live in ZIP codes where the median income is $150,000 or less. Those funds are specifically aimed toward lower-income children "The rulemaking essentially introduces the idea of auto accounts, created for every child under 18 with a Social Security number," said Madeline Brown, senior policy associate at the Urban Institute, a Washington-based think tank.
“该规则制定本质上引入了自动账户的概念,即为每个拥有社会安全号码的18岁以下儿童创建账户,”总部位于华盛顿的智库城市研究所高级政策助理玛德琳·布朗表示。“这意味着,即使儿童的账户尚未被激活,他们也不会错过慈善捐赠——如戴尔夫妇的捐款——以及这些捐赠产生的收益。”不过,她补充道:“这仍将要求家庭最终认领其子女的账户,而我们目前对该流程如何运作知之甚少。”
"This means that children won't miss out on philanthropic gifts, like money from the Dells, or growth on those gifts, even if an account has not been activated for them." However, "it will still require families to ultimately claim their children's accounts, and we don't have many details on how that process will go," she added.
据布朗介绍,由于特朗普账户此前要求家庭“主动加入”,广泛参与面临挑战,尤其是在低收入家庭中。
Because Trump Accounts previously required families to "opt in," widespread participation was challenging, particularly among lower-income households, according to Brown.
她表示:“拟议法规表明朝着自动注册迈出了重要一步,使账户设计更接近证据基础,从而提高参与率。考虑到目前在主动加入结构下看到的低参与率,这一转变尤为重要。”财政部长贝森特在众议院金融服务委员会听证会上表示,截至9月中旬,约有700万至800万美国儿童已注册特朗普账户。“父母的‘机会之窗’”全国性非营利组织Commonwealth的CEO蒂莫西·弗拉基表示,新的全国性自动注册政策,加上大量联邦和私人资金,创造了一个“机会之窗”。
"The proposed regulations indicate an important step towards automatic enrollment, bringing the design of the accounts closer to the evidence base to increase participation," she said. "This shift is particularly important given the low participation rates we have seen so far under the opt-in structure." As of mid-September, about 7 million to 8 million American children had been signed up for Trump Accounts, Bessent said at a hearing held by the House Financial Services Committee 'Window of opportunity' for parents The new national auto-enrollment policy, paired with significant federal and private funding, has created "a window of opportunity," said Timothy Flacke, CEO of the national nonprofit Commonwealth.
在自动注册条款实施之前,根据Commonwealth最近的报告,仅有5%的中低收入家庭开设了特朗普账户。Commonwealth的调查显示,在对近1,100名拥有10岁及以下子女的中低收入父母进行调查后发现,对税务影响、对公共福利的影响以及无法向新投资账户缴款的担忧是主要障碍。
Prior to the automatic sign-up provision, just 5% of low- and-moderate income families had opened a Trump Account, according to Commonwealth's recent report Commonwealth's survey, which polled nearly 1,100 low- and moderate-income parents of children ages 10 and under, found that concerns about tax implications, impact on public benefits, and an inability to contribute to the new investment accounts were key obstacles.
在Commonwealth的分析中,中低收入家庭是指年收入不超过8万美元的家庭,这一门槛低于去年87,460美元的家庭收入中位数,据人口普查局的最新数据。Commonwealth的调查于7月进行,误差范围为正负3%。
For Commonwealth's analysis, low- and moderate-income households are those earning up to $80,000 annually, a threshold below last year's median household income of $87,460, according to the Census Bureau's latest data The Commonwealth survey, which was fielded in July, had a margin of error of plus or minus 3%.
对于部分家庭而言,关于资格、缴款限额和取款限制的问题可能会阻碍其参与,卡托研究所(Cato Institute)税收政策研究主任亚当·米歇尔(Adam Michel)在6月9日的一份政策分析中指出,这“尤其适用于时间有限、金融素养较低或缺乏足够应急储蓄的家庭”。卡托研究所是一家位于华盛顿的自由意志主义智库。
For some families, questions about eligibility, contribution limits and withdrawal restrictions were likely to discourage participation, "particularly among households with limited time, low financial literacy, or insufficient outside savings for emergencies," according to a June 9 policy analysis by Adam Michel, director of tax policy studies at the Cato Institute, a Washington-based libertarian think tank.
他写道:“结果就是,这套体系主要被那些最有能力驾驭它的人所使用。”
"The result is a system used primarily by those best equipped to navigate it," he wrote.
坦普尔大学比斯利法学院低收入纳税人诊所的实践教授兼主任奥米德·菲罗齐(Omeed Firouzi)告诉CNBC,低收入者往往面临参与政府项目的障碍。
Lower earners often face barriers to government programs, Omeed Firouzi, a practice professor and director of the low-income taxpayer clinic at Temple University's Beasley School of Law, told CNBC.
他说,许多低收入家庭“没有时间和资源聘请他人来帮助他们处理所有这些事务”。
Many lower-income households "don't have time and resources to hire people to navigate all this stuff for them," he said.
家庭仍可能错失28.8亿美元。根据Commonwealth的研究,预计2025年至2028年间出生的美国各收入水平儿童中,约有1,440万人有资格获得1,000美元的联邦种子资金。其中,580万人来自中低收入家庭。
Families could still miss out on $2.88 billion Roughly 14.4 million children across income levels in the U.S. born between 2025 and 2028 are projected to qualify for the $1,000 federal seed funding, according to the research by Commonwealth. Of those, 5.8 million are from low- and moderate-income households.
根据联邦劳动所得税税收抵免的历史申领率,智库Commonwealth发现,估计有20%符合条件的婴儿可能无法领到他们1000美元的存款。
Based on historical take-up rates for the federal earned income tax credit, an estimated 20% of eligible babies may not claim their $1,000 deposit, Commonwealth found.
劳动所得税税收抵免(EITC)旨在通过减少应纳税额来支持中低收入家庭。由于这是一项可退税的税收抵免,符合条件的纳税人即使欠缴很少或根本不欠联邦所得税,也可能获得退税。
The earned income tax credit, or EITC, is designed to support low- and moderate-income families by reducing the amount of tax they owe. Because it is a refundable tax credit, eligible taxpayers may receive a refund even if they owe little or no federal income tax.
但根据天普大学(Temple University)的菲鲁齐(Firouzi)的说法,许多申报者没有申领该税收抵免,原因之一是其“规则复杂”,可能“限制多且繁琐”。美国国税局(IRS)今年早些时候表示,近五分之一符合条件的纳税人错过了EITC,而在申领者中,2024年申报季的平均退税额为2916美元。
But many filers don't claim it due to "complicated rules" that can be "restrictive and cumbersome," among other reasons, according to Temple University's Firouzi. Nearly 1 in 5 eligible taxpayers missed the EITC which averaged $2,916 for 2024 returns among those who claimed it, the IRS said earlier this year.
根据Commonwealth的分析,对于特朗普账户(Trump Accounts)而言,如果出现相似的申领率,在试点阶段,生活在中低收入家庭的儿童将面临约28.8亿美元联邦启动资金无人认领的风险。
For Trump Accounts, a similar take-up rate would amount to about $2.88 billion in federal seed dollars that children living on low and moderate incomes risk missing out on during the pilot phase, according to Commonwealth's analysis.
不过,Commonwealth的弗拉克(Flacke)表示,“这里的价值有一部分不仅仅在于金钱,”而是“知道这笔钱就在那里、看着它增长,以及随之而来的对某个金融未来的笃定感的力量。”在谷歌上的首选新闻来源,不错过任何来自最受信任的商业新闻品牌的精彩瞬间。
However, "part of the value here is not just the money," said Commonwealth's Flacke; it is "the power of knowing that money is there, watching it grow and carrying around the sense there is some financial future." Choose CNBC as your preferred source on Google and never miss a moment from the most trusted name in business news.