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关于阿尔伯塔省10月19日公投中10个问题的所有必知信息Everything you need to know about the 10 questions in Alberta's Oct. 19 referendum

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时钟正在倒计时,阿尔berta省将就10个问题举行全省范围内的公投,投票将于10月19日星期一上午9点开始。

The clock is ticking down to Alberta's province-wide referendum on 10 questions, with polls set to open at 9 a.m. on Monday, Oct. 19.

其中5个问题与移民有关,而另外4个问题涉及宪法修改——这些都是"是"或"否"的问题。

Five of those questions are related to immigration, while four propose constitutional changes — each of these are "yes" or "no" questions.

最后一个问题涉及阿尔berta省独立的未来。 voters将被要求在两个选项中选择其中之一:省份留在加拿大,或举行第二次具有约束力的脱离该国的公投。

The final question has to do with the future of Alberta independence. Voters will be asked to choose only one of two options: for the province to stay in Canada, or to hold a second binding referendum on separating from the country.

CBC新闻在投票前广泛报道了这些问题,以帮助选民准备填写10张选票。滚动浏览以下公投问题,并点击链接获取对每个问题的深入分析。

CBC News has reported extensively on the questions to help voters prepare before marking the 10 ballots. Scroll through the referendum questions below and click on the links for in-depth analyses of each of the questions.

问题1"您是否支持阿尔berta省政府增加对移民的控制,以降低移民至更可持续的水平,优先考虑经济移民,并优先为Albert人提供新的就业机会?"第一个移民问题建议阿尔berta省对移民采取更多的控制权这个问题的核心是联邦政府与省级政府之间在移民控制上的权力斗争。在我们的分析中,我们逐步解析了该问题的措辞,并探讨了导致提出该特定问题的复杂历史背景。

Question 1 "Do you support the government of Alberta taking increased control over immigration for the purposes of decreasing immigration to more sustainable levels, prioritizing economic migration and giving Albertans first priority on new employment opportunities?" The first immigration question suggests Alberta take more control over immigration At the heart of this question is a tug of war between federal and provincial control over immigration. In our analysis, we break down the wording of the question step-by-step and explore the complex history that has led to this particular question.

“您是否支持艾伯塔省政府出台相关法律,规定只有加拿大公民、永久居民以及拥有艾伯塔省认可的移民身份的人士,才有资格享受由省政府资助的各项服务,如医疗保健、教育及其他社会服务?” 那些不具备“艾伯塔省认可”身份的临时居民将失去享受公共医疗与教育服务的资格。这一问题实际上意味着要完全剥夺某些非永久居民的公共医疗、教育及其他社会服务获取权——除非他们的移民身份获得该省的认可。

"Do you support the government of Alberta introducing a law mandating that only Canadian citizens, permanent residents and individuals with an Alberta-approved immigration status will be eligible for provincially-funded programs, such as health care, education and other social services?" Temporary residents who are not 'Alberta-approved' lose eligibility to public health and education This question suggests denying certain non-permanent residents public health care, education and other social services altogether — that is, unless the province approves their immigration status.

我们将在文中探讨这一问题以及第3、第4个问题之间的关联性,以及它们可能如何改变该省对待临时居民获取各项服务的方式。

Our story explores how this question, and questions 3 and 4, are interconnected and could re-shape how the province approaches temporary residents' access to services.

“假设所有加拿大公民与永久居民仍能像现在一样享有各项社会援助项目,那么您是否支持艾伯塔省政府出台法律,要求所有持有非永久移民身份的人士必须在艾伯塔省居住满12个月之后,才有资格申请任何由省政府资助的社会援助项目?” 非永久居民需等待至少12个月才能享受社会服务。该问题旨在询问:持有临时居留许可的人士是否需要在抵达艾伯塔省满一整年之后,才有资格申请各类社会援助项目,但此规定并不适用于医疗与教育等公共服务。

"Assuming that all Canadian citizens and permanent residents continue to qualify for social support programs as they do now, do you support the government of Alberta introducing a law requiring all individuals with a non-permanent legal immigration status to reside in Alberta for at least 12 months before qualifying for any provincially-funded social support programs?" Non-permanent residents wait at least 12 months to access social services This question asks whether people who hold temporary permits should have to wait at least one complete year after arriving in Alberta before becoming eligible for social services, but not including public services like health care and education.

“假设所有加拿大公民及永久居民仍能像现在一样享有公共医疗与教育服务,您是否支持阿尔伯塔省政府向居住在当地的非永久移民身份人士收取合理费用或溢价,作为其本人及家人使用公共医疗与教育服务的代价?”目前,阿尔伯塔省已开始向临时居民收取公共医疗与教育服务费用。该省政府提议向非永久居民征收相应费用或溢价以获取这些服务;省方表示具体收费数额将在公投结果确定后决定。

"Assuming that all Canadian citizens and permanent residents continue to qualify for public health care and education as they do now, do you support the government of Alberta charging a reasonable fee or premium to individuals with a non-permanent immigration status living in Alberta for their and their family's use of the health care and education systems?" Alberta charges temporary residents for public health care and education The Alberta government suggests charging non-permanent residents a fee or premium for access to public health care and education. The amount of the premium or fee would be decided after the vote, the province said.

近期,省长丹妮尔·史密斯提出向临时居民收取1,900加元的费用以换取医疗服务,这一数额与英国所收取的类似费用水平相当。

Premier Danielle Smith recently floated a $1,900 fee for temporary residents' access to health care, similar to a premium charged by the United Kingdom.

“您是否支持阿尔伯塔省政府立法规定:凡欲参与省级选举投票者,必须出示护照、出生证明或公民身份证明等文件以证实其公民身份?”此次公投还涉及投票资格问题。若该提案获得通过,该省将制定更为明确的投票规则,要求选民必须提供公民身份证明方可参与投票。我们将深入探究这一提案背后的动机、选民欺诈现象是否普遍存在,以及若提案通过哪些群体将受到最大影响。

"Do you support the government of Alberta introducing a law requiring individuals to provide proof of citizenship, such as a passport, birth certificate or citizenship card, to vote in an Alberta provincial election?" Alberta referendum pitches proof of citizenship at the polls The province suggests if this question is adopted it will develop "clearer voting rules" that require individuals to show proof of citizenship to vote in a provincial election. Our examination explores the underlying motivation behind this question, whether voter fraud is a widespread problem and which groups may be impacted most in the case of a "yes" vote.

卡尔加里眼镜台:卡尔加里居民阅读并反应10个公投问题"你是否支持阿尔berta政府与其他愿意合作的省份政府一起修宪,使得省级政府(而非联邦政府)来选择指定给省级皇家法庭和上诉法庭的法官?"省府提议获得选举自己法官的权力,针对某些法院通过这个问题,阿尔berta正提议一项宪法变更,这将改写自1867年联邦组建以来的安排。

Calgary Eyeopener Calgarians read and react to the 10 referendum questions "Do you support the government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to have provincial governments, and not the federal government, select the justices appointed to provincial King's Bench and Appeal courts?" Province pitches gaining power to elect its own judges for certain courts With this question, Alberta is proposing a constitutional change that would rewrite an arrangement that dates back to Confederation in 1867.

我们的报道探讨了阿尔berta目前在任命法官方面所扮演的角色,以及该省争取控制司法任命的努力,这一努力早在公投之前就已开始。"你是否支持阿尔berta政府与其他愿意合作的省份政府一起修宪,以废除未经选举产生的联邦参议院?"修宪以废除联邦参议院阿尔berta政府长期以来对联邦参议院表达了失望情绪,这份公投问题提议彻底废除整个机构。

Our story explores the role Alberta has in appointing judges today and the province's push to secure control over judicial appointments, which predates the referendum. "Do you support the government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to abolish the unelected federal Senate?" Amending the Constitution to abolish the federal senate Alberta governments have long expressed disillusionment with the federal Senate, and this ballot question proposes doing away with the whole thing entirely.

我们的报道追溯了阿尔berta的不满历史,并探讨了即使出现"赞成"投票,废除仍然极不可能的原因。

Our story traces the history of Alberta's grievances and explores why abolishment is highly unlikely even in the event of a "yes" vote.

“您是否支持艾伯塔省政府与其他有意愿的省份政府合作,共同修改《加拿大宪法》,从而允许各省份选择不参与那些涉及省级管辖权限的联邦项目——比如医疗保健、教育及社会服务——且不会因此丧失用于本地社会项目的联邦资金?” 艾伯塔省民众将就是否选择退出联邦项目并保留相关资金进行投票。在此案例中,艾伯塔省试图限制宪法专家所称的“宪法规定的财政支出权”,即联邦政府在拨款给各省时附加各种条件的能力。本文将探讨此类举措背后存在的各种宪法观点,以及它对现有联邦项目可能产生的影响。

"Do you support the government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to allow provinces to opt out of federal programs that intrude on provincial jurisdiction such as health care, education and social services, without a province losing any of the associated federal funding for use in its social programs?" Albertans to vote on opting out of federal programs — while keeping cash Here, Alberta is pitching an attempt to limit what constitutional experts refer to as constitutional spending power — essentially, Ottawa's ability to transfer money to provinces while attaching conditions to it. This story explores the varied constitutional perspectives tied to a push like this, and what it could mean for existing federal programs.

“您是否支持艾伯塔省政府与其他有意愿的省份政府合作修改《加拿大宪法》,以便在省级法律与联邦法律产生冲突时,赋予涉及省级或共同管辖领域的省级法律优先效力,从而更好地保护省级权力免受联邦干预?” 在部分存在法律冲突的领域赋予省级法律优先地位。该问题涉及加拿大宪法法中的“联邦至上原则”,即当联邦法律与省级法律相抵触时,以联邦法律为准。本文将分析艾伯塔省为何试图改变这一规则,以及这对加拿大作为一个联邦制国家的概念有何意义。

"Do you support the government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to better protect provincial rights from federal interference by giving a province's laws dealing with provincial or shared areas of constitutional jurisdiction priority over federal laws when the province's laws and federal laws conflict?" Prioritize provincial laws over federal laws in some areas where they conflict This question is tied to the concept of federal paramountcy in Canadian constitutional law, which essentially means that when federal and provincial laws are at odds, federal law wins out. Our story explores why Alberta wants to flip the script and what it means for the concept of Canada as a federation.

“艾伯塔省应当继续作为加拿大的一个省份存在,还是说艾伯塔省政府应依照《加拿大宪法》启动相关法律程序,举行一次具有法律约束力的全民公投来决定艾伯塔省是否应当脱离加拿大?”

"Should Alberta remain a province of Canada, or should the government of Alberta commence the legal process required under the Canadian Constitution to hold a binding provincial referendum on whether or not Alberta should separate from Canada?"

这并非一个简单的“是”或“否”类问题。选民需从以下两个选项中择一作答:选项一:艾伯塔省应当继续作为加拿大的一个省份。关于是否举行具有法律约束力的脱离加拿大公投的议题这一议题长期以来一直是阿尔伯塔省公投相关讨论的核心。CBC新闻曾对阿尔伯塔省的独立运动及其引发的各方反应进行过报道,其中包括支持加拿大联邦制的声音。

This isn't a "yes" or "no" question. Voters will be asked to choose one of the following two options: Option 1: Alberta should remain a province of Canada. Referendum on whether to have binding referendum on separating from Canada This question has often been at the centre of referendum-related discourse across Alberta. CBC News has covered the Albertan independence movement and responses to it, including federalist sentiment. Here are some of the stories we've recently reported:

以下是我们近期报道的部分内容:时间所剩无几:最新民调显示支持阿尔伯塔独立的比例正在下降;研究报告称,若阿尔伯塔实现独立,未来五年可能需付出高达1700亿加元的代价;养老金、护照以及错误信息:双方各自指责对方在阿尔伯塔独立问题上存在哪些误解更多内容:欢迎关注我们对阿尔伯塔省公投的所有相关报道

With time running out, new poll suggests Alberta separatism support is slipping Establishing independent Alberta could cost up to $170B over 5 years: report Pensions, passports and misinformation: What each side says the other gets wrong about Alberta independence For more: Follow all of our Alberta referendum coverage