巴西总统大选的热门候选人正在圣保罗州展开竞选活动。作为巴西最重要的州之一，该州集中了全国五分之一的选民，周日的大选即将在此举行。
Front-runners in Brazil’s presidential race are campaigning in the eve of Sunday’s election in the powerhouse state where a fifth of the nation’s vote is based.
毛里西奥·萨瓦雷塞、埃莱奥诺尔·休斯 圣保罗报道——周六，巴西总统大选的热门候选人在圣保罗州展开竞选。这个州拥有全国五分之一的选民，各候选人试图在周日大选前夕争取更多支持者并说服那些尚未决定投票意向的民众。谋求连任的现任总统卢拉在圣保罗市举行了传统的选前游行。反对党候选人弗拉维奥·博索纳罗——前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗之子——则前往圣巴巴拉-杜韦斯特和阿梅里卡纳等内陆城市拉票。
MAURICIO SAVARESE, ELÉONORE HUGHES SAO PAULO — Front-runners in Brazil‘s presidential race campaigned Saturday in the powerhouse state of Sao Paulo, where a fifth of the nation’s vote is based, seeking to rally supporters and convince the undecided on the eve of Sunday’s election President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva seeking his fourth nonconsecutive term, held his traditional preelection Saturday parade in the metropolis of Sao Paulo Opposition candidate Sen. Flávio Bolsonaro the son of former President Jair Bolsonaro, traveled to the countryside cities of Santa Barbara d’Oeste and Americana.
圣保罗州是巴西最重要的州，拥有4600万人口，年度国内生产总值高达3.4万亿巴西雷亚尔（约合6500亿美元），这一数值与阿根廷的GDP水平相当。约有3400万在圣保罗州出生的人具备投票资格，他们被称为“圣保罗人”。
Sao Paulo is Brazil’s heavyweight state, with 46 million residents and an annual gross domestic product of 3.4 trillion Brazilian reais ($650 billion). Argentina has around the same. Some 34 million “paulistas,” as those born in the state are known, are eligible to vote.
卢拉在圣保罗市主干道保利斯塔大道旁对支持者表示，此次大选关乎国家未来的存亡。“一边是民主与主权，另一边则是野蛮与腐败，”卢拉说道，这正契合了他竞选活动的核心主题。
Lula told his supporters near Paulista Avenue, Sao Paulo’s main artery, that this election represents an existential battle for the nation’s future. “On one side, we have democracy and sovereignty; on the other, barbarism and corruption,” Lula said, echoing key themes of his campaign.
去年，巴西最高法院以发动政变罪判处雅伊尔·博索纳罗27年监禁，该罪名源于他在2022年大选中败给卢拉后的行为。观察人士指出，如果其子弗拉维奥赢得大选，雅伊尔·博索纳罗很可能获释出狱。
Last year, Brazil’s Supreme Court sentenced Jair Bolsonaro to 27 years in prison for attempting a coup after his 2022 electoral defeat to Lula. Observers say he would likely be released from prison if his son wins the election.
卢拉团队也多次将弗拉维奥·博索纳罗描绘成对巴西主权的威胁，理由是他与美国总统特朗普关系密切。去年，因雅伊尔·博索纳罗遭起诉，特朗普以所谓“政治迫害”为由对巴西进口商品加征50%的关税。“巴西是一个保守的国家。”
Lula’s team has also repeatedly cast Flávio Bolsonaro as a threat to Brazil’s sovereignty, pointing to his proximity with U.S. President Donald Trump. Last year, the American leader imposed a 50% tariff on Brazilian imports due to Jair Bolsonaro’s trial, which Trump called a “witch hunt.”‘Brazil is a conservative country’
32岁的达妮埃拉·费尔南德斯在圣保罗的一所公立学校担任秘书。她表示，起初她希望由其他劳工党成员来参选，而不是卢拉。但在竞选期间，她的想法发生了转变。
Thirty-two-year-old Daniella Fernandes, who works at a public school in Sao Paulo as a secretary, said that, at first, she wanted another Workers’ Party politician to run instead of Lula. But she changed her mind during the campaign.
“我确实希望有所变革，但只有卢拉能够赢得所有人的支持——包括那些并非左翼阵营的人。”身穿白色衬衫、胸前别着多个卢拉徽章的费尔南德斯说道，“博索纳罗家族的影响力依然强大，巴西是个保守的国家。只有卢拉能赢得这次选举。”
“I wanted some renovation, but Lula is the only one who can appeal to everyone — even those who are not on the left,” said Fernandes, who was wearing several Lula badges on her white shirt. “The Bolsonaros are still strong, Brazil is a conservative country. Only Lula can win this one.”
在距离卢拉约140公里外的圣保罗市中心，弗拉维奥·博索纳罗乘坐音响车从圣巴巴拉-杜奥埃斯特出发前往阿梅里卡纳。沿途，一大群身着黄绿色服饰的支持者骑着摩托车紧随其后。
Some 140 kilometers away (87 miles) from Lula in downtown Sao Paulo, Flávio Bolsonaro was trailed by a long line of supporters kitted out in yellow and green on motorbikes as he made his way on top of a sound truck from Santa Barbara d’Oeste to Americana.
“我坚信我们能在第一轮投票中获胜，”博索纳罗参议员说道。此时人群高呼“传奇”，他则亲吻了父亲的画像。在葡萄牙语中，“传奇”一词常被博索纳罗的支持者用来称呼贾尔·博索纳罗。
“I’m convinced that we can win in the first round,” said Sen. Bolsonaro, who kissed a portrait of his father as the crowd shouted “mito” — a Portuguese word for “legend” that Jair Bolsonaro’s supporters use to refer to him.
“所以，大家都要走出家门去投票……因为博索纳罗一定会成为总统，”弗拉维奥·博索纳罗说道。
“So let’s get out of our houses to vote (...) because Bolsonaro is going to be president,” Flávio Bolsonaro said.
随同弗拉维奥·博索纳罗的还有圣保罗州州长塔西西奥·德弗雷塔斯。此前，德弗雷塔斯曾被视作贾尔·博索纳罗的政治接班人；去年12月，弗拉维奥才宣布父亲已选定他作为本次大选的候选人。
Bolsonaro was accompanied by Sao Paulo state Gov. Tarcísio de Freitas, who was once floated as Bolsonaro senior’s political heir, before Flávio Bolsonaro last December said his father had chosen him to run in the upcoming election.
周日，巴西民众还将选出州及联邦议员、各州州长以及部分参议员。在圣保罗州，德弗雷塔斯正在寻求连任。其主要竞争对手是费尔南多·哈达德——正是他在2018年大选中败给了贾尔·博索纳罗，后者由此成为总统；哈达德此前还担任过卢拉的财政部长。目前，德弗雷塔斯在民调中遥遥领先。
Brazilians on Sunday will also choose state and federal representatives as well as governors and some senators. In Sao Paulo, de Freitas is running for re-election. The main opposition candidate in that race is Fernando Haddad, who Jair Bolsonaro beat in 2018 to become president and who served as Lula’s finance minister De Freitas has a wide lead in the polls. Conflicting visions Twelve candidates are on the presidential ballot, but only Lula and Bolsonaro are thought to have a real chance of becoming Brazil’s next head of state.
截然不同的愿景本次总统选举共有12名候选人，但外界普遍认为只有卢拉与博索纳罗真正具备胜选可能。若无人获得超过50%的选票，得票率最高的两位候选人将于10月25日进行第二轮投票。
If no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote, the top 2 will advance to a runoff on Oct. 25.
这两人代表了政治光谱上的对立面，在如何应对有组织犯罪、以及这个拉丁美洲最大国家该与特朗普政府保持何种关系等问题上，他们的观点截然相反。
The two represent opposite sides of the political spectrum, with conflicting visions on issues ranging from how to tackle organized crime to the relationship Latin America’s biggest country should have with the Trump administration.
卢拉最初是一名工会工人，19岁时在工厂里发生事故导致小指缺失。他有时能赢得民众如狂热崇拜般的拥戴。
Lula, who got his start as a union worker and has a missing pinky finger following an accident in a factory when he was 19, has at times inspired cult-like devotion.
他曾因腐败罪名入狱一年多，后来这些判决被撤销。2022年，他第三次当选总统，且各任期之间均存在间隔。
He spent more than a year in prison on corruption convictions that were later annulled before winning a third nonconsecutive term in 2022.
他承诺要让巴西民众切实从本国丰富的稀有矿产与自然资源中获益，保护亚马逊雨林，并继续推行其标志性福利计划“家庭补助金”。博索纳罗则基本继承了父亲的极端保守政治主张，不过有时也会采取较为温和的沟通方式以吸引中间派选民。
He has promised to ensure Brazilians are the ones to benefit from the country’s rare minerals and resources, protect the Amazon rainforest and continue his flagship welfare program Bolsa Familia Bolsonaro has largely embraced his father’s ultra-conservative agenda, while at times trying to strike a more moderate communication style to attract centrist voters.
强硬的安全政策是他竞选纲领的核心内容，民调显示这些举措深受巴西民众欢迎。这位参议员承诺要效仿特朗普政府，将跨国犯罪团伙定性为恐怖组织，同时把可被视为成年人接受审判的年龄下限降至16岁；此外他还要修建类似萨尔瓦多模式的大型监狱，以此打击国内的犯罪集团。
His hardline security policies have been a pillar of his campaign, and polls show these proposals are popular among Brazilians. The senator has pledged to fight the country’s criminal groups by building El Salvador-style megaprisons following the Trump administration’s lead by designating transnational gangs terrorist organizations and reducing the age to be tried as an adult to 16.