针对学校环境及招生制度的不满引发了法国各地的学生抗议活动，这些抗议还引发了与警方的冲突。这场骚乱不仅使教育问题成为选举焦点，也暴露出民众对于教育领域不平等现象的深层忧虑。
Student protests over school conditions and admissions have spread across France, triggering clashes with police. The unrest has turned education into an election flashpoint and exposed deeper anxieties about inequality in schools.
新学年开始仅数周，学生抗议便已蔓延至法国全境，导致数百所学校出现人员被捕、学生受伤以及教学秩序混乱的情况。最初的抗议活动始于巴黎地区，随后迅速演变为一场全国性运动，矛头直指学校环境恶劣、上课时间过长以及大学招生制度不合理等问题。周五当天，新的冲突、破坏行为及警方执法行动再度发生。
Student protests have spread across France just weeks after the new academic year began, bringing arrests, injuries and disruption at hundreds of schools. What began in the Paris region has quickly turned into a nationwide movement over conditions in schools, long days and the university admissions system, with Friday seeing fresh clashes, vandalism and police action.
随着法国总统选举临近，这场骚乱也演变为一个重要的政治议题。各候选人的立场大相径庭；总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙则公开谴责抗议中的暴力行为，并批评有人试图利用年轻抗议者来达到政治目的。
The unrest has also become a major political issue as France heads into a presidential election campaign. Candidates have taken sharply different positions, while President Emmanuel Macron has spoken out against protest violence and what he described as political manipulation of young demonstrators.
截至周五下午早些时候，法国教育部称共有560所学校受到抗议活动影响。本周以来的混乱场面仍在持续：校园内出现破坏行为与垃圾焚烧现象，青少年们公然挑衅、嘲弄警察，而警方则向人群发起冲击、发射催泪瓦斯并实施了更多逮捕。
By early afternoon on Friday, the education ministry said protests were affecting 560 schools. The scenes seen through the week continued, with vandalism, rubbish fires, teenagers confronting and taunting police, and officers charging crowds, firing tear gas and making more arrests.
街头抗议在法国社会由来已久：从1968年的学生运动，到2005年的郊区骚乱，再到2023年反对养老金改革的示威活动，均属此类。如今这些堵住校门、举着标语牌游行的学生们展现出极强的组织能力，他们甚至佩戴口罩与护目镜以防范催泪瓦斯的伤害。
Street protests have long been a part of public life in France, from the student movement of 1968 to suburban unrest in 2005 and the 2023 demonstrations against pension reforms. The students now blocking school gates and marching with placards have shown a high degree of organisation, including wearing masks and goggles to protect themselves from tear gas.
抗议活动上周首先在巴黎地区爆发，随后迅速蔓延至全国，甚至连一些小城镇也未能幸免。高中生们指出，学校资源匮乏、校舍破旧且师资力量不足。他们还抱怨每天早晨8点便开始上课实在过于辛苦，大学入学制度也过于复杂。本周，一些大学生也加入了抗议行列。
The protests first broke out last week in the Paris region and then spread rapidly across the country, including to smaller towns. High school students say schools are under-resourced, buildings are run down and staffing is inadequate. They also complain that school days, often beginning at 8 am, are too tiring and that the university entrance system is too complicated. Some university students also joined the protests this week.
尽管 Macron 政府本周提出的国家预算中，教育仍是最主要的支出项目之一，但抗议活动依然发生。政府已为明年的学校拨款655亿欧元（740亿美元），高于拟议的634亿欧元国防预算。
The protests have come despite education remaining one of the biggest items in the state budget proposed by Macron's government this week. It has set aside 65.5 billion euros (USD 74 billion) for schools next year, more than the proposed 63.4 billion euros for defence.
政府表示尊重和平抗议权，但也向警方发出书面命令，要求清理阻碍学校通行的示威活动，并迅速制止暴力和破坏行为。防暴警察大范围使用催泪瓦斯和警棍，并实施逮捕，以驱散人群。
The government has said it respects the right to peaceful protest, but it has also sent written orders to police to clear demonstrations that block access to schools and to stop violence and vandalism quickly. Riot police have widely used tear gas, used batons and made arrests to disperse crowds.
有人向警察和学校工作人员投掷 exploding fireworks 及其他可能致伤的抛射物。内政部表示，部分案件中还发生了投掷硫酸的行为。内政部称，那些意图进行破坏和抢劫的人混入了高中学生的运动，表现得像“罪犯和破坏者”，而并非“正当表达诉求的年轻人”。
Police and school staff have been targeted with explosive fireworks and other projectiles that can cause injury. The interior ministry said acid had been thrown in some cases. It also said people intent on destruction and looting had attached themselves to the high school students' movement and behaved like "criminals and vandals", not "young people legitimately voicing their demands".
内政部表示，周四警方共逮捕1900多人，305名警员受伤。骚乱持续至周五，并蔓延至邻国比利时。在列日发生暴力事件并有六人被捕的次日，当地约十二所学校停课。
Police made more than 1,900 arrests on Thursday, when 305 officers were injured, the interior ministry said. The unrest continued on Friday and also spread to neighbouring Belgium, where about a dozen schools closed in Liege a day after violence in the city and six arrests there.
这场抗议是在法国教育系统面临更广泛担忧的背景下发生的。人们担心，法国教育系统正落后于其他国家的教育体系，也未能帮助出身弱势背景的儿童实现社会阶层跃升。最新 PISA 报告显示，条件最优越与最弱势学生之间的表现差距正在扩大，而阅读理解和数学能力的总体得分则大幅下降。
The protests have unfolded against wider concerns about France's education system. There are fears that it is falling behind systems in other countries and failing to help children from disadvantaged backgrounds move up the social ladder. According to the latest PISA report, gaps in performance between the most advantaged and the most disadvantaged students are widening, while overall scores in reading comprehension and mathematics have fallen sharply.
政府曾于9月新学年开始时禁止高中生使用智能手机，称移除屏幕设备有助于改善学习。法国今年还成为欧盟首个禁止15岁以下儿童使用社交媒体平台的国家，但该国最高法院推翻了这项措施。
The government had banned smartphones from high schools at the start of the school year in September, saying removing screens would improve learning. France also became the first country in the European Union this year to ban social media platforms for children under 15, but the country's top court struck down that measure.
骚乱发生的时机使其在政治上格外敏感。计划于5月接替马克龙的竞选候选人们借机介入了这些示威，尽管宪法禁止马克龙竞选连续第三个任期，但他本人也加入了这场争论。
The timing of the unrest has made it especially sensitive politically. Candidates campaigning to succeed Macron in May have seized on the demonstrations, and although he is constitutionally barred from seeking a third consecutive term, Macron has also entered the debate.
极左翼候选人让-吕克·梅朗雄支持学生，并称警方行动是“野蛮行为”，具有镇压性质。一些示威者受伤，引发外界怀疑警方发射了防暴弹药。梅朗雄的批评者指责他领导的“不屈法国”党煽动暴力，并企图从抗议中谋取政治利益。
Far-left candidate Jean-Luc Melenchon has backed the students and described police action as "savagery" and repressive. Some protesters' injuries have led to suspicions that police fired crowd-control projectiles. Melenchon's critics have accused his France Unbowed party of fuelling violence and trying to gain politically from the protests.
极右翼领导人玛丽娜·勒庞呼吁扩大警方处置骚乱者的权限。保守派前总理爱德华·菲利普是勒庞竞选总统职位的主要竞争对手之一，他谴责那些“破坏物品、焚烧物品或袭击他人的人”。
Far-right leader Marine Le Pen has called for wider police powers against rioters. Conservative former prime minister Edouard Philippe, one of Le Pen's main challengers for the presidency, has condemned those who "break things, burn things, or assault people".
总而言之，法国学生抗议已从地方示威升级为一场涉及学校、警方和政界人士的全国性对抗。这场运动使学生关于校园条件和教育体系压力的诉求受到关注，尽管抗议周围的暴力事件也在选举活动期间进一步加剧了政治分歧。消息由PTI提供
In sum, France's student protests have escalated from local demonstrations into a nationwide confrontation involving schools, police and politicians. The movement has brought attention to students' complaints about school conditions and pressure in the education system, even as the violence around the protests has deepened political divisions during the election campaign. With PTI Inputs