巴西总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦（Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva）在周日激烈竞争的选举前三天将中国列为其关键矿产计划的可能合作伙伴。
Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva named China as a possible partner in his critical minerals plans, three days before Sunday’s closely fought election.
卢拉周四晚间对巴西最受关注的播客之一Flow表示，巴西应该停止出口原矿石。“我们想在巴西改造它们，”他在谈到矿产时说。
Lula told Flow, one of the country’s most-watched podcasts, on Thursday evening that Brazil should stop shipping out raw ore. “We want to transform them here in Brazil,” he said of the minerals.
当被问及中国是否符合他的计划时，卢拉说，中国可以成为“为我们带来技术”的合作伙伴，美国也可以。“[唐纳德]特朗普必须知道他照顾美国。我照顾巴西，”他说。
Asked whether China fit into his plans, Lula said it could be a partner “bringing technology to us”, as could the United States. “[Donald] Trump has to know that he takes care of the United States. I take care of Brazil,” he said.
巴西拥有仅次于中国的世界第二大稀土储量，华盛顿和北京都在寻求中国控制之外的供应。
Brazil holds the world’s second-largest rare earth reserves after China, and both Washington and Beijing are seeking supplies outside Chinese control.
他的主要竞争对手、参议员弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗（Flavio Bolsonaro）向特朗普政府示好，并将巴西定位为稀土领域“自由世界唯一真正替代中国的国家”。
His main rival, Senator Flavio Bolsonaro, has courted the Trump administration and pitched Brazil as “the only real alternative to China for the free world” in rare earths.
这位参议员五月在白宫会见了特朗普，并承诺在稀土问题上建立“长期战略伙伴关系”，两国将“共同实现再工业化”。
The senator met Trump at the White House in May and promised a “long-term strategic partnership” on rare earths, with “shared re-industrialisation” between the two countries.
卢拉接受了播客采访，而不是参加环球电视台的最后一场电视辩论，该电视台在播出前不到一小时取消了这场辩论。
Lula gave the podcast interview instead of attending TV Globo’s final televised debate, which the network cancelled less than an hour before airtime after a series of court rulings.
其中一位人士批准了卢拉联盟的请求，禁止Globo展示印有他名字的空讲台。博尔索纳罗随后以“审查制度”为由退出。
One granted a request from Lula’s coalition to bar Globo from showing an empty lectern bearing his name. Bolsonaro then withdrew, citing “censorship”.
Datafolha周四公布的一项民意调查显示，卢拉获得了45%的有效选票，博尔索纳罗获得了40%的有效选票，这表明10月晚些时候将举行决选。
A poll by Datafolha released on Thursday gave Lula 45 per cent of valid votes against 40 per cent for Bolsonaro, pointing to a run-off later in October.
两国的公司已经在戈亚斯州进行采矿，中国矿业公司CMOC于2016年收购了英美资源集团（Anglo American）的铝矿业务，成为全球第二大铝矿生产商。
Companies from both countries are already mining in Goias state, where Chinese miner CMOC bought Anglo American’s niobium operations in 2016 and became the world’s second-largest niobium producer.
4月，美国公司USA Rare Earth同意以约28亿美元收购在该州开采稀土的Serra Verde。
In April, American company USA Rare Earth agreed to buy Serra Verde, which mines rare earths in the same state, for about US$2.8 billion.
9月，卢拉签署了一项法律，成立了一个隶属于总统的委员会来指导该行业。它将审查外国在战略项目中的股份，并在2034年之前给予税收抵免处理。
In September, Lula signed a law creating a council attached to the presidency to steer the sector. It will review foreign stakes in strategic projects and grant tax credits for processing until 2034.
当被问及在巴伊亚州生产电动汽车的中国汽车制造商比亚迪时，卢拉将中国资本与西方投资并列。“我们在巴西有大量中国投资。我们有大量德国投资;我们有大量美国投资，”他说。
Asked about Chinese carmaker BYD, which builds electric vehicles in Bahia state, Lula placed Chinese capital alongside Western investment. “We have a lot of Chinese investment in Brazil. We have a lot of German investment; we have a lot of American investment,” he said.
“发生的事情是，中国人很大胆，”他补充道。在他看来，柏林墙倒塌后，欧洲转向前共产主义国家，而“总是有敌人”的美国则继续专注于战争。
“What happens is that the Chinese are bold,” he added. In his account, Europe turned to former communist states after the fall of the Berlin Wall, while the US, which “always has an enemy”, stayed focused on war.
“所以中国人抓住了这个机会，来到拉丁美洲和非洲投资。我们正在利用这一点，”他说。
“So the Chinese took the opportunity and came to invest in Latin America and Africa. And we are taking advantage of that,” he said.
卢拉的野心不仅限于矿产，还包括中国目前占据主导地位的商品。他问巴西是否会继续“依赖中国人生产电池”，并表示巴西将开始生产电池，以及芯片和手机。
Lula’s ambitions went beyond minerals to goods that China now dominates. He asked whether Brazil would go on “depending on the Chinese to make electric batteries” and said it would start making them, along with chips and phones.
卢拉还在与美国的贸易争端中援引了矿产品，美国在7月份对一系列巴西商品征收25%的关税。
Lula also invoked minerals in the trade dispute with the US, which imposed a 25 per cent tariff on a range of Brazilian goods in July.
他表示，他尚未使用允许报复的互惠法，并指出美国对巴西镍的依赖，巴西镍是一种用于钢合金和航空航天的金属。“他60%的稀土来自巴西，”他谈到特朗普时说道。
He said he had not yet used a reciprocity law allowing retaliation and pointed to US reliance on Brazilian niobium, a metal used in steel alloys and aerospace. “Sixty per cent of his niobium is from here in Brazil,” he said of Trump.
然而，华盛顿的最终关税令免除了铀矿和铁的关税，铁是大多数镍与稀土一起交易的合金。
Washington’s final tariff order, however, exempted niobium ores and ferroniobium, the alloy in which most niobium is traded along with rare earths.
卢拉表示，巴西没有“为特朗普哭泣”，而是去寻找其他买家。官方数据显示，前8个月对美国的出口下降了9.7%，而对中国的出口增长了15%。
Rather than “crying about Trump”, Lula said, Brazil had gone looking for other buyers. Official data show exports to the US fell 9.7 per cent in the first eight months, while shipments to China rose 15 per cent.
卢拉还表示，他与习近平、弗拉基米尔·普京和特朗普每人通了一个半小时的电话。他说，他告诉他们，联合国安理会常任理事国“没有为结束战争做任何该死的事情”。
Lula also said he had spent an hour and a half on the phone with each of Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin and Trump. He said he told them the permanent members of the UN Security Council were “not doing a damn thing to end wars”.
巴西和克里姆林宫的宣读将通话日期定为7月和8月。巴西利亚表示，与习近平的通话中提到了关键矿产以及中国与南方共同市场的贸易协议。
Brazilian and Kremlin readouts date the calls to July and August. Brasilia said critical minerals came up in the call with Xi, alongside a China-Mercosur trade deal. By Igor Patrick