纽约讯——上月一份详尽的诉状披露了康奈尔大学一起涉嫌轮奸案，引发美国舆论对校园性暴力及高校未能根除此类行为的愤怒。
NEW YORK - An alleged gang rape at Cornell University, detailed in a graphic lawsuit last month, has provoked fury in the United States over sexual violence on campuses and colleges’ failure to stamp out the behaviour.
原告称，2024年她被人下了氯胺酮，随后遭七名Chi Phi兄弟会成员性侵和强奸。该兄弟会是一个男性学生的社交组织。
The accuser has said that in 2024 she was drugged with ketamine, assaulted and raped by seven members of the Chi Phi fraternity, a social club for male students.
活动人士指出，她的指控发生在所谓的“红色警戒区”内，即学年初的一段时期，在此期间发生大比例性侵案件，往往源于毒品和酒精助兴的派对。
Her allegations fell within what activists call the “red zone”, a period at the start of the academic year when a large share of assaults happen, often at parties fuelled by drugs and alcohol.
根据美国大学协会2020年的一项研究，估计有四分之一的女大学生和十四分之一的男大学生在本科阶段曾经历过强奸或性侵。
An estimated one in four female students and one in 14 male students experience rape or sexual assault at some point during their undergraduate studies, according to a 2020 study by the Association of American Universities.
心理健康非营利组织Jed Foundation报告称，兄弟会成员——这些组织常因包庇性别歧视而受批评——更有可能实施性暴力。
Mental health non-profit the Jed Foundation has reported that men in fraternities – which are routinely criticised for shielding sexism – are more likely to commit sexual violence.
康奈尔案中的被指控学生均为Chi Phi兄弟会成员，该会是美国高校常见的多个“希腊字母社团”组织之一。
The accused students in the Cornell case were members of the Chi Phi fraternity, one of several “Greek life” organisations common across US colleges.
与此同时，原告属于一个女子学生联谊会。统计显示，联谊会成员比非成员更容易遭受性侵。
Meanwhile, the accuser was part of a sorority for female students. Sorority members are statistically more likely than their non-affiliated peers to suffer sexual assault.
关于同意权俄勒冈大学心理学教授Jennifer Freyd认为，康奈尔案及这所常春藤名校的反应“极具代表性，与其他大学如出一辙”。
Consent For Jennifer Freyd, a psychology professor at the University of Oregon, the Cornell case and the Ivy League college’s response are “so typical of other universities”.
2024年指控初现后，康奈尔大学关闭了该兄弟会，并暂时停学了涉案学生，其中数人后来被开除。
Following the initial allegations in 2024, Cornell closed the fraternity and temporarily suspended the students allegedly involved, several of whom were later expelled.
与此同时，检察官拒绝起诉，理由是受害者的警方证词未能确立“缺乏同意”的事实。
Meanwhile, the district attorney declined to prosecute because he said the victim’s police testimony did not establish a lack of consent.
在原告提起民事诉讼、引发舆论指责检方和这所精英学府未能让涉案男子承担责任后，调查重启。
The investigation was reopened after the complainant’s civil lawsuit fuelled allegations that prosecutors and the elite college had failed to hold the men accountable.
观察人士指出，像开除学籍这样的严厉惩罚很少适用于兄弟会成员，因为他们往往与精英网络有联系，且是大学的重要收入来源。
Observers have noted that severe punishments like full expulsions are rare for fraternity members as they are often connected to elite networks and represent a key source of revenue for universities.
弗雷德补充说，机构应采取更广泛的做法，尊重举报人站出来指控时的勇气。
Freyd added that there should be a wider institutional approach of respecting whistleblowers when they come forward with accusations.
“这并不意味着在未经调查的情况下就轻信他们，而是意味着认真对待，并承认其中所需的勇气，”她说。
“That doesn’t mean they believe them without investigation, but it means that they take it seriously, and that they acknowledge the bravery involved,” she said.
性教育 康奈尔案件的另一个挑战是一项法律条款，该条款规定如果指控者是自愿醉酒，则在纽约州和其他几个美国州起诉强奸案件会更加困难。
Sex education A further challenge in the Cornell case is a legal provision that makes it harder to prosecute rape cases in New York and several other US states if accusers were willingly intoxicated.
针对日益增长的公众愤怒，纽约州州长凯西·霍楚誓言将与立法者合作堵塞这一漏洞。“自愿醉酒不是性侵犯或轮奸的许可证。绝无例外，”霍楚说。
In response to growing public anger, New York Governor Kathy Hochul has vowed to work with lawmakers to close that loophole. “Voluntary intoxication is not a licence for sexual assault or gang rape. Period,” Hochul said.
这位民主党人还任命了与唐纳德·特朗普总统交过锋的总检察长莱蒂蒂亚·詹姆斯为康奈尔案件的特别检察官。
The Democrat has also appointed Attorney General Letitia James, who has battled with President Donald Trump, as a special prosecutor for the Cornell case.
全国妇女法律中心的希瓦利·帕特尔表示，她支持堵塞法律漏洞，并补充说更好的性教育也至关重要。
Shiwali Patel, of the National Women’s Law Center, said she backed closing the legal loophole and added that better sex education is also crucial.
“预防最有效的方法之一是从小提供适合年龄发展阶段的全面性教育，其中包括谈论同意权，”帕特尔说。
“One of the most effective ways of prevention is to have comprehensive sex education that is age developmentally appropriate from a young age, that includes talking about consent,” Patel said.
“但我们没有看到这些变革得到落实，因此这一问题反复发生。” 法新社
“But we are not seeing these changes being implemented, and so this issue is happening over and over again.”AFP