10月9日——周五，就在国际刑事法院的一名前法官荣获诺贝尔和平奖数小时后，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普政府对该法院实施制裁，此举使得美国与欧洲盟友陷入外交对立局面。
Oct 9 - US President Donald Trump's administration imposed sanctions on the International Criminal Court on Friday, hours after one of its former judges won the Nobel Peace Prize, putting Washington on a diplomatic collision course with European allies.
特朗普政府长期以来一直对该法院持敌对态度，此前也曾对法院的检察官和法官实施过制裁。而此次举措的力度更大：美国可能对为该法院提供服务的企业实施惩罚。
The Trump administration has long been hostile to the court and has previously imposed sanctions on its prosecutors and judges. Friday's move would go far further, by potentially punishing companies that provide services to the court itself.
“特朗普总统绝不会允许国际刑事法院起诉美国人，”美国国务卿马可·鲁比奥在路透社提前审阅的一份声明中说道。
"President Trump will never allow the International Criminal Court to prosecute Americans," Secretary of State Marco Rubio said in a statement reviewed by Reuters ahead of the official announcement.
“正因如此，今天美国决定对国际刑事法院实施制裁。我们将禁止与这个‘非法’法院进行任何交易，切断其资金来源，削弱其运作能力。”长期以来，美国一直对国际刑事法院针对以色列官员（包括总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡）发出的逮捕令感到不满；此外，该法院曾对美军在阿富汗的行为展开调查，后来虽终止了调查，但这一举动也引发了美国的强烈不满。
"That is why, today, the United States is sanctioning the International Criminal Court. We will ban transactions with this rogue court, cutting off their resources and crippling its ability to operate." Washington has long been angry over ICC arrest warrants issued for Israeli officials including Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and over a past investigation into actions of US soldiers in Afghanistan which the ICC has since closed.
国际刑事法院成立于2002年，旨在起诉战争罪、危害人类罪及种族灭绝罪。目前共有125个成员国，包括所有欧盟国家以及除美国和土耳其外的所有北约成员国。
The court, founded in 2002 to prosecute war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, counts 125 countries as member states, including all EU countries and all members of the NATO alliance apart from the United States and Turkey.
过去，包括美国主要盟友在内的众多成员国都曾公开支持该法院；法院总部设在荷兰，该国既是欧盟成员国也是北约成员国。
It has received strong public backing in the past from member countries including major US allies, and is based in the Netherlands, an EU and NATO member.
周五因在国际刑事司法领域作出卓越贡献而荣获诺贝尔和平奖的南非法学家纳维·皮莱，曾在2003年至2008年间担任国际刑事法院上诉分庭的法官。诺贝尔委员会在颁奖词中指出，在“国际法法官及相关机构正遭受政治攻击”的当下，此次颁奖意在“起到警示作用”。
Navi Pillay, the South African jurist who won the Nobel Peace Prize on Friday for her work in international criminal justice, served as a judge on the ICC's Appeals Chamber from 2003-2008. In its citation, the prize committee said it had sought to "issue a reminder" at a time when "judges and institutions of international law are under political attack".
委员会表示：“一个能让战争罪犯受到问责、虐待受害者得到正义的国际法律体系，是和平世界的前提条件。”
"An international legal system in which war criminals are held to account and the victims of abuse see justice served is a precondition for a peaceful world," the committee said.
鲁比奥称，这些制裁措施的设计旨在给予该法院及其成员国解决美国关切的机会。
Rubio said the sanctions had been structured to give the court and its member states an opportunity to address US concerns.
他未提供更多细节，但一名美国国务院高级官员表示，美国财政部将发布一系列许可证，“以保护美国利益”，这明显指的是对部分制裁的临时豁免。
He did not provide further details, but a senior State Department official said the US Treasury would issue a set of licenses "to protect American interests", an apparent reference to temporary exemptions to some sanctions.
美国期望盟友“约束该法院”。美国的制裁通常禁止所有美国公司与被制裁组织进行任何合作，迫使银行关闭账户、保险公司终止保障、软件公司停止合作。
US EXPECTS ALLIES TO 'REIN IN THE COURT' US sanctions typically bar all US-based companies from any work with a sanctioned organization, forcing banks to shut accounts, insurers to end coverage and software companies to halt cooperation.
特朗普政府此前在其首个任期内曾对该法院官员实施过针对性制裁，但这些制裁在乔·拜登总统任内被撤销。2025年1月特朗普重返白宫仅几天后，华盛顿便宣布了新的制裁。
The Trump administration previously imposed targeted sanctions on court officials during his first term, which were rescinded under President Joe Biden. Washington announced new sanctions just days after Trump returned to office in January 2025.
该法院官员数月来一直在为法院本身可能受到制裁的可能性做准备，包括将办公室的电脑从微软软件更换为开源替代方案，并重新安排银行和医疗保险事宜。
Court officials have been preparing for months for the prospect of sanctions on the court itself, shifting office computers from Microsoft software to open source equivalents and making new arrangements for banking and health insurance.
本周早些时候，该法院书记官奥斯瓦尔多·萨瓦拉·吉勒呼吁欧盟准备好使用所谓的“阻断机制”，以使其能够保护欧洲国家免受制裁的域外影响。
The court's registrar Osvaldo Zavala Giler called earlier this week for the EU to be prepared to use a so-called "blocking mechanism" that lets it shield European countries from the extra-territorial effects of sanctions.
鲁比奥在声明中表示，美国曾推迟实施制裁，希望国际刑事法院（ICC）及其创始文件《罗马规约》的缔约国能够解决美国的关切，但它们未能做到。
In his statement, Rubio said the United States had delayed its sanctions hoping that the ICC and the countries party to its founding Rome Statute would address US concerns, but they had failed to do so.
鲁比奥说：“要么国际刑事法院停止其威胁，要么我们将终结国际刑事法院。我们期望我们的盟友——其中许多都是国际刑事法院的成员国，并依赖美国军人提供国防——能够约束该法院。”
"Either the ICC will end its threats, or we will end the ICC. We expect our allies, many of whom are part of the ICC and that rely on American servicemembers for their defense, to rein in the court," Rubio said.
我们将此次行动安排成这样一种形式，为各缔约国提供机会，使其能够进行协商，并提出解决方案以回应我们的关切。如果这些努力未能取得成果，我们将继续相应调整，”鲁比奥说道。
"We have structured this action to provide an opportunity for States Parties to negotiate and present a solution to address our concerns. If these efforts do not bear fruit, we will continue to adjust accordingly," Rubio said.