东京——在1月至6日期间，受中东冲突推高油价的影响，更多消费者转向电动车，汽油动力车型占全球新车销量的比例降至50%以下。
TOKYO -- Gasoline-powered models shrank to less than 50% of global new-vehicle sales in the January-June half as high oil prices triggered by conflict in the Middle East pushed more consumers toward electric vehicles.
汽油车销量（不包括混合动力车和其他电动化车型）同比下降10%，至2025万辆，占全球新车销量的比例下降3个百分点，降至49%。
Sales of gas-engine vehicles, excluding hybrids and other electrified models, fell 10% on the year to 20.25 million units.
这一占比在短短五年内从2021年的73%大幅下降至目前水平。据认为，这是自20世纪20年代汽车普及以来，该占比首次低于50%。数据来自Mobility Global（原S&P Global Mobility），不包括部分重型车辆。
Their share of global new-auto sales dropped 3 percentage points to 49%. The percentage has plunged in just five years from 73% in 2021. This is believed to be its first time below 50% since automobiles became widespread in the 1920s.
美国和以色列袭击伊朗后，油价飙升。汽油价格上涨以及燃料供应担忧显著削弱了全球对汽油车的需求。中国和欧洲的汽油车销量分别下降26%和13%。
The data comes from Mobility Global, formerly S&P Global Mobility, and excludes some heavy vehicles. Oil prices surged after the U.S. and Israel attacked Iran. The resulting higher gasoline prices and concerns over fuel supplies sharply cut into demand for gas vehicles worldwide.
电动车凭借运行成本较低的优势，成为汽油车销量下滑的主要受益者，销量增长12%，达到687万辆。电动车占全部新车销量的17%，上升了3个百分点，并超过通常被视为进入大众普及阶段临界点的16%门槛。
Sales fell 26% in China and 13% in Europe. EVs, whose lower operating costs are a strength, were the main beneficiary of the decline, with sales rising 12% to 6.87 million units.
中国占全球电动车销量的一半，但自1月起税收优惠减少后，销量下降3%，至344万辆。在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普政府取消激励措施后，北美电动车销量也下降了15%。
EVs accounted for 17% of all new-vehicle sales, up 3 points and above the 16% threshold often seen as a tipping point for mass adoption. China represented half of global EV sales, though sales there dipped 3% to 3.44 million units after tax incentives were reduced from January.
不过，电动车增长转而由其他市场推动。欧洲电动车销量增长32%，达到181万辆。据欧洲汽车制造商协会称，今年上半年，在欧洲31个主要国家中，电动车销量首次超过汽油车销量。
EV sales in North America also fell 15% following the rollback of incentives under U.S. President Donald Trump's administration. EV growth was driven instead by other markets, as sales in Europe rose 32% to 1.81 million units. EV sales overtook gasoline-vehicle sales on a half-year basis for the first time across 31 major European countries, according to the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association.
东南亚电动车销量猛增81%，达到35万辆；大洋洲电动车销量则翻倍有余，达到11万辆。
EV sales in Southeast Asia jumped 81% to 350,000 units, while those in Oceania more than doubled to 110,000 units.
根据国际能源署的数据，吉利和比亚迪等中国汽车制造商迅速扩大了出口，目前约占全球电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车总销量的60%。在美国、欧洲和中国以外的市场，售出的电动汽车和插电式混动汽车中有55%是从中国进口的。
Chinese automakers like Geely and BYD have rapidly expanded exports and account for around 60% of global sales of EVs and plug-in hybrids, according to the International Energy Agency. In markets outside the U.S., Europe and China, 55% of EVs and plug-ins sold were imported from China.
标普全球汽车（Mobility Global）预测，到2030年，电动汽车将占汽车总产量的30%以上。这将使它们成为主导动力系统，超越混合动力汽车以及包括柴油车在内的燃油车。卡尔·本茨于1886年在德国发明了第一辆汽油动力汽车。
Mobility Global forecasts that EVs will account for more than 30% of total vehicle production by 2030. This would make them the dominant powertrain, overtaking hybrids and engine-powered vehicles, which include diesel vehicles. Karl Benz invented the first gasoline-powered automobile in Germany in 1886.
自7月以来，电动汽车的全球份额继续上升。“由于补贴削减和其他因素，电动汽车的普及速度在（2024年前后）有所放缓，混合动力汽车则有所增长，但油价上涨让人重新认识到电动汽车较低的运营成本，目前销量正在再次增长，”标普全球汽车副总监河野佳明表示。
EVs' global share has continued to rise since July. "EV adoption slowed [around 2024] and hybrids grew due to subsidy cuts and other factors, but higher oil prices have renewed appreciation for EVs' lower operating costs, and sales are now growing again," said Yoshiaki Kawano, Mobility Global associate director.
电动汽车的普及速度仍然深受政府政策的影响。自去年秋季以来，由于美国削减补贴并放宽燃油经济性法规，需求急剧下降，导致本田汽车和通用汽车等车企修改了其电动汽车战略并录得巨额亏损。
The pace of EV adoption remains heavily influenced by government policy. Since last autumn, demand has fallen sharply after the U.S. cut subsidies and eased fuel economy regulations, causing such automakers as Honda Motor and General Motors to revise their EV strategies and book substantial losses.
不过，河野表示：“很少有电动汽车买家会转回购买燃油车或混合动力汽车，随着价格持续下跌，由真正的消费者需求而非补贴驱动的需求可能会进一步扩大。”
Still, "few EV buyers return to gasoline vehicles or hybrids, and as prices continue to fall, demand driven by genuine consumer needs rather than subsidies is likely to expand," Kawano said.
在押注混合动力汽车的日本汽车制造商中，电动汽车在销量中占比较小。混合动力汽车比燃油车具有更好的燃油经济性，即使在油价上涨的情况下也持续受到欢迎。今年上半年，全球混合动力汽车销量增长了10%，达到727万辆，占全球新车销量的18%。
EVs constitute a relatively small share of sales at Japanese automakers, which are betting on hybrid vehicles. Hybrids offer better fuel economy than gas vehicles and have continued gaining popularity even with higher fuel prices. Global hybrid sales rose 10% in the first half to 7.27 million units, accounting for 18% of global new-vehicle sales.