诺贝尔委员会于周一宣布了本年度的首批获奖者，将生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，委员会称他们“为神经科学的新时代奠定了基础”。这一消息拉开了本周一系列声誉卓著的奖项公布的序幕。这些奖项每年 10 月颁发给在物理学、化学、生理学或医学、文学、和平以及经济学六个领域做出杰出贡献的个人或团体。
The Nobel committees announced the year’s first winners on Monday, awarding the prize for physiology or medicine to a trio of scientists who the committees said have “laid the foundation of a new era in neuroscience.”The news kicks off a week of announcements for the prestigious prizes, which are awarded each October to individuals or groups for outstanding contributions across six fields: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, peace, and economic sciences.
委员会将在每个工作日继续公布一个类别的获奖者，直到最后一位得主揭晓。物理学奖将于周二公布；化学奖于周三；文学奖于周四；和平奖于周五；经济学奖则于下周一（10 月 12 日）公布。
The committee will continue revealing the winner or winners of one category every weekday until the final laureate is announced. The physics award will be given on Tuesday; chemistry on Wednesday; literature on Thursday; peace on Friday; and economic sciences next Monday, Oct. 12.
获奖者将在 12 月于斯德哥尔摩和奥斯陆举行的颁奖典礼上获得一份文凭、一枚奖牌以及 1200 万瑞典克朗（约合 120 万美元）。
Winners will receive a diploma, a medal, and 12 million Swedish kroner—the equivalent of roughly $1.2 million—during the award ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo in December.
诺贝尔委员会表示，备受关注的和平奖将从今年被提名的 287 名候选人中产生。
The peace prize, often the most closely watched of the awards, will be given to one of 287 candidates who were nominated this year, the Nobel committee said.
去年，该荣誉被授予委内瑞拉反对派领导人玛丽亚·科里娜·马查多（María Corina Machado），以表彰她近 25 年来为反抗独裁和促进该国民主所做的工作。今年 1 月，美国在一次军事突袭中驱逐委内瑞拉前总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗后，马查多随即将她的奖牌赠予了长期以来一直渴望并公开竞逐该奖项的唐纳德·特朗普总统。
Last year, the honor was awarded to Venezuelan opposition leader María Corina Machado to honor her work fighting against dictatorship and promoting democracy in her country for nearly 25 years. Machado later gave her medal to President Donald Trump, who has long coveted and publicly campaigned for the prize, after the U.S. ousted former Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro in a military raid in January.