月，印度从委内瑞拉进口的原油量有望升至近七年来的最高水平。由于价格大幅优惠吸引了包括信实工业有限公司在内的炼油企业，而俄罗斯原油价格却持续上涨，这一趋势愈发明显。
India’s imports of Venezuelan oil are set to surge to the highest in almost seven years this month, as steep discounts lure refiners such as Reliance Industries Ltd. while Russian supplies become costlier.
据Kpler预测，本月印度从委内瑞拉进口的原油量预计将翻倍有余，达到每日约46.5万桶，而9月份这一数值仅为19.6万桶。若所有预定船运均能如期抵达，这一水平也将创下2019年12月以来的新高。
Venezuelan crude deliveries to India are expected to more than double to about 465,000 barrels a day this month, from 196,000 in September, according to Kpler estimate. If all scheduled cargoes arrive on time, that would be the highest since December 2019.
所有发往印度的委内瑞拉原油船只的目的地均为锡卡港——信实工业旗下全球规模最大的贾姆纳加尔炼油综合体所使用的港口。不过，实际10月份的进口量仍可能存在波动；据Kpler的船舶追踪数据显示，至少有两艘油轮计划于10月31日抵达印度西海岸。信实工业方面暂未对置评请求作出回应。
All the South American producer’s cargoes bound for India list Sikka as their destination, the port used by Reliance for its Jamnagar refinery complex, the world’s biggest. Actual October flows could vary, with at least two tankers scheduled to arrive on India’s west coast on Oct. 31, ship tracking data from the analytics firm show. A Reliance spokesperson didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
自前总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗下台后美国解除对委制裁，印度时隔近一年于今年2月重新开始进口委内瑞拉原油。与此同时，作为印度最大原油供应国的俄罗斯，其原油价格持续攀升，其旗舰产品乌拉尔原油在波罗的海地区的售价更是创下战时新高，导致印度从俄罗斯的进口量不断减少。
India resumed buying Venezuelan oil in February after an almost yearlong pause, as the lifting of US sanctions following the ouster of former leader Nicolás Maduro boosted flows. At the same time, imports from Russia, India’s biggest crude supplier, are declining as prices rise, with its flagship Urals grade loaded in the Baltic hitting a wartime high.
此外，由于美国新出台的制裁法案增加了印度企业面临额外惩罚性关税的风险，印度各炼油企业也纷纷削减对俄罗斯原油的采购。Kpler数据显示，9月份俄罗斯在印度原油进口总量中的占比降至约35%，而7月份这一比例曾高达56%。
Refiners in the South Asian nation are also cutting back Russian purchases after a sweeping US sanctions law raised the threat of fresh punitive tariffs. Moscow’s share in India’s crude imports fell to about 35% in September, from as as high as 56% in July, according to Kpler data.
“自今年年初以来，委内瑞拉原油在印度原油来源多元化战略中的地位日益重要，”Kpler建模部门高级经理苏米特·里托利亚说道。他预计10月份的进口量可能更接近每日35万桶，因为部分船只可能无法在月底前完成卸货。
“Venezuelan crude has become an increasingly important part of India’s diversification since the start of the year,” said Sumit Ritolia, senior manager of modeling at Kpler. He expects October deliveries to be closer to 350,000 barrels a day as some vessels may not discharge before month-end.
目前，委内瑞拉的旗舰原油产品梅雷原油在扣除运输成本前仍以折价出售，而俄罗斯乌拉尔原油则处于溢价交易状态。
Merey crude, Venezuela’s flagship, is selling at a discount, while Russian Urals trades at a premium, before shipping costs.
大幅折扣有助于抵消从委内瑞拉较长航程带来的成本，以及处理梅雷原油（一种稠质、高硫原油）所面临的挑战。赖兰斯公司的贾姆纳格尔炼厂具备处理此类原油的能力。不过，不断上涨的油轮运费可能使进口量的激增难以持续。
The steep discount helps offset the longer voyage from Venezuela and the challenges of processing Merey, a dense, high-sulfur crude. Reliance’s Jamnagar complex is equipped to handle such barrels. Still, rising tanker rates could make the surge in imports difficult to sustain.
他表示：“这些原油相对难以处理，属于重质原油，并非所有印度炼油厂都能持续或大规模地加工它们。”
“These barrels are relatively difficult, heavy barrels, and not every Indian refinery can process them continuously or in large proportions,” he said.